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Self-therapeutic metal-based nanoparticles for treating inflammatory diseases

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第5期13卷 1847-1865页

作者： Ruifang Han Yu Xiao Qianqian Bai chung Hang jonathan Choi Department of Biomedical Engineering the Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina

Inflammatory diseases are key contributors to high mortality globally and adversely affect the quality of *** treatments include corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories that may cause systemic toxicity and biologics that may increase the risk of *** nanoparticles that bear not only the drug payload but also targeting ligands for delivery to inflammation sites at lowered systemic toxicity are established in the nanomedicine field,but their relatively large size often leads to systemic ***-based nanoparticles with intrinsic anti-inflammatory properties represent attractive *** are not only designed to be compact for crossing biological barriers(with the nanoparticle serving as a dual carrier and drug),but also support label-free tracking of their interactions with *** review commences with an outline of the common inflammatory diseases,inflammatory pathways involved,and conventional drug-loaded nanoparticles for ***,the review features the emerging applications of self-therapeutic metal-based nanoparticles(e.g.,gold,coper oxide,platinum,ceria,and zinc oxide)for managing inflammatory diseases in animals over the past three years,focusing on therapeutic outcomes and anti-inflammatory *** review concludes with an outlook on the biodistribution,long-term toxicity,and clinical translation of self-therapeutic metalbased nanoparticles.

关键词： Metal-based nanoparticles Inflammatory disease Self-therapeutic Nanomedicine Delivery Gold nanoparticles Clinical translation Reactive oxygen species

Design and in vivo characterization of kidney-targeting multimodal micelles for renal drug delivery

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5584-5595页

作者： jonathan Wang Christopher Poon Deborah Chin Sarah Milkowski Vivian Lu Kenneth R. Hallows Eun Ji chung Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

One in three Americans is at risk for developing chronic kidney disease （CKD） and end-stage renal disease （ESRD）, leading to the need for dialysis or a kidney transplant. Small-molecule drugs have been proposed as therapies to manage kidney diseases, but high dosages are often required to achieve therapeutic efficacy, generating off-target side effects, some of which are lethal. To address these limitations, we developed a novel kidney-targeting multimodal micelle （KM） system for drug delivery applications. SpecificaU~ we incorporated the kidney-targeting peptide （Lysine-Lysine-Glutamic acid-Glutamic acid-Glutamic acid）3-Lysine）（（KKEEE）3K） into micelles. This peptide binds to megalin, a multi-ligand cell surface receptor present on renal tubule cells. When incubated with human kidney proximal tubule cells, KMs were found to be biocompatible in vitro. In vivo, KMs showed higher accumulation in the kidneys as compared to a non-targeted （NT） control upon intravenous injection in wild-type C57BL/6J mice. Histological evaluation showed no signs of tissue damage, while blood urea nitrogen （BUN） and creatinine levels were within normal ranges, validating the preservation of kidney health upon micelle administration. To our knowledge, this is the first utilization of （KKEEE）BK in a nanoparticle formulation, and our study offers strong evidence that this novel nanoparticle platform can be used as a candidate drug delivery carrier to direct therapeutics to diseased tissue in CKD.

关键词： micelle kidney disease renal targeting biodistribution nanoparticle

Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM):Developing the Research Field within the Sendai Framework Paradigm

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 145-149页

作者： Sharon Tsoon Ting Lo Emily Ying Yang Chan Gloria Kwong Wai Chan Virginia Murray jonathan Abrahams Ali Ardalan Ryoma Kayano Johnny chung Wai Yau Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC) The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary CareThe Chinese University of Hong Kong Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Franois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health & Human Rights Harvard University Public Health England The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) Scientific and Technical Advisory Group Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) Scientific Committee World Health Organization Tehran University of Medical Sciences World Health Organization Kobe Centre for Health Development Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong

The intersection of health and disaster risk reduction(DRR) has emerged in recent years as a field of critical *** is recognized as an outcome and a goal of DRR,and the integration of both fields is essential to ensure the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–*** Emergency and Disaster Risk Management(Health-EDRM) has emerged as an umbrella field that encompasses emergency and disaster medicine,DRR,humanitarian response,community health resilience,and health systems *** September 2016,an international group of experts met in Hong Kong to assess the current status and potential of the Health-EDRM research field,a research area that these scholars characterized as underdeveloped and *** challenges identified include research overlap,lack ofstrategic research agenda,absence of consensus regarding terminology,and limited coordination between *** Sendai Framework provides a useful paradigm within which to shape the research field's strategic *** WHO Thematic Platform for Health-EDRM Research Group was established to coordinate activities,promote information-sharing,develop partnerships,and provide technical advice to strengthen the Health-EDRM research *** group will promote the generation of robust and scientific health research to support the meaningful implementation of the Sendai Framework.

