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Pregnancy Craving and Pica: 60 Years Later

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第8期10卷 1079-1085页

作者： jonathan D. Baum erin e. Curcio Sarah e. Goodheart Jersey Shore University Medical Center Neptune NJ USA

Purpose: To study pregnancy craving and pica in a cohort of women and compare our findings to a historic study. Methods: Prospective survey of women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Data were collected using the same questionnaire from a study published in Obstetrics and Gynecology in 1957. All surveys were conducted by clinicians at 35 0/7-41 6/7 weeks gestational age. High risk pregnancies were excluded. Results: We included 547 women in the analysis. Of those, 60.8% reported food craving vs 65.7% in the 1957 cohort, p-value 0.09. The most common food craving was fruit, seen in 31.1% vs 13.6%, p-value p-value 0.00001. The cohorts differed in fruit craving, (31.1% vs 13.6%), meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts (21.0% vs 5.0%), milk, yogurt, and cheese, (17.0% vs 2.2%) and vegetable, (14.1% vs 6.9%), all with p-value e="font-family:V

关键词： Pregnancy Craving Pica

Reliability of Chinese web-based ocular surface disease index questionnaire in dry eye patients:a randomized,crossover study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(english edition) 2021年第6期14卷 834-843页

作者： Xin-Mei Zhang Lan-Ting Yang Qing Zhang Qing-Xia Fan Can Zhang Yue You Chen-Guang Zhang Tie-Zhu Lin Ling Xu Salissou Moutari jonathan e.Moore emmanuel e.Pazo Wei He Department of Ophthalmology He Eye Specialists HospitalShenyang 110034Liaoning ProvinceChina The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian 116000Liaoning ProvinceChina School of Mathematics and Physics Queens University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfastNorthern Ireland BT7 INNUnited Kingdom Cathedral eye Clinic 89-91 Academy StreetBelfastNorthern Ireland BT12LSUnited Kingdom Biomedical Sciences Research Institute University of UlsterColeraineNorthern Ireland BT52 ISAUnited Kingdom

AIM:To assess the reliability of web-based version of ocular surface disease index in Chinese(C-OSDI)on clinically diagnosed dry eye disease(De)***:A total of 254 Chinese participants(51%male,129/254;mean age:27.90±9.06 y)with DeD completed paper-and web-based versions of C-OSDI questionnaires in a randomized crossover *** examination and DeD diagnosis were performed prior to the participants being invited to join the *** were randomly designated to either group A(paper-based first and webbased second)or group B(web-based first and paper-based second).Final data analysis included participants that had successfully completed both versions of the *** characteristics,test-retest reliability,and agreement of individual items,subscales,and total score were evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC),Spearman rank correlation,Wilcoxon test and Rasch ***:Reliability indexes were adequate,Pearson correlation was greater than 0.8 and ICCs range was 0.827 to 0.982;total C-OSDI score was not statistically different between the two *** values of mean-squares fit statistics were very low compared to 1,indicating that the responses to the items by the model had a high degree of *** comparing the favorability 72%(182/254)of the participants preferred web-based ***:Web-based C-OSDI is reliable in assessing DeD and correlation with the paper-based version is significant in all subscales and overall total *** C-OSDI can be administered to assess individuals with DeD as participants predominantly favored online assessment.

关键词： dry eye disease ocular surface disease index Rasch analysis test-retest reliability web-based questionnaire

Assessment of Nutritional Status and Associated Factors in Infants Aged 6 to 23 Months in Rural Burundi

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1269-1280页

作者： Michel Baseka jonathan Niyukuri Alice Ndayishimiye Sedki Az-eddine Ferdinand Ndikuryayo Vestine Ntakarutimana Ph.D. Student in Health Nutrition Doctoral School University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Food Science and Technology Research Center (CRSTA) Department of Food Science and Technology (STA) Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering (FABI) University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi east African Nutritional Sciences Institute Bujumbura Burundi Faculty of Medecine University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco Centre Universitaire de Recherche et de Pédagogie Appliquées aux Sciences Laboratoire de Nutrition-Phytochimie d’Ecologie et Envi-ronnement Appliqués Institut de Pédagogie Appliquée Université du Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Center of Research in Natural and environmental Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi

