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Involvement of ethylene receptors in the salt tolerance response of Cucurbita pepo

Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 1058-1071页

作者： Gustavo Cebrian Jessica Iglesias-Moya Alicia Garcia Javier MartInez jonathan romero Jose Javier Regalado Cecilia Martinez Juan Luis Valenzuela Manuel Jamilena Department of Biology and Geology Agri-food Campus of International Excellence(CeiA3)and Research Center CIAMBITALUniversity of Almeria04120 AlmeriaSpain

Abiotic stresses have a negative effect on crop production,affecting both vegetative and reproductive *** plays a relevant role in plant response to environmental stresses,but the specific contribution of ethylene biosynthesis and signalling components in the salt stress response differs between Arabidopsis and rice,the two most studied model *** this paper,we study the effect of three gain-of-function mutations affecting the ethylene receptors CpETR1B,CpETR1A,and CpETR2B of Cucurbita pepo on salt stress response during germination,seedling establishment,and subsequent vegetative growth of *** mutations all reduced ethylene sensitivity,but enhanced salt tolerance,during both germination and vegetative growth,demonstrating that the three ethylene receptors play a positive role in salt *** salt stress,etr1b,etr1a,and etr2b germinate earlier than WT,and the root and shoot growth rates of both seedlings and plants were less affected in mutant than in *** enhanced salt tolerance response of the etr2b plants was associated with a reduced accumulation of Na^(+)in shoots and leaves,as well as with a higher accumulation of compatible solutes,including proline and total carbohydrates,and antioxidant compounds,such as *** membrane monovalent cation transporters,including Na^(+)/H^(+)and K^(+)/H^(+)exchangers(NHXs),K^(+)efflux antiporters(KEAs),high-affinity K^(+)transporters(HKTs),and K^(+)uptake transporters(KUPs)were also highly upregulated by salt in etr2b in comparison with *** aggregate,these data indicate that the enhanced salt tolerance of the mutant is led by the induction of genes that exclude Na+in photosynthetic organs,while maintaining K^(+)/Na^(+)homoeostasis and osmotic *** the salt response of etr mutants occurs via the ethylene signalling pathway,our data show that ethylene is a negative regulator of salt tolerance during germination and vegetative ***,the higher upregulation

关键词： subsequent aggregate likely

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Plant-substrate biochar properties critical for mediating reductive debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 1-10页

作者： jonathan H.Lindhardt Peter E.Holm Yong-Guan Zhu Changyong Lu Hans Christian B.Hansen Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 401871 Frederiksberg CDenmark Key lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Sino-Danish Center for education and research China and DenmarkDalgas Avenue 4DK-8000 Aarhus C.Denmark

Dibromoethane is a widespread,persistent organic *** are known mediators of reductive dehalogenation by layered Fe^(Ⅱ)-Fe^(Ⅲ)hydroxides(green rust),which can reduce 1,2-dibromoethane to innocuous bromide and ***,the critical characteristics that determine mediator functionality are lesser *** biochar substrates were pyrolyzed at 600℃and 800℃,characterized by elemental analysis,X-ray photo spectrometry C and N surface speciation,X-ray powder diffraction,specific surface area analysis,and tested for mediation of reductive debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane by a green rust reductant under anoxic conditions.A statistical analysis was performed to determine the biochar properties,critical for debromination kinetics and total debromination *** was shown that selected plant based biochars can mediate debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane,that the highest first order rate constant was 0.082/hr,and the highest debromination extent was 27%in reactivity experiments with 0.1μmol(20μmol/L)1,2-dibromoethane,≈22 mmol/L Fe^(Ⅱ)GR,and 0.12 g/L soybean meal biochar(7 days).Contents of Ni,Zn,N,and P,and the relative contribution of quinone surface functional groups were significantly(p<0.05)positively correlated with 1,2-dibromoethane debromination,while adsorption,specific surface area,and the relative contribution of pyridinic N oxide surface groups were significantly negatively correlated with debromination.

