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An Electro-Mechanical Controller for Adjusting Piston Pump Stroke On-the-Go for Site-Specific Application of Crop Nutrients

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 949-959页

作者： Ali Mirzakhani Nafchi Joe Mari Maja Ahmad Khalilian Young Han Nicholas Rogers Jose O. Payero Michael W. Marshall Phillip B. Williams jonathan fox Department of Agricultural Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Edisto Research and Education Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA

Nutrient application systems are designed to apply a relatively uniform amount of a fertilizer to agricultural fields. However, considerable variation in soil texture and other characteristics often occurs within and across production fields, which could have a major impact on fertilizer management strategies. Therefore, uniform application of a fertilizer over the entire field can be both costly and environmentally unsound. Due to their rugged and fool-proof design, crankshaft type piston pumps are widely used in agriculture. The on-the-go outlet flow of these pumps can only be varied by changing the drive shaft speed for each pump stroke setting. But only a limited range of flow rates can be achieved by changing the drive shaft speed. There is a need for an electronic controller, which can adjust the pump stroke on-the-go, for real-time, variable-rate application of crop nutrients. The Clemson “Electro-me-chanical controller for adjusting pump stroke on-the-go” was designed to replace the current manual stroke adjustment system on positive displacement piston pumps. This affordable system can be retrofitted on most John Blue - piston pumps for real-time adjustment of the pump stroke and can be controlled using pre-described position sequences (map-based) or real-time sensor commands (such as optical, pressure, and flow sensors) combined with fertilizer calculation algorithms. In addition, it can adjust pump stroke manually, using an eclectic dial from the tractor’s cab.

关键词： Electro-Mechanical Controller Metering Piston Pumps Nutrient Management Precision Agriculture Pump Stroke

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Real-Time, Variable-Depth Tillage for Managing Soil Compaction in Cotton Production

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2018年第6期8卷 147-161页

作者： jonathan W. fox Ahmad Khalilian Young J. Han Phillip B. Williams Ali Mirzakhani Nafchi Joe Mari Maja Michael W. Marshall Edward M. Barnes Department of Agricultural Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Edisto Research and Education Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA Cotton Incorporated Cary NC USA

Cotton root growth is often hindered in the Southeastern U.S. due to the presence of root-restricting soil layers. Tillage must be used to temporarily remove this compacted soil layer to allow root growth to depths needed to sustain plants during periods of drought. However, the use of a uniform depth of tillage may be an inefficient use of energy due to the varying depth of this root-restricting layer. Therefore, the objective of this project was to develop and test equipment for controlling tillage depth “on-the-go” to match the soil physical parameters, and to determine the effects of site-specific tillage on soil physical properties, energy requirements, and plant responses in cotton production. Site-specific tillage operations reduced fuel consumption by 45% compared to conventional constant-depth tillage. Only 20% of the test field required tillage at recommended depth of 38-cm deep for Coastal Plain soils. Cotton taproot length in the variable-depth tillage plots was 96% longer than those in the no-till plots (39 vs. 19.8 cm). Statistically, there was no difference in cotton lint yield between conventional and the variable-depth tillage. Deep tillage (conventional or variable-rate) increased cotton lint yields by 20% compared to no-till.

关键词： Variable-Rate Tillage Cotton Soil Compaction Precision Agriculture Energy

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在临床实践中如何测定肾功能

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英国医学杂志中文版 2007年第1期10卷 28-32页

作者： Jamie Traynor Robert Mactier Colin C Geddes jonathan G fox 隋准（译）赵明辉（校） Renal Unit Western InfirmaryGlasgow Gll 6NT Renal Unit Glasgow RoyalInfirmary

本文要点构成慢性肾脏病分期的基础是估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)当 eGFR 在60～89ml/min/1.73m^2之间,但缺乏其他肾脏疾病证据时,并不代表有慢性肾脏疾病,也不需要进一步检查慢性肾病患者罹患心血管疾病的风险升高基于"4-vMDBD"公式的 eGFR... 详细信息

本文要点构成慢性肾脏病分期的基础是估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)当 eGFR 在60～89ml/min/1.73m^2之间,但缺乏其他肾脏疾病证据时,并不代表有慢性肾脏疾病,也不需要进一步检查慢性肾病患者罹患心血管疾病的风险升高基于"4-vMDBD"公式的 eGFR 和血肌酐一样,已经成为生化实验室常规报告的指标(除了那些未经验证的患者人群)eGFR 或血肌酐水平可以用于监测患者个体肾功能的变化正规的 GFR 检测主要用于对潜在的肾移植供者的肾功能进行准确评价和研究放射性同位素或碘造影剂需要多份血标本,如果肾功能下降。

关键词：临床实践肾功能测定方慢性肾脏病肾小球滤过率排泄功能常规报告发病风险

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国企的大肥肉外资抢不到太多了

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商业周刊（中文版） 2014年第20期 34-34页

作者： jonathan Browning fox Hu

这一次，中国政府将确保国内买家获得最大的机会许多中国企业不再需要外国大公司的批准图章来证明自己的实力当中国上次在10年前向外界开放国企时，高盛集团等外国投资者获得数十亿美元的意外之财。