This study was carried out in the Health districts of Kayanza and Gahombo. Its aim was to assess the nutritional status and associated factors of infants aged between 6 and 23 months. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the health centers of the action zone during medical consultations in community medicine from 13 to 22 February 2023. For this purpose, 53.0% of a sample of 398 mothers of infants aged 6 - 23 months were male, and the most represented age group was 12 - 23 months with 53.8%. Mothers were asked about the diet of their children. All the children involved in this study were vaccinated, whereas 99.2% were given vitamin A supplements. The most frequent illnesses in this age group were acute respiratory infection (ARI) (73.4%), fever (66.6%), diarrhea (53.8%), and vomiting (40.5%). Analysis of nutritional status showed that infants had severe (8.3%) and moderate (70.4%) acute malnutrition. Factors associated with infant nutritional status comprised the occupation of mother (P = 0.009), level of education of mother (P = 0.0625), and prolonged diarrhea (P = 0.004). To remedy this problem, concrete nutritional and educational interventions are needed to promote optimal infant nutrition during the first two years of life.

关键词： Nutritional Status Infant Complementary Feeding Burundi

A Malvaceae mystery: A mallow maelstrom of genome multiplications and maybe misleading methods?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第1期61卷 12-31页

作者： Justin L.Conover Nisa Karimi Noah Stenz Cecile Ane Corrinne e.Grover Cynthia Skema Jennifer A.Tate Kirsten Wolff Samuel A.Logan jonathan F.Wendel David A.Baum Department of ecology Evolutionand Organismal BiologyIowa State University Department of Botany University of Wisconsin Madison Department of Statistics University of Wisconsin Madison Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania Institute of Fundamental Sciences Massey University School of Natural and environmental Sciences Newcastle University Wisconsin Institute for Discovery

Previous research suggests that Gossypium has undergone a 5-to 6-fold multiplication following its divergence from Theobroma. However, the number of events, or where they occurred in the Malvaceae phylogeny remains unknown. We analyzed transcriptomic and genomic data from representatives of eight of the nine Malvaceae subfamilies. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear data placed Dombeya(Dombeyoideae) as sister to the rest of Malvadendrina clade, but the plastid DNA tree strongly supported Durio(Helicteroideae) in this position. Intraspecific Ks plots indicated that all sampled taxa, except Theobroma(Byttnerioideae), Corchorus(Grewioideae), and Dombeya(Dombeyoideae), have experienced whole genome multiplications(WGMs). Quartet analysis suggested WGMs were shared by Malvoideae-Bombacoideae and Sterculioideae-Tilioideae, but did not resolve whether these are shared with each other or Helicteroideae(Durio).Gene tree reconciliation and Bayesian concordance analysis suggested a complex history. Alternative hypotheses are suggested, each involving two independent autotetraploid and one allopolyploid event. They differ in that one entails an allopolyploid origin for the Durio lineage,whereas the other invokes an allopolyploid origin for Malvoideae-Bombacoideae. We highlight the need for more genomic information in the Malvaceae and improved methods to resolve complex evolutionary histories that may include allopolyploidy, incomplete lineage sorting, and variable rates of gene and genome evolution.

关键词： research data

The hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone over Cu–ZrO2 catalysts prepared by a pH-gradient methodology

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2019年第9期28卷 15-24页

作者： Igor Orlowski Mark Douthwaite Sarwat Iqbal James S.Hayward Thomas e.Davies jonathan K.Bartley Peter J.Miedziak Jun Hirayama David J.Morgan David J.Willock Graham J.Hutchings Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK School of Chemistry Joseph Bank Laboratories Beevor St University of LincolnLincoln LN6 7DL UK School of Applied Sciences University of South WalesPontypridd CF37 4AT UK Institute for Catalysis Hokkaido UniversitySapporo Hokkaido 001-0021 Japan

A novel pH gradient methodology was used to synthesise a series of Cu–ZrO2 catalysts containing different quantities of Cu and *** of the catalysts were highly selective to the desired product,γ-valerolactone, and are considerably more stable than Cu–ZrO2 catalysts prepared by other co-precipitation methods for this *** and further investigation of these catalysts by XRD, BeT, SeM and XPS provided insight into the nature of the catalytic active site and the physicochemical properties that lead to catalyst *** consider the active site to be the interface between Cu/CuOxand ZrOx and that lattice Cu species assist with the dispersion of surface Cu through the promotion of a strong metal support *** enhanced understanding of the active site and roles of lattice and surface Cu will assist with future catalyst *** such, we conclude that the activity of Cu–ZrO2 catalysts in this reaction is dictated by the quantity of Cu–Zr interface sites.

