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Sexual dimorphism in cranial shape and size in geomyoid rodents:multivariate and evolutionary perspectives

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Current Zoology 2022年第4期68卷 469-487页

作者： jonathan j.m.calede Andrew Brown Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State University318 W.12th Ave.300 Aronoff LaboratoryColumbusOH 43210USA The Ohio State University at marion 1459 Mount Vernon AvenueMarionOH 43302USA College of Veterinary medicine Texas A&M University660 Raymond Stotzer PkwyCollege StationTX 77843USA

Geomyoid rodents provide a great study system for the analysis of sexual *** are polygynic and many inhabit harsh arid environments thought to promote sexual *** fact,there has been extensive work published on the sexual size dimorphism of individual populations and species within this rodent ***,little work has been undertaken to assess the evolutionary patterns and processes associated with this sexual *** use multivariate analyses of cranial measurements in a phylogenetic framework to determine the distribution of size and shape dimorphism among geomyoids and test for Rensch’s *** results suggest that sexual dimorphism is more common in geomyids than heteromyids,but it is not in fact *** is evidence for variation in sexual dimorphism across ***,in many taxa,geographic variation appears to overwhelm existing sexual *** find support for the repeated independent evolution of shape and size dimorphism across geomyoid taxa,but we do not find support for an association between size and shape *** is no evidence for Rensch’s rule in geomyoids,whether at the superfamily or family ***,our findings suggest that there is no single explanation for the evolution of sexual dimorphism in geomyoids and that,instead,it is the product of numerous evolutionary *** studies incorporating phylogenetic relationships will be necessary to paint a more complete picture of the evolution of sexual dimorphism in geomyoids.

关键词： Geomyidae Heteromyidae phylogenetic comparative methods morphometrics Rensch’s rule

metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir Anders Hagnestål Sagar m.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Becker jonathan L.Robinson jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

Recovery rates of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： jeremy P.Tervo Patricia T.jacobson Brandon j.Vilarello Tiana m.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam W.Gallagher joseph B.Gary David A.Gudis Paule V.joseph D.P.Devanand Terry E.Goldberg jonathan B.Overdevest Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:Persistent olfactory dysfunction(OD)following loss of smell associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major feature of long *** on the prevalence of persistent OD predominantly rely on self-reported olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting for evaluation of persistent OD beyond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aims to quantify the degree of persistent OD in post-COVID-19 patients who experience subjective and psychophysical ***:We grouped participants presenting for OD evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and psychophysical olfactory status at a baseline assessment and assessed their olfactory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year time *** had confirmed a history of COVID-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluation was not ***:Baseline olfactory evaluation was completed by 122 participants,53 of whom completed the 1-year follow-up *** participants presenting with perceived OD,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical OD at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self-rated versus psychophysically tested olfactory function at both time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identification(TDI)score improved by+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attributable to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persists in a significant number of patients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of smell after COVID-19,with many demonstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,but not discrimination or identification,most significantly mediate improvement

关键词： long COVID olfaction post-COVID condition smell dysfunction

mixed iridium-nickel oxides supported on antimony-doped tin oxide as highly efficient and stable acidic oxygen evolution catalysts

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materials Futures 2024年第1期3卷 165-180页

作者： jonathan Ruiz Esquius Alec P LaGrow Haiyan jin Zhipeng Yu Ana Araujo Rita marques Adélio mendes Lifeng Liu Clean Energy Cluster International Iberian Nanotechnology LaboratoryAv.Mestre JoséVeigaBraga 4715-330Portugal Carbon Science and Technology Institute INCAR-CSICFrancisco Pintado Fe 26Oviedo 33011Spain Scientific Imaging Section Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityKunigami-gunOkinawa 904-0412Japan Songshan Lake materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808People’s Republic of China Laboratory for Process Engineering EnvironmentBiotechnology and EnergyFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr Roberto FriasPorto 4200-465Portugal Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr Roberto FriasPorto 4200-465Portugal.

Proton exchange membrane(PEm)water electrolysis represents a promising technology for green hydrogen production,but its widespread deployment is greatly hindered by the indispensable usage of platinum group metal catalysts,especially iridium(Ir)based materials for the energy-demanding oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Herein,we report a new sequential precipitation approach to the synthesis of mixed Ir-nickel(Ni)oxy-hydroxide supported on antimony-doped tin oxide(ATO)nanoparticles(IrNiyO_(x)/ATO,20 wt.%(Ir+Ni),y=0,1,2,and 3),aiming to reduce the utilisation of scarce and precious Ir while maintaining its good acidic OER *** tested in strongly acidic electrolyte(0.1 m HClO_(4)),the optimised IrNi1Ox/ATO shows a mass activity of 1.0 mAµgIr^(−1) and a large turnover frequency of 123 s^(−1) at an overpotential of 350 mV,as well as a comparatively small Tafel slope of 50 mV dec^(−1),better than the IrOx/ATO control,particularly with a markedly reduced Ir loading of only 19.7µgIr cm^(−2).Importantly,IrNi1O_(x)/ATO also exhibits substantially better catalytic stability than other reference catalysts,able to continuously catalyse acidic OER at 10 mA cm^(−2) for 15 h without obvious *** in-situ synchrotron-based x-ray absorption spectroscopy confirmed that the Ir^(3+)/Ir^(4+)species are the active sites for the acidic ***,the performance of IrNi1Ox/ATO was also preliminarily evaluated in a membrane electrode assembly,which shows better activity and stability than other reference *** IrNi1Ox/ATO reported in this work is a promising alternative to commercial IrO_(2) based catalysts for PEm electrolysis.