关键词：中国企业外国投资者外资中国政府高盛集团肉大公司买家

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Activation of the cGMP/protein kinase G system in breast cancer by the dopamine receptor-1

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第4期2卷 933-947页

作者： Nira Ben-jonathan Dana C.Borcherding Sejal fox Eric R.Hugo Department of Cancer Biology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45267USA

Despite recent advances in the detection and treatment of breast cancer,many shortcomings remain,providing incentives to search for new therapeutic *** review provides information on the expression and actions of dopamine receptor-1(D1R)in breast cancer.D1R is overexpressed in a significant number of primary breast tumors,characterized by having an aggressive phenotype and predicting a shorter survival time for *** of D1R in breast cancer cells by selective agonists caused suppression of cell viability,stimulation of apoptosis,inhibition of cell invasion,and an increase in *** of being linked to the cAMP/PKA system as expected,D1R in breast cancer is linked to the activation of the cGMP/protein kinase G(PKG)***,a peripheral D1R agonist that does not penetrate the brain,dramatically suppressed the growth of breast cancer xenografts in immune-deficient mice.A new imaging system for detecting D1R-expressing tumors and metastases was also *** review offers a novel concept that D1R can serve as a biomarker for prognosis in advanced breast cancer and its agonists can be used as effective and personalized therapeutics in a subpopulation of patients with D1R-expressing breast *** drugs,some of which are FDA-approved,that bypass the D1R and directly activate the cGMP/PKG apoptotic system,are also identified.

关键词： Dopamine receptor-1 cGMP protein kinase G phosphodiesterase 5 xenografts breast cancer

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Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheet dispersions [Invited]

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Photonics Research 2015年第2期3卷 51-55页

作者： Gaozhong Wang Saifeng Zhang Xiaoyan Zhang Long Zhang Ya Cheng Daniel fox Hongzhou Zhang jonathan N.Coleman Werner J.Blau Jun Wang Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and the Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) Trinity College Dublin State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Liquid-phase-exfoliation technology was utilized to prepare layered MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 nanosheets in cyclohexylpyrrolidone. The nonlinear optical response of these nanosheets in dispersions was investigated by observing spatial self-phase modulation（SSPM） using a 488 nm continuous wave laser beam. The diffraction ring patterns of SSPM were found to be distorted along the vertical direction right after the laser traversing the nanosheet dispersions. The nonlinear refractive index of the three transition metal dichalcogenides dispersions n2 was measured to be 10-7cm2W-1, and the third-order nonlinear susceptibility χ（3）10-9 esu. The relative change of effective nonlinear refractive index Δn2e∕n（2e） of the MoS2, WS2, and MoSe2 dispersions can be modulated 0.012–0.240, 0.029–0.154, and 0.091–0.304, respectively, by changing the incident intensities. Our experimental results imply novel potential application of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides in nonlinear phase modulation devices.

关键词： Mo show exp Tunable nonlinear refractive index of two-dimensional MoS2 WS2

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Evaluation of a point of care ultrasound curriculum for Indonesian physicians taught by fi rst-year medical students

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第4期8卷 281-286页

作者： jonathan B.Lee Christina Tse Thomas Keown Michael Louthan Christopher Gabriel Alexander Anshus Bima Hasjim Katrina Lee Esther Kim Luke Yu Allen Yu Shadi Lahham Steven Bunch Maili Alvarado Abdulatif Gari John C.fox School of Medicine University of CaliforniaIrvineUSA Department of Emergency Medicine University of CaliforniaIrvineOrangeCalifornia 92868USA

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the short-term efficacy of a 4-week ultrasound curriculum taught by American first-year medical students to general practitioners working in public health care clinics, or puskesmas, in Bandung, ***: We performed a prospective, observational study of Indonesian health care practitioners from public clinics in Bandung, Indonesia. These practitioners were enrolled in a 4-week ultrasound training course taught by first-year American medical students. A total of six sessions were held comprising of 38 ultrasound milestones. A pre-course and post-course written exam and practical exam was taken by each ***: We enrolled 41 clinicians in the course. The average pre-course exam score was 35.2% with a 2.4% pass rate, whereas the average post-course exam score was 82.0% with a 92.7% pass rate. The average practical score at the completion of the course was 83.2%(SD=0.145) with 82.9% of the class passing(score above 75.0%).CONCLUSION: Our data suggests that first-year medical students can effectively teach ultrasound to physicians in Indonesia using a 4-week intensive ultrasound training course. Future studies are needed to determine the amount of training required for proficiency and to evaluate the physicians' perceptions of the student-instructors' depth of knowledge and skill in point of care ultrasound.