关键词： Cu–ZrO2 Hydrogenation Levulinic acid γ-Valerolactone

Origin of major ions in monthly rainfall events at the Bamenda Highlands, North West Cameroon

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 801-809页

作者： Mengnjo J. Wirmvem Takeshi Ohba Wilson Y. Fantong Samuel N. Ayonghe jonathan N. Hogarh Justice Y. Suila Asobo Nkengmatia e. Asaah Seigo Ooki Gregory Tanyileke Joseph V. Hell Department of Chemistry School of Science Tokai University Hiratsuka 259-1211 Japan Institute of Geological and Mining Research Yaounde Cameroon Department of environmental Science Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of environmental Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology Kumasi Ghana G.B.H.S. Atiela Nkwen Bamenda Cameroon Department of earth and Planetary Sciences Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8551 Japan

Rainwater characteristics can reveal emissions from various anthropogenic and natural sources into the atmosphere. The physico-chemical characteristics of 44 monthly rainfall events （collected between January and December 2012） from 4 weather stations （Bamenda, Ndop plain, Ndawara and Kumbo） in the Bamenda Highlands （BH） were investigated. The purpose was to determine the sources of chemical species, their seasonal inputs and suitability of the rainwater for drinking. The mean pH of 5 indicated the slightly acidic nature of the rainwater. Average total dissolved solids （TDS） were low （6.7 mg/L）, characteristic of unpolluted atmospheric moisture/air. Major ion concentrations （mg/L） were low and in the order K＋〉 Ca2＋〉 Mg2~ 〉 Na＋ for cations and NO3 〉〉 HCO3 〉 SO] 〉 CI- 〉 PO3- 〉 F- for anions. The average rainwater in the area was mixed Ca-Mg-SO4-CI water type. The CI-/Na＋ ratio （1.04） was comparable to that of seawater （1.16）, an indication that N a＋ and CI originated mainly from marine （Atlantic Ocean） aerosols. High enrichments of Ca2＋, Mg2＋ and SO2- to Na＋ ratios relative to seawater ratios （constituting 44% of the total ions） demonstrated their terrigenous origin, mainly from Saharan and Sahelian arid dusts. The K＋/Na＋ ratio （2.24）, which was similar to tropical vegetation ash （2.38）, and NO3 was essentially from biomass burning. Light （〈 100 mm） pre-monsoon and post-monsoon convective rains were enriched in major ions than the heavy （〉 100 mm） monsoon rains, indicating a high contribution of major ions during the low convective showers. Despite the acidic nature, the TDS and major ion concentrations classified the rainwater as potable based on the WHO guidelines.

关键词： rainwater chemistry tropical atmosphere drinking-water Bamenda Highlands Cameroon

Advanced biomedical hydrogels:molecular architecture and its impact on medical applications

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2021年第6期8卷 297-317页

作者： jonathan T.Peters Marissa e.Wechsler Nicholas A.Peppas McKetta Department of Chemical engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustin200 E.Dean KeetonAustinTX 78712USA Institute for Biomaterials Drug Deliveryand Regenerative MedicineThe University of Texas at Austin107 W.Dean KeetonAustinTX 78712USA Department of Biomedical engineering and Chemical engineering The University of Texas at San AntonioOne UTSA CircleSan AntonioTX78249USA Department of Biomedical engineering The University of Texas at Austin107 W.Dean KeetonAustinTX 78712USA Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery College of PharmacyThe University of Texas at Austin107 W.Dean KeetonAustinTX 78712USA Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care and Department of PediatricsDell Medical SchoolThe University of Texas at Austin1601 Trinity St.Bldg.BAustinTX 78712USA