关键词： mixed oxides oxygen evolution reaction polymer electrolyte membrane antimony doped tin oxide membrane electrode assembly

Fjord-Type AIEgens Based on Inherent Through-Space Conjugation

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第7期6卷 1739-1747页

作者： Ye-Qiang Han Yuan Xie jianyu Zhang Shiyu Tan Haoke Zhang Ben Zhong Tang jonathan L.Sessler Feihe Huang Stoddart Institute of molecular Science Department of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058 Zhejiang-Israel joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional materials ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215 mOE Key Laboratory of macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058 Center for AIE Research College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518061 Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 999077 School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen(CUHK-Shenzhen)Guangzhou 518172 Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at AustinAustinTexas 78712-1224 Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001

Through-space conjugation(TSC)is a noncovalently electronic interaction that is emerging as a potential complement to through-bond conjugation(TBC)-based strategies for constructing luminescent ***,the design of efficient luminogens based on TSC is currently challenging due to a lack of established structure-property *** is particularly true in the case of luminogens displaying aggregation-induced emission(AIE)*** this work,three terphenyl derivatives were prepared,and their photophysical properties were systemically *** was found that relative to the corresponding m-and p-linked analogues,the electronic interaction of TBC is weakened while the strength of TSC is commensurately enhanced in the constitutional isomer containing an o-linked fjordtype *** this set of luminogens,the presence of a fjord-type arrangement promotes a transformation from aggregation-caused quenching to *** investigations involving congeneric quaterphenyl and pentphenyl isomers support the universality of the fjord-type unit as a framework for synthesizing AIE-active luminogens(AIEgens)with inherent *** work not only provides a novel set of AIEgens but also establishes the utility of TSC in controlling the photophysical properties of nonconventional and twisted luminogens.

关键词： fjord-type through-space conjugation through-bond conjugation aggregation-induced emission luminescence twisted conformation

A new class of crystalline X-ray induced photochromic materials assembled from anion-directed folding of a flexible cation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 554-557页

作者： Hong-jin Liao Zhu Zhuo Qing Li Yoshihito Shiota jonathan P.Hill Katsuhiko Ariga Zi-Xiu Lu Lu-Yao Liu Zi-Ang Nan Wei Wang You-Gui Huang CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China College of Chemistry and materials Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstitutesChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108China Institute for materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan World Premier International(WPI)Center for materials Nanoarchitectonics(mANA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)Ibaraki 305-0044Japan

Electron-deficient viologens are widely used as ligands or structure-directing agents(SDAs)to synthesize crystalline X-ray induced photochromic ***,a new rational strategy of anion-directed fold-ing a flexible cation(H_(2)imb)^(2+)((H_(2)imb)^(2+)=di-protonated 2,3-bis(imidazolin-2-yl)-2,3-dimethylbutane)has been ***-donating Cl−and(ZnCl4)2−are used to direct folding a flexible electron-deficient(H_(2)imb)^(2+)*** complexes(H_(2)imb)(NO_(3))2(1),(H_(2)imb)Cl2·H_(2)O(2),and(H_(2)imb)ZnCl4(3)have been synthesized in which(H_(2)imb)^(2+)crystallize in an anti-conformation,88.8°-gauche,and 51.8°-gauche,*** contrary to X-ray silent complex 1,X-ray induced photochromism has been achieved in both complex 2 and *** intermolecular charge-transfer mechanism has been elucidated and the anion directed folding of(H_(2)imb)^(2+)has been validated to be critical to yield colored long-lived charge-separated states.

