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Tree mycorrhizal associations determine how biodiversity,large trees,and environmental factors drive aboveground carbon stock in temperate forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 448-456页

作者： Yue Chen Zikun Mao jonathan A.myers Jinghua Yu Xugao Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality Shenyang110016China Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouriUSA

Biodiversity,large trees,and environmental conditions such as climate and soil have important effects on forest carbon ***,recent studies in temperate forests suggest that the relative importance of these factors depends on tree mycorrhizal associations,whereby large-tree effects may be driven by ectomycorrhizal(EM)trees,diversity effects may be driven by arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)trees,and environment effects may depend on differential climate and soil preferences of AM and EM *** test this hypothesis,we used forest-inventory data consisting of over 80,000 trees from 631 temperate-forest plots(30 m×30 m)across Northeast China to examine how biodiversity(species diversity and ecological uniqueness),large trees(top 1%of tree diameters),and environmental factors(climate and soil nutrients)differently regulate aboveground carbon stocks of AM trees,EM trees,and AM and EM trees combined(*** aboveground carbon stock).We found that large trees had a positive effect on both AM and EM tree carbon ***,biodiversity and environmental factors had opposite effects on AM *** tree carbon ***,the two components of biodiversity had positive effects on AM tree carbon stocks,but negative effects on EM tree carbon *** heterogeneity(mean annual temperature and soil nutrients)also exhibited contrasting effects on AM and EM tree carbon ***,for the total carbon stock,the positive large-tree effect far surpasses the diversity and environment *** is mainly because when integrating AM and EM tree carbon stock into total carbon stock,the opposite diversity-effect(also environment-effect)on AM *** tree carbon stock counteracts each other while the consistent positive large-tree effect on AM and EM tree carbon stock is *** summary,this study emphasized a mycorrhizal viewpoint to better understand the determinants of overarching aboveground carbon profile across regional forests.

关键词： Biodiversity Ecological uniqueness Environment heterogeneity Large trees Mycorrhizal associations Tree carbon stock

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Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer incidence:The NIH-AARP diet and health study

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运动与健康科学(英文) 2023年第6期12卷 739-746页

作者： Baruch Vainshelboim jonathan myers Charles EMatthews Center for Tobacco Research Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43214USA Cardiology Division Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System/Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94304USA Metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteRockvilleMD 20850USA

Background Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness(NEE-CRF)has been shown to be associated with mortality,although its association with cancer incidence is *** study aimed to assess the prospective association between NEE-CRF and cancer incidence in a large cohort of men and *** The National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons diet and health study is a prospective cohort that included 402,548 participants aged 50–71 years who were free from cancer at baseline(1995–1996)(men(n=238,835)and women(n=163,713))and were followed until December 31,*** exposure variable was NEE-CRF expressed in metabolic ***-CRF was estimated using a validated equation of self-reported predictors on demographics and lifestyle behaviors derived from baseline *** outcomes were total cancer incidence and incidence of prostate,breast,lung,and colorectal *** proportional hazards models were analyzed for the association between NEE-CRF and cancer incidence outcomes adjusted for established cancer risk *** During 13.7±3.2 years of follow-up(mean±SD),64,344 men and 31,315 women developed a new *** every 1-metabolic equivalent higher NEE-CRF,the hazard ratios and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)were 0.96(95%CI:0.94–0.97)and 0.88(95%CI:0.84–0.92)of total and colorectal cancer incidence among men,and 0.95(95%CI:0.93–0.97)and 0.94(95%CI:0.91–0.97)of total and breast cancer incidence among women,respectively(all p<0.001).NEE-CRF was not associated with incidence of prostate and lung cancers in men or colorectal and lung cancers in *** These results suggest that higher CRF levels,as assessed by the applied non-exercise estimated method,may provide preventive benefits against the development of cancer,while low CRF could potentially serve as a modifiable cancer risk *** NEE-CRF into screening paradigms and referring low-fit individuals to improve CRF could complemen

关键词： Aerobic capacity Breast cancer Cancer risk Colorectal cancer VO_(2max)

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Cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer in women:A prospective pilot study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第5期8卷 457-462页

作者： Baruch Vainshelboim Ricardo M.Lima jonathan myers Master of Cancer Care Program School of Health SciencesSaint Francis UniversityLorettoPA 15940USA Cardiology Division Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System/Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94304USA Faculty of Physical Education University of BrasiliaBrasilia 70910-900Brazil