关键词： Environmental remediation Biochar Persistent organic pollutants(POPs) Environmental catalysis Green rust

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A spotlight on dosage and subject selection for effective neuroprotection: exploring the central role of mitochondria

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1081-1082页

作者： John Mitrofanis jonathan Stone Michael R.Hamblin Pierre Magistretti Alim-Louis Benabid Glen Jeffery Fonds Clinatec UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance School of Medical Science University of SydneySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health Sciences University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Neurons are notoriously vulnerable cell *** the slightest change in their internal and/or external environments will cause much distress and dysfunction,leading often to their death.A range of pathological conditions,including stroke,head trauma,and neurodegenerative disease,can generate stress in neurons,affecting their survival and proper *** most neural pathologies,mitochondria become dysfunctional and this plays a pivotal role in the process of cell *** challenge over the last few decades has been to develop effective interventions that improve neuronal homeostasis under pathological *** interventions,often referred to as disease-modifying or neuroprotective,have,however,proved frustratingly elusive,at both preclinical and,in particular,clinical *** this perspective,we highlight two factors that we feel are key to the development of effective neuroprotective *** are:firstly,the choice of dose of intervention and method of application,and secondly,the selection of subjects,whether they be patients or the animal model.

关键词： protective dosage distress

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Hunting for a viral proxy in bioaerosols of swine buildings using molecular detection and metagenomics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 69-78页

作者： Valérie Létourneau Marie-Josée Gagné jonathan M.Vyskocil Vincent Brochu Kim Robitaille Martin Gauthier Julie Brassard Caroline Duchaine Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre-UniversitéLaval 2725 Chemin Sainte-FoyQuebecG1V 4G5Canada Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada3600 Casavant Boulevard WestSaint-HyacintheJ2S 8E3Canada Department of Biochemistry Microbiologyand Bio-informaticsFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversitéLaval1045 Avenue de la MédecineQuebecG1V 0A6Canada The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Universitéde Montréal3200 Rue SicotteSaint-HyacintheJ2S 2M2Canada

There are limited biosecurity measures directed at preventing airborne transmission of viruses in *** effectiveness of dust mitigation strategies such as oil sprinkling,to decrease risk of airborne virus transmission are *** and qPCR for common fecal viruses were used to hunt for a ubiquitous virus to serve as a proxy when evaluating the efficiency of mitigation strategies against airborne viral infectious *** particles were collected from swine buildings using high-volume air *** DNA and RNA were used to perform specific RT-qPCR and qPCR and analyzed by highthroughput *** astroviruses group 2 were common(from 102 to 105 genomic copies per cubic meter of air or gc/m^(3),93%positivity)while no norovirus genogroup II was recovered from air *** torque teno sus virus were detected by qPCR in low concentrations(from 101 to 102 gc/m^(3),47%positivity).Among the identified viral families by metagenomics analysis,Herelleviridae,Microviridae,Myoviridae,Podoviridae,and Siphoviridae were *** phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus was present in all air samples and a newly designed qPCR revealed between 101 and 105 gc/m^(3) among the samples taken for the present study(97%positivity)and banked samples from5-and 15-year old studies(89%positivity).According to the present study,both the porcine astrovirus group 2 and the phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus could be proxy for airborne viruses of swine buildings.

关键词： Bioaerosols Viral metagenomics Astrovirus Aerococcus phage Swine buildings

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Telomeres: The Promise of New Cancer Therapies

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2025年第1期15卷 88-96页

作者： Ruixian Hou jonathan J. Darrow Jericho High School Jericho NY USA Baylor College of Medicine Temple TX USA

Telomeres have been a subject of genetic research since the 1930s. They play a crucial role in cancer biology, as they influence both cellular senescence and genomic stability. In cancer cells, dysfunctional telomeres can lead to chromosomal fusions and, through deregulation of telomerase, allow replication of mutated chromosomes that might otherwise lead to apoptosis. Research is now focused on improving telomere-based cancer cell detection and developing potential therapies that inhibit telomerase activity in cancerous cells. Telomere research is crucial in understanding the molecular mechanisms influencing tumor growth and invasiveness because of the central role played by telomeres in various cancer types. Several telomerase inhibitors and immunotherapy treatments are in pre-clinical or clinical development. Research on the role of telomeres in oncogenesis has made significant strides, but obstacles remain, including a lack of high-resolution structural understanding, inadequate preclinical models, and concern over potential side effects. Even so, the current path of telomere research holds promise.