关键词： Supramolecular Photochromic X-ray induced Anion-directed folding Electron-deficient viologens

Encapsulated Fe(IV)molecular Complex for Photoacoustic Imaging

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1184-1197页

作者： Ye Xu Chao Li Zhong-Yu Yu jiamin Wang Zhaoyang Liu Chao jiang Zhen-Feng Chen Xiaoyu Wu ming-Xing Li Hong Yang Zhao-Xi Wang jonathan L.Sessler Department of Chemistry Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and CatalysisInnovative Drug Research CenterShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444 College of Chemistry and materials Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional MaterialsShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic CatalysisShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234 Sijing Community Health Service Center of Songjiang District Shanghai 201601 Key Laboratory for Chemistry and molecular Engineering of medicinal Resources Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004 Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at AustinAustinTexas 78712-1224

stable neutral Fe(IV)complex(Fe-HDCL),readily accessible on the g scale,was found to possess high water solubility and good stability(<5%degradation over 4 h upon photoirradiation).Fe-HDCL is green and absorbs light e... 详细信息

stable neutral Fe(IV)complex(Fe-HDCL),readily accessible on the g scale,was found to possess high water solubility and good stability(m)with aλmax at 650 nm(ɛ=7830 m^(−1)cm^(−1)).Fe-HDCL also exhibits photothermal(PT)behavior comparable to single-wall carbon nanotubes in the solid *** aqueous solution,high PT conversion(η=72.6%)is achieved,and a strong hyperthermia-based inhibition of cell growth is observed upon subjecting Fe-HDCL to near-infrared 730 nm laser *** biological studies in vitro and in vivo confirmed that Fe-HDCL is biocompatible,clears readily,and allows the visual detection of blood *** subjecting mice to intravenous injection at low doses(e.g.,50μmol·kg^(−1)),Fe-HDCL also permits the photoacoustic(PA)imaging of kidneys and the evaluation of renal fibrosis in mouse *** addition,Fe-HDCL allows PA-based imaging of brain tissues,presumably reflecting its ability to pass through the blood-brain *** thus propose that Fe-HDCL has a role to play as PT agent and as a photodiagnostic.

关键词： stable Fe(IV)complex blood-brain barrier molecular cage photoacoustic imaging renal fibrosis

Capsule endoscopy in suspected small bowel Crohn's disease:Economic impact of disease diagnosis and treatment

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第45期15卷 5685-5692页

作者： jonathan A Leighton Ian m Gralnek Randel E Richner michael j Lacey Frank j Papatheofanis Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic ScottsdaleAZ 85259United States Rappaport Faculty of medicine Technion-Israel Institute of Technology GI Outcomes Unit Departments of Gastroenterology and Ambulatory Care Services Rambam Health Care Campus The Neocure Group SherbornMA 01770 United States Division of Health Policy Departments of Radiology and Economics University of California San DiegoSan Diego CA 92103United States

AIm: To model clinical and economic benef its of capsule endoscopy (CE) compared to ileo-colonoscopy and small bowel follow-through (SBFT) for evaluation of suspected Crohn’s disease (CD). mETHODS: Using decision analytic modeling, total and yearly costs of diagnostic work-up for suspected CD were calculated, including procedure-related adverse events, hospitalizations, off ice visits, and medications. The model compared CE to SBFT following ileo-colonoscopy and secondarily compared CE to SBFT for initial evaluation. RESULTS: Aggregate charges for newly diagnosed, medically managed patients are approximately $8295. Patients requiring aggressive medical management costs are $29 508; requiring hospitalization, $49 074. At sensitivity > 98.7% and specifi city of > 86.4%, CE is less costly than SBFT. CONCLUSION: Costs of CE for diagnostic evaluationof suspected CD is comparable to SBFT and may be used immediately following ileo-colonoscopy.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Costs Crohn's disease Disease management

mind the “Gap”: A Comparison of the Weekly Training Loads of English Premier League Academy Soccer Players in Under 23, Under 18 and Under 16 Age-Groups

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journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第1期5卷 34-43页

作者： jonathan m.Taylor jonathan L.madden Frances Hunter Ben j.Thorne Shaun j.mcLaren School of Health and Life Sciences Teesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK Leeds United Football Club LeedsUK middlesbrough Football Club MiddlesbroughUK Hintsa Performance LondonUK Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences Durham UniversityDurhamUK

Purpose The transition into full-time training represents a key period in the development of young soccer *** we compared the weekly training loads(matches,field-,and resistance-training)of English Premier-League Academy soccer players from under-16(U16),under-18(U18)and under-23(U23)age-groups during a training *** Forty players(U16 n=13,U18 n=15 and U23 n=12)were monitored using global navigation satellite systems and differential ratings of perceived exertion(dRPE).External load metrics were total distance,high-speed running distance,[absolute:≥19.8 km/h,relative:≥87%of 30-15 final-velocity(vIFT)],sprint distance(absolute:≥25.2 km/h,relative:≥80%maximal sprint speed),and dynamic stress *** load metrics were dRPE training *** Other than relative sprint distance,overall weekly external training loads were substantially greater for U18s and U23s when compared with U16s[effect size range:1.09-1.99(moderate to large);±90%confidence limits~0.45].When compared with U16s,overall internal loads were substantially greater for U18s[0.69-0.95(moderate);±~0.40],but not *** in weekly training loads between U18s and U23s were *** Substantial differences in training loads between elite U16 players and their older counterparts,indicates the need for planned increases in training loads in anticipation of the transition into full-time training.

关键词： Team-sports RPE LTAD Individualised training Training load