Purpose:To assess the association between cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)and the incidence and mortality from cancer in women,and to evaluate the potential public health implications for cancer ***:Maximal exercise testing was performed in a pilot cohort of 184 women(59.3 ± 15.2 years)who were followed for 12.0 ± 6.9 *** hazard models adjusted for established cancer risk factors and accounting for competing events were analyzed for all-type cancer incidence and mortality from ***-attributable risks and exposure impact number were determined for low CRF(<5 metabolic equivalents(METs))as a risk ***:During the follow-up,11.4% of the participants were diagnosed with cancer and 3.2% died from *** was inversely and independently associated with cancer *** every 1-metabolic equivalent increase in CRF,there was a 20% decrease in the risk of cancer incidence(hazard ratio(HR)= 0.80,95% confidence interval(CI):0.69-0.92;p=0.001)and a 26% reduction in risk of cancer mortality(HR = 0.74,95%CI:0.61-0.90;p=0.002).The population-attributable risks of low CRF were 11.6% and 14% for incidence and mortality of cancer,respectively,and the respective exposure impact numbers were 8 and ***:Greater CRF was independently associated with a lower risk of incidence and mortality from cancer in *** for low CRF as a cancer risk factor and referring unfit individuals to a supervised exercise program could be a public health strategy for cancer prevention in middle-age women.

关键词： Exercise capacity Exercise testing Fitness Public health

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Diet in neurogenic bowel management:A viewpoint on spinal cord injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第20期26卷 2479-2497页

作者： Marco Bernardi Anna Lucia Fedullo Elisabetta Bernardi Diego Munzi Ilaria Peluso jonathan myers Florigio Romano Lista Tommaso Sciarra Department of Physiology and Pharmacology"V.Erspamer" Sapienza University of RomeRome 00185Italy Italian Paralympic Committee Rome 00191Italy Federazione Italiana Pallacanestro In Carrozzina(FIPIC) Rome 00188Italy Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity of Bari"Aldo Moro"Bari 70121Italy Joint Veteran Center Scientific DepartmentArmy Medical CenterRome 00184Italy Research Centre for Food and Nutrition Council for Agricultural Research and Economics(CREA-AN)Rome 00178Italy VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University Cardiology DivisionPalo AltoCA 94025United States Scientific Department Army Medical CenterRome 00184Italy

The aim of this review is to offer dietary advice for individuals with spinal cord injury(SCI)and neurogenic bowel *** this in mind,we consider health conditions that are dependent on the level of lesion including skeletal muscle atrophy,autonomic dysreflexia and neurogenic *** addition,SCI is often associated with a sedentary lifestyle,which increases risk for osteoporosis and diseases associated with chronic low-grade inflammation,including cardiovascular and chronic kidney *** Mediterranean diet,along with exercise and dietary supplements,has been suggested as an anti-inflammatory intervention in individuals with ***,individuals with chronic SCI have a daily intake of whole fruit,vegetables and whole grains lower than the recommended dietary allowance for the general *** studies have reported an increase in neurogenic bowel dysfunction symptoms after high fiber intake;therefore,this finding could explain the low consumption of plant *** consumption of fibre induces dysbiosis,which is associated with bothendotoxemia and *** can be reduced by exercise and diet in individuals with ***,to summarize our viewpoint,we developed a Mediterranean diet-based diet and exercise pyramid to integrate nutritional recommendations and exercise *** guidelines come from previously suggested recommendations for military veterans with disabilities and individuals with SCI,chronic kidney diseases,chronic pain and irritable bowel *** also considered the recent exercise guidelines and position stands for adults with SCI to improve muscle strength,flexibility and cardiorespiratory fitness and to obtain cardiometabolic ***,dietary advice for Paralympic athletes is suggested.

关键词： Neurogenic bowel dysfunction Body composition Mediterranean diet Food–drug interactions Microbiota Paralympic athletes

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Validation and reproducibility of the Heidelberg Edge Perimeter in the detection of glaucomatous visual field defects

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第4期12卷 577-581页

作者： Qi N.Cui Priyanka Gogt jonathan M.Lam Safa Siraj Lisa A.Hark jonathan S.myers L.Jay Katz Michael Waisbourd Glaucoma Research Center Wills Eye Hospital Scheie Eye Center University of Pennsylvania Department of Ophthalmology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University