关键词： Health disaster risk reduction Health emergency and disaster risk management Health-EDRM Sendai Framework

Serological profiling of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients reveals anti-microbial antibody signatures

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第30期28卷 4089-4101页

作者： Mahasish Shome Lusheng Song Stacy Williams Yunro chung Vel Murugan Jin G Park William Faubion Shabana F Pasha jonathan A Leighton Joshua LaBaer Ji Qiu Virginia G.Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics Biodesign InstituteArizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85281United States Department of Internal Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMayo Clinic ArizonaScottsdaleAZ 85259United States Division of Gastroenterology Mayo Clinic School of MedicineScottsdaleAZ 85259United States

BACKGROUND The healthcare burden of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is rising globally and there are limited non-invasive biomarkers for accurate and early *** To understand the important role that intestinal microbiota play in IBD pathogenesis and identify anti-microbial antibody signatures that benefit clinical management of IBD *** We performed serological profiling of 100 Crohn’s disease(CD)patients,100 ulcerative colitis(UC)patients and 100 healthy controls against 1173 bacterial and 397 viral proteins from 50 bacteria and 33 viruses on protein *** study subjects were randomly divided into discovery(n=150)and validation(n=150)*** analysis was performed using R *** Anti-bacterial antibody responses showed greater differential prevalence among the three subject groups than anti-viral antibody *** identified novel antibodies against the antigens of Bacteroidetes vulgatus(BVU_0562)and Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP_1992)showing higher prevalence in CD patients relative to healthy *** also identified antibodies against the antigen of Streptococcus pyogenes(SPy_2009)showing higher prevalence in healthy controls relative to UC *** these novel antibodies,we built biomarker panels with area under the curve(AUC)of 0.81,0.87,and 0.82 distinguishing CD vs control,UC vs control,and CD vs UC,*** analysis revealed that penetrating CD behavior,colonic CD location,CD patients with a history of surgery,and extensive UC exhibited highest antibody prevalence among all *** demonstrated that autoantibodies and anti-microbial antibodies in CD patients had minimal *** We have identified antibody signatures for CD and UC using a comprehensive analysis of antimicrobial antibody response in *** antibodies and the source microorganisms of their target antigens improve our understanding of the role of specific microorganisms in IBD pathogenesis and,after f

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Anti-microbial antibody Protein microarray Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Gut microbiome

Strategies to tackle the challenges of external beam radiotherapy for liver tumors

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第14期9卷 645-656页

作者： Michael I Lock jonathan Klein Hans T chung Joseph M Herman Edward Y Kim William Small Nina A Mayr Simon S Lo Department of Radiation Oncology London Regional Cancer ProgramUniversity of Western Ontario Department of Radiation Oncology Odette Cancer CentreSunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Department of Radiation Oncology the University of Texas Department of Radiation Oncology University of Washington School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center

Primary and metastatic liver cancer is an increasingly common and difficult to control disease *** offers a non-invasive treatment alternative for these patients who often have few options and a poor ***,the anatomy and aggressiveness of liver cancer poses significant challenges such as accurate localization at simulation and treatment,management of motion and appropriate selection of dose *** article aims to review the options available and provide information for the practical implementation and/or improvement of liver cancer radiation programs within the context of stereotactic body radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy *** patient inclusion and exclusion criteria are presented given the significant toxicity found in certain sub-populations treated with ***,certain sub-populations,such as those with tumor thrombosis or those with larger lesions treated with transarterial chemoembolization,have been shown to have significant improvements in outcome with the addition of radiation and merit special *** a liver radiation programrequires three primary challenges to be addressed:(1) immobilization and motion management;(2) localization;and(3) dose regimen and constraint *** to deal with motion include simple internal target volume(ITV) expansions,non-gated ITV reduction strategies,breath hold methods,and surrogate marker methods to enable gating or *** of the tumor and organs-at-risk are addressed using contrast infusion techniques to take advantage of different normal liver and cancer vascular anatomy,imaging modalities,and margin ***,a dose response has been demonstrated and dose regimens appear to be converging.A more uniform approach to treatment in terms of technique,dose selection and patient selection will allow us to study liver radiation in larger and,hopefully,multicenter randomized studies.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver metastases 4DCT Image-guided radiotherapy Stereotactic body radiation therapy

Microwave Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Different Pentose Carbohydrates as Reducing Agents

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2018年第1期12卷 1-10页

作者： David S. chung Hanna Kim jonathan Ko Justine Lee Bryant Hwang Sohyun Chang ByungJun Kim Sung-Jae chung Division of Biology and Medicine Brown University Providence R102912 USA Granada Hill Charter High School Granada Hills CA 91344 USA Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology Alexandria VA 22312 USA Langley High School Mclean VA 2210 USA Department of Biology School of Arts & Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA Biological Sciences Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Marymount University School of Arts and Sciences 2807 N. Glebe Road Arlington VA 22302 USA

A fast, green and readily reproducible microwave-based method for the production of high quality silver nanoparticles （AgNPs） in high yield is presented. Starch is used as a stabilizing agent with few pentose different reducing carbohydrates as D-ribose, D-arabinose and L-arabinose. From the UV-vis peak profile spectra of the solutions of the silver nanoparticles, the authors have investigated the size of the NPs together with the average diameter, shape, and aggregation state of the colloidal AgNPs. TEM measurements and EDX analysis have confirmed the morphology of our AgNPs.