Hydrogels are cross-linked polymeric networks swollen in water,physiological aqueous solutions or biological *** are synthesized by a wide range of polymerization methods that allow for the introduction of linear and branched units with specific molecular *** addition,they can be tuned to exhibit desirable chemical characteristics including hydrophilicity or *** synthesized hydrogels can be anionic,cationic,or amphiphilic and can contain multifunctional crosslinks,junctions or tie *** these characteristics,hydrogels exhibit compatibility with biological systems,and can be synthesized to render systems that swell or collapse in response to external *** versatility and compatibility have led to better understanding of how the hydrogel’s molecular architecture will affect their physicochemical,mechanical and biological *** present a critical summary of the main methods to synthesize hydrogels,which define their architecture,and advanced structural characteristics for macromolecular/biological applications.

关键词： hydrogels networks mesh size hydrogel reactions biological applications biomedical applications

尼日利亚热带雨林池塘中茄氏旗鳉的食性(英文)

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动物学报 2006年第4期52卷 669-675页

作者： Bassey e.AKPAN Richard P.KING Goodluck e.jonathan Department of Zoology University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria Centre for Wetlands and Waste Management Studies University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria Government House Bayelsa State Nigeria

本文逐月研究了尼日利亚Mfangmfangpond中茄氏旗鳉全年的食性。其食谱按优势多寡出现的次序分别是陆生无脊椎动物、大型植物、水生无脊椎动物、小型甲壳动物、沙粒和藻类。我们将膜翅目、鞘翅目和双翅目昆虫作为其食性的次级项,而全年... 详细信息

本文逐月研究了尼日利亚Mfangmfangpond中茄氏旗鳉全年的食性。其食谱按优势多寡出现的次序分别是陆生无脊椎动物、大型植物、水生无脊椎动物、小型甲壳动物、沙粒和藻类。我们将膜翅目、鞘翅目和双翅目昆虫作为其食性的次级项,而全年都出现的有机体碎屑作为初级项。雄鱼较雌鱼捕食了更多的陆生无脊椎动物。茄氏旗在雨季有16项食物组成,但旱季只有7项。就相对重要性而言,陆生和水生无脊椎动物在旱季更大,而大型植物碎屑、小型甲壳动物、沙粒和藻类则在雨季更大。成鱼较幼鱼更多地以外源性无脊椎动物为食。雌鱼较雄鱼有更强的觅食能力;同样,成鱼较幼鱼的觅食能力强得多.

关键词：鳉鱼非洲胃含物雨林鱼类

Consistent differences in foraging behavior in 2 sympatric harvester ant species may facilitate coexistence

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Current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 653-661页

作者： Maya SAAR Aziz SUBACH Illan ReATO Tal LIBeR jonathan N. PRUlTT Inon SCHARF Department of Zoology Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel and bDepartment of Ecology Evolution Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

The co-occurrence of 2 similar species depends on their ability to occupy different ecological niches. Here, we compared the consistency of different aspects of foraging behavior in 2 co-occurring harvester ant species ( and ), under field conditions. The 2 species are active concomitantly and display a similar diet, but features smaller colonies, larger workers on average, and a broader range of foraging strategies than . We characterized the flora in the 2 species' natural habitat, and detected a nesting preference by for more open, vegetation-free microhabitats than those preferred by . Next, we tested the food preference of foraging colonies by presenting 3 non-native seed types. was more selective in its food choice. Colonies were then offered 1 type of seeds over 3 days in different spatial arrangements from the nest entrance (e.g., a seed plate close to the nest entrance, a seed plate blocked by an obstacle, or 3 plates placed at increasing distances from the nest entrance). While both species were consistent in their foraging behavior, expressed as seed collection, under different treatments over time, was more consistent than . These differences between the species may be explained by their different colony size, worker size, and range of foraging strategies, among other factors. We suggest that the differences in foraging, such as in food preference and behavioral consistency while foraging, could contribute to the co-occurrence of these 2 species in a similar habitat.

关键词：种类行为蚂蚁种子类型共存食物选择殖民地空间安排