AIM: To validate the ability of the Heidelberg Edge Perimeter(HEP) in detecting glaucomatous visual field(VF) defects compared to the Octopus Visual Field(OVF) Analyzer and to determine the test-retest repeatability of both ***: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA. Glaucoma subjects and unaffected controls underwent VF testing using HEP standard automated perimetry(SAP) Ⅲ 30-2 Adaptive Staircase Thresholding Algorithm(ASTA) FAST protocol and OVF G-TOP white-on-white strategy. Testing order was randomized. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated for both mean deviation(MD) and pattern standard deviation/square root of loss of variance(PSD/s LV). Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were used to determine the diagnostic abilities of both modalities. Glaucoma subjects returned for repeat testing and intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs) were calculated to assess test-retest repeatability. RESULTS: Seventy-nine subjects with glaucoma and 36 unaffected controls were enrolled. HEP and OVF were significantly correlated for both MD(r=-0.84; P<0.01) and PSD/s LV(r=0.79; P<0.01). Areas under the ROC curves(AUCs) were also comparable between HEP and OVF for both MD(0.74 and 0.79, respectively; P=0.26) and PSD/sL V(0.74 and 0.82; P=0.08). ICC was high for both HEP (0.96 for MD, 0.95 for PSD/s LV) and OVF(0.82 and 0.88, respectively). Mean test duration(min) was significantly shorter for OVF(2.63) compared to HEP(5.15; P<0.01). CONCLUSION: HEP and OVF show strong correlation for both MD and PSD/s LV, and have similar validity for detecting glaucoma. The test-retest repeatability is high for both HEP and OVF, however the average testing duration of HEP is significantly longer than that of OVF.

关键词： glaucoma Heidelberg Edge Perimeter standard automated perimetry Octopus Visual Field Analyzer visual field

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Short-duration transient visual evoked potentials and color reflectivity discretization analysis in glaucoma patients and suspects

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第2期10卷 254-261页

作者： Michael Waisbourd Rebekah H.Gensure Ardalan Aminlari Sonya B.Shah Nitasha Khanna Neil Sood Jeanne Molineaux Alberto Gonzalez jonathan S.myers L.Jay Katz Wills EyeHospital Glaucoma Research Center PhiladelphiaPA 19107USA Diopsys Inc. Pine BrookNJ 07058USA

AIM： To evaluate the use of short-duration transient visual evoked potentials（VEP） and color reflectivity discretization analysis（CORDA） in glaucomatous eyes,eyes suspected of having glaucoma,and healthy ***： The study included 136 eyes from 136 subjects： 49 eyes with glaucoma,45 glaucoma suspect eyes,and 42 healthy *** underwent Humphrey visual field（VF） testing,VEP testing,as well as peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography imaging studies with post-acquisition CORDA *** analysis was performed using means and ranges,ANOVA,post-hoc comparisons using Turkey＇s adjustment,Fisher＇s Exact test,area under the curve,and Spearman correlation ***： Parameters from VEP and CORDA correlated significantly with VF mean deviation（MD）（P〈0.05）.In distinguishing glaucomatous eyes from controls,VEP demonstrated area under the curve（AUC） values of 0.64-0.75 for amplitude and 0.67-0.81 for *** CORDA HR1 parameter was highly discriminative for glaucomatous eyes vs controls（AUC=0.94）.CONCLUSION： Significant correlations are found between MD and parameters of short-duration transient VEP and CORDA,diagnostic modalities which warrant further consideration in identifying glaucoma characteristics.

关键词： short-duration transient visual evoked potentials optical coherence tomography color reflectivity discretization analysis glaucoma

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关于与青光眼疾病严重性相关的资源使用和成本的一项多中心回顾性试验研究

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美国医学会眼科杂志（中文版） 2006年第4期18卷 254-254页

作者： Paul P. Lee John G. Walt John J. Doyle Sameer V. Kotak Stacy J. Evans Donald L. Budenz Philip P. Chen Anne L. Coleman Robert M. Feldman HenRY D. Jampel L.Jay Katz Richard P.Mills jonathan S.myers Robert J.Noecker Jody R.Piltz-Seymour Robert R.Ritch Paul N.Schacknow Janet B.Serle Gary L.Trick 范翔（译）

目的：调查在不同疾病严重程度上青光眼治疗的资源消耗和直接成本。设计：基于医学档案综述的观察性、回顾性的队列研究。

关键词：青光眼治疗直接成本资源消耗疾病严重性试验研究疾病严重程度医学档案

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Biomarkers for therapy selection in metastatic urothelial cancer

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2022年第1期8卷 579-606页

作者： Tomi Jun jonathan Anker Matthew D.Galsky Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology Tisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029USA Medical Sciences Sema4StamfordCT 06902USA

The treatment of metastatic urothelial cancer(mUC)has been transformed by recent progress in clinical trials and drug *** are now three therapeutic classes with proven benefits in mUC:chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and targeted *** optimal sequence and combination of these classes remain to be *** development is essential to guide treatment selection at each therapeutic *** biomarkers,programmed death-ligand 1 expression and fibroblast growth factor receptor alterations,have been incorporated into the mUC treatment paradigm thus *** review discusses predictive biomarkers in development and their potential to influence mUC treatment selection moving forward.

关键词： Metastatic urothelial cancer biomarkers immunotherapy chemotherapy targeted therapy antibody-drug conjugates

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