关键词： Telomere Telomerase Inhibition Cancer Detection Cancer Treatment Immunotherapy

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Evaluation of Crash Contributing Factors

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2025年第1期15卷 155-178页

作者： Ye Dong jonathan S. Wood Jacobs Engineering Chicago IL USA Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA USA

Understanding crash contributing factors is essential in safety management and improvement. These factors drive investment decisions, policies, regulations, and other safety-related initiatives. This paper analyzes factors that contribute to crash occurrence based on two national datasets in the United States (CISS and NASS-CDS) for the years 2017-2022 and 2010-2015, respectively. Three taxonomies were applied to enhance understanding of the various crash contributing factors. These taxonomies were developed based on previous research and practice and involved different groupings of human factors, vehicle factors, and roadway and environmental factors. Statistics for grouping the different types of factors and statistics for specific factors are provided. The results indicate that human factors are present in over 95% of crashes, roadway and environmental factors are present in over 45% of crashes, and vehicle factors are present in less than 2% of crashes. Regarding factors related to human error and vehicle maintenance, speeding is involved in over 25% of crashes, distraction is involved in over 20% of crashes, alcohol and drugs are involved in over 9% of crashes, and vehicle maintenance is involved in approximately 0.45% of crashes. Approximately 4.4% of crashes involve a driver who “looked but did not see.” Weather is involved in over 13% of crashes. Conclusions: The findings indicate that, consistent with previous research, human factors or human error are present in around 95% of crashes. Infrastructure and environmental factors contribute to about 45% of crashes. Vehicle factors contribute to only 1.67% - 1.71% of crashes. The results from this study could potentially be used to inform future safety management and improvement activities, including policy-making, regulation development, safe systems and systemic safety approaches to safety management, and other engineering, education, emergency response, enforcement, evaluation, and encouragement activities. T

关键词： Contributing Factors Human Factors Vehicle Factors Environmental Factors Crash Data Vision Zero

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Ecological and anthropogenic factors influencing mammal species distribution in Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary,Myanmar

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第2期22卷 575-591页

作者： Myo Min LATT jonathan O.HERNANDEZ Woo Bin YOUN Byung Bae PARK Department of Environment and Forest Resources Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of Natural Resources and Management University of Forestry and Environmental ScienceYezinNaypyitaw 15013National Unity Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Department of Forest Biological Sciences College of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosLos Baños 4031Philippines

Mammal distribution is shaped by different ecological and anthropogenic factors,and the pattern varies depending on their sensitivity thresholds,food and habitat preferences,ecological roles,and physical *** present study investigated the influence of ecological and anthropogenic factors on the distribution of mammal species communities across different trophic levels and body sizes in Myanmar's Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary(HWS).The values of mammal characteristics,ecological,and anthropogenic factors were analyzed in ArcMap *** of the large and small sized mammals,whose distribution decreases with elevation,were observed near the main *** mammal tropic levels,the omnivores and herbivores were mostly observed farther from gold mining *** terms of forage plant effect on mammal community,floral forage plants and the presence of climber negatively affected mammal species across different trophic ***,presence of resin trees also has a substantial impact on the distribution of medium-large animals and omnivorous mammals as trophic niche ***,our findings highlight the crucial role that ecological and anthropogenic factors play in shaping mammal distribution in the *** underscores the importance of simultaneously conserving both habitat and mammal diversity in HWS,especially in the face of a changing climate and environment.

关键词： Camera trap survey Ecological niche Forage plants Habitat diversity Mammal communities Ranger patrol survey

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Reproducibility in Transportation Research: Importance, Best Practices, and Dealing with Protected and Sensitive Data

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2025年第1期15卷 179-202页

作者： jonathan S. Wood Ida van Schalkwyk Department of Civil Construction & Environmental Engineering Iowa State University IA USA Washington Department of Transportation WA USA

Reproducibility is a key aspect of the scientific method as it provides evidence for research claims. It is essential to promote openness, accessibility, and collaboration within the scientific community. This article aims to provide an introduction to best practices in reproducibility that are relevant to the transportation research community, to discuss issues and barriers to reproducibility, and to describe methods for addressing these issues. This article starts by discussing openness and transparency, then discusses several key best practices for reproducibility in transportation engineering, highlighting common methods and techniques, as well as the associated benefits. The paper concludes with a discussion of the key barriers to implementing reproducibility practices in transportation research and potential solutions. The barriers include existing culture and attitudes, data sensitivity, insufficient methodological detail, lack of code sharing, limited validation, additional time and research burden, and skill and knowledge gaps. Discussing each of these items provides an opportunity for the transportation research community to evolve to become one that embraces the openness and transparency of reproducibility.