关键词： Microwave synthesis UV-vis spectroscopy Mie theory silver nanoparticles TEM and EDX.

Liver transplantation during global COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第23期9卷 6608-6623页

作者： Mostafa Alfishawy Nso Nso Mahmoud Nassar jonathan Ariyaratnam Sakil Bhuiyan Raheel S Siddiqui Matthew Li Howard chung Amira Al Balakosy Ahmed Alqassieh Tibor Fülöp Vincent Rizzo Ahmed Daoud Karim M Soliman Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases Consultants and Academic Researchers of Egypt IDCARECairo 0000Egypt Department of Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai(NYC Health and Hospitals:Queens)New YorkNY 11373United States Clinical pharmacy department Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai(NYC Health and Hospitals:Queens)New YorkNY 11373United States Tropical Medicine Department Ain Shams UniversityCairo 11517Egypt Department of Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States Department of Medicine Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States Department of Medicine Kasr Alainy Medical SchoolCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory disease respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has significantly impacted the health care systems *** transplantation(LT)has faced an unequivocal challenge during this unprecedented *** targeted review aims to cover most of the clinical issues,challenges and concerns about LT during the COVID-19 pandemic and discuss the most updated literature on this rapidly emerging subject.

关键词： COVID-19 Calcineurin inhibitors Cytokine Distributive justice End-stage liver disease Immunosuppression Liver transplantation Mortality

Global Genomic Variations of Pathogenic Bacteria <i>Salmonella</i>Reading

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Computational Molecular Bioscience 2021年第3期11卷 57-68页

作者： Woo Hyung Lee Yein Jeon jonathan S. chung Woo Jun Shim Min Jae Shin Seok Gyu Han Seunghan Baek James Kim Jaewoo Kim Paul S. chung Biotechnology School of Sciences Hong Kong University of Science of Technology Hong Kong China Fuzbien Technology Institute Rockville USA Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers University New Brunswick USA College of Letters & Sciences University of California Los Angeles USA Biology Bachelor of Science California Institute of Technology Pasadena USA School of Arts & Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA School of Arts & Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Youth with Talents Fairfax USA

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates food-borne pathogenic Salmonella bacteria cause about 1.35 million infections, 26,500 hospitalizations, and 420 deaths in the U.S. every year. Outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Reading linked mainly to raw turkey products and alfalfa sprouts have accounted for human illness including mortality. Therefore, we downloaded and compared genome sequences of 897 Salmonella Reading isolated from 27 resources in 11 countries at 21 year-points from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. Isolates were clustered into 10 clades which consisted of 3 major and 7 minor or single node clades. Although 3 major clades included both Europe and American isolates, one clade consisted of 605 North American isolates out of 614 isolates. Evolutionary distance is more related to the continent than the source of isolation. The host source, continent (North America and Europe) and phylogenetic clade were related to the prevalence of isolates encoding Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (ARGs). Prevalence of prophages was greater in bovine and swine isolates than poultry and human isolates and the least prevalence was found in human isolates. Between continents, the prevalence of phage was greater in North Ame- rican isolates than European. The diversity of virulence factors in swine isolates differed from poultry isolate while no difference was found among continents. In conclusion, evolutionary distance is related to isolation host source rather than the continent, and genome features were distinguished by host and cluster. Our genomic analysis implies that Salmonella Reading evolved independently to environments within its lineages.

关键词： Salmonella Serovar Reading Genome Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Virulence Factors Phylogenomic Tree

A Retrospective Study of Directed Blood Donations in the Kasungu District of Malawi

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2018年第4期8卷 74-82页

作者： David S. chung Fenjun Shen Sumin Lee Taekwon Kong jonathan Ko Jin Young Choe Sang Min Lee George Talama School of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry UC Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA Department of Human Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Department of Chemistry Washington University St. Louis MO USA School of Arts and Sciences NYU Yew York NY USA Seoul International School Seongnam South Korea La Canada High School La Canada CA USA Kasungu District Hospital Kasungu Malawi

Since the discovery of blood circulation and transfusion, there has been an insatiable demand for voluntary blood donations throughout the world. However, gathering blood donors has never been easy because eligible donors constitute only a fraction of the general population and are often reluctant to donate. This is especially challenging in underprivileged countries of sub-Saharan Africa such as Malawi whose nationally run blood transfusion service struggles to maintain hospital blood banks. As a result, hospitals turn to their local communities for directed donations. A retrospective analysis from January 2014 to June 2016 of directed blood donor data from two hospitals in the Kasungu District of Malawi was conducted. The analysis of 2134 donations was carried out with respect to sex, age, hemoglobin concentration, blood group, and presence of transfusion-transmissible infections. On average, donors were 30 years of age and predominately male. Blood group O+ constituted more than half of all directed blood donations. Ultimately, about one third of donations were unable to be utilized for transfusion.

关键词： Blood Type Blood Donor Data Malawi