关键词： Ultrasound education Ultrasound teaching Indonesia

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Comparison of ultrasound-measured properties of the common carotid artery to tobacco smoke exposure in a cohort of Indonesian patients

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第3期8卷 177-183页

作者： Allen R.Yu Bima Hasjim Luke E.Yu Christopher Gabriel Alexander Anshus jonathan B.Lee Michael J. Louthan Esther C.Kim Katrina Lee Christina Tse Thomas Keown Shadi Lahham Maili Alvarado Steven Bunch Abdulatif Gari J.Christian fox School of Medicine University of California Department of Emergency Medicine University of California

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to use point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS) to investigate the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and the characteristics of the common carotid artery(CCA). The effect of both primary and secondary smoking on CCA properties was ***: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study across 20 primary care clinics in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia in July 2016. Point of care ultrasound was performed on a convenience sample of Indonesian patients presenting to clinic. The CCA wall stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT) were measured during diastole and systole. These measurements were correlated with smoke exposure and cardiovascular ***: We enrolled 663 patients in the study, with 426 patients enrolled in the smoking category and 237 patients enrolled in the second-hand smoke category. There was an overall positive correlation with the measured lifestyle factors and the ultrasound-measured variables in the group of individuals who smoked. For all variables, age seemed to contribute the most out of all of the lifestyle factors for the positive changes in CIMT and CCA wall ***: Our data yielded correlations between CCA properties and cardiovascular risk, as well as between CIMT and arterial stiffness. We were also able to demonstrate an increase in thickness of the CIMT in patients who have been exposed by tobacco through the use of ultrasound. Further large scale studies comparing patients with multiple cardiac risk factors need to be performed to confi rm the utility of ultrasound fi ndings of cardiovascular disease and stroke.

关键词： Carotid artery thickness Point of care ultrasound Indonesia Intimal thickness

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Pakl mediates the stimulatory effect of insulin and curcumin on hepatic ChREBP expression

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2017年第5期9卷 384-394页

作者： Kejing Zeng Lili Tian Adam Sirek Weijuan Shao Ling Liu Yu-Ting Chiang jonathan Chernoff Dominic S. Ng Jianping Weng Tianru Jin Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology Guangzhou 510630 china Toronto General Research Institutes University Health Network Toronto M56 1L7 Canada Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto MSS 1A8 Canada Cancer Biology Program Fox Chase Cancer Center PhiLadelphia PA 19111-2497 USA Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute Department of Medicine St. Michael's Hospital Toronto MSB lW8 Canada

Insulin can stimulate hepatic expression of carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein （ChREBP）. As recent studies revealed potential metabolic beneficial effects of ChREBP, we asked whether its expression can also be regulated by the dietary polyphenoi curcumin. We also aimed to determine mechanisms underlying ChREBP stimulation by insulin and curcumin. The effect of insulin on ChREBP expression was assessed in mouse hepatocytes, while the effect of curcumin was assessed in mouse hepatocytes and with curcumin garage in mice. Chemical inhibitors for insulin signaling molecules were utilized to identify involved signaling molecules, and the involvement of p21-activated protein kinase 1 （Pakl） was determined with its chemical inhibitor and Pokl-/- hepatocytes. We found that both insulin and curcumin-stimulated ChREBP expression in Akt-independent but MEK/ERK-dependent manner, involving the inactivation of the transcriptional repressor Oct-1. Aged Pokl-/- mice showed reduced body fat volume. Pakl inhibition or its genetic deletion attenuated the stimulatory effect of insulin or curcumin on ChREBP expression. Our study hence suggests the existence of a novel signaling cascade Pakl/MEK/ERK/Oct-1 for both insulin and curcumin in exerting their glucose-lowering effect via promoting hepatic ChREBP production, supports the recognition of beneficial functions of ChREBP, and brings us a new overview on dietary polyphenols.

关键词： Akt ChREBP curcumin dietary polypheno[ intervention insulin Oct-l Pakl

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Impact of antibiotics on smell dysfunction

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2018年第1期4卷 33-38页

作者： Jing-Jie Wang jonathan Chen Richard L. Doty Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Department of Otolaryngology Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichungTaiwanChina Smell and Taste Center Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck SurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Objective: Viral or bacterial respiratory infections can cause long-lasting olfactory dysfunction. Antibiotic therapy is indicated in severe cases; however, it is unclear whether antibiotic use produces a positive, negative, or null effect on olfactory function. This retro-spective study sought to determine whether antibiotic use has an influence on odor identifica-tion and detection threshold test scores of patients with smell dysfunction secondary to upper respiratory infections (URIs), lower respiratory infections (LRIs), or rhinosinusitis. Methods: Data from a total of 288 patients presenting to the University of Pennsylvania Smell and Taste Center were evaluated. Results: Patients with a URI etiology who had taken bactericidal antibiotics had lower detec-tion thresholds than did patients who had not taken antibiotics (P < 0.023; analysis of covari-ance with age and time since infection onset as covariates). Moreover, thresholds were lower for bactericidal antibiotic users than for bacteriostatic antibiotic users with either URI (P = 0.023) or rhinosinusitis (P = 0.028) etiologies. No meaningful influences of antibiotics on the odor identification test scores were evident. Conclusions: These findings, which need to be confirmed in prospective double-blind studies, suggest that bactericidal antibiotic therapy may be beneficial in mitigating, at least to some degree, chronic decrements in smell sensitivity due to URIs and rhinosinusitis.

关键词： Antibiotics Rhinosinusitis Viruses Bacteria Olfaction

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