关键词： Reproducibility Openness Transparency Scientific Method Responsible Research

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Performance of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots on Standardized Medical Examination Questions in Obstetrics & Gynecology

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2025年第1期15卷 1-9页

作者： Angelo Cadiente Natalia DaFonte jonathan D. Baum Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine Nutley NJ USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Jersey Shore University Medical Center Neptune NJ USA

Objective: This study assesses the quality of artificial intelligence chatbots in responding to standardized obstetrics and gynecology questions. Methods: Using ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Bard, and Claude to respond to 20 standardized multiple choice questions on October 7, 2023, responses and correctness were recorded. A logistic regression model assessed the relationship between question character count and accuracy. For each incorrect question, an independent error analysis was undertaken. Results: ChatGPT-4.0 scored a 100% across both obstetrics and gynecology questions. ChatGPT-3.5 scored a 95% overall, earning an 85.7% in obstetrics and a 100% in gynecology. Claude scored a 90% overall, earning a 100% in obstetrics and an 84.6% in gynecology. Bard scored a 77.8% overall, earning an 83.3% in obstetrics and a 75% in gynecology and would not respond to two questions. There was no statistical significance between character count and accuracy. Conclusions: ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4.0 excelled in both obstetrics and gynecology while Claude performed well in obstetrics but possessed minor weaknesses in gynecology. Bard comparatively performed the worst and had the most limitations, leading to our support of the other artificial intelligence chatbots as preferred study tools. Our findings support the use of chatbots as a supplement, not a substitute for clinician-based learning or historically successful educational tools.

关键词： Large Language Models ChatGPT Bard Claude Medical Education

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Wilson's disease in two siblings from Ecuador:Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 50-60页

作者： Enrique Carrera jonathan Alvarado Martina Astudillo Galo Pillajo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital de Especialidades Eugenio EspejoQuito 170136PichinchaEcuador Faculty of Medicine Pontificia Universidad Catolica del EcuadorQuito 170143PichinchaEcuador Department of Radiology Hospital de Especialidades Eugenio EspejoQuito 170136PichinchaEcuador

BACKGROUND Wilson's disease(WD)is a rare metabolic disorder of copper accumulation in organs such as liver,brain,and *** and treatments are challenging in settings,where advanced diagnostic tests are unavailable,copper chelating agents are frequently scarce,healthcare professionals lack disease awareness,and medical follow-ups are *** diagnoses and treatments help prevent complications,improve patients’quality of life,and ensure a normal life *** clinical presentations and outcomes of WD can vary within a single *** SUMMARY We present the cases of two siblings(19 and 27 years)from a consanguineous family in rural Ecuador,diagnosed as having WD during a family *** male patient,diagnosed at age 19 after his brother’s death from acute liver failure,presented with compensated cirrhosis,neurological symptoms,and bilateral Kayser-Fleischer *** developed progressive neurological deterioration during an irregular treatment with D-penicillamine due to medication *** condition improved upon switching to trientine tetrahydrochloride,and his neurological symptoms improved over an 8-year period of *** female patient,diagnosed at age 10,exhibited only biochemical *** treatment history was similar;however,she remained asymptomatic without disease progression over the same follow-up *** discuss the potential influence of epigenetic mechanisms and modifier genes on the various phenotypes,emphasizing the need for research in these areas to optimize therapeutic *** Our patients’medical histories show how early diagnosis and treatment can prevent disease progression;and,how suboptimal treatments impact disease outcomes.

关键词： Wilson disease Kayser-Fleischer rings Copper chelator D-penicillamine Trientine tetrahydrochloride Case report

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