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Altaids: accretionary tectonics writ large

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National Science Review 2023年第2期10卷 12-13页

作者： jonathan c.Aitchison School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Queensland

This perspective is written through the lens of someone who,except for a limited but enlightening foray into the region25 years ago,has largely watched the evolution of thinking and understanding of the Altaids from *** area is a hotbed for new ideas and *** strongly held viewpoints associated with various schools of thought have been *** time,international collaboration has moved thinking towards a consensus view,which hopefully will not stifle valuable originality.

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Global distribution of geothermal gradients in sedimentary basins

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 478-495页

作者： Folarin Kolawole jonathan c.Evenick Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory at columbia University New YorkNYUSA INPEX corporation TokyoJapan

The heat budget of sedimentary basins is determined by heat transfer across the lithosphereasthenosphere boundary and lithospheric heat sources,such that the tectonic evolution of their host continental and oceanic lithosphere ultimately impact the present-day heat flow and average geothermal *** increase in availability of publicly-accessible geothermal gradient measurements across the world provides an opportunity to globally assess the dominant controls on the thermal regime of sedimentary ***,we compile a global dataset of152,000 unique data points with constrained bottomhole temperature measurements and assess the relationships between geothermal gradient and selected independent tectonic variables,including crustal and lithospheric thicknesses,crustal age,sediment thickness,and basin *** results show that in both oceanic and continental settings,geothermal gradients exhibit a non-linear,systematic variation with the tectonic *** find that oceanic geothermal gradients decrease with increasing crustal age and lithospheric *** gradients in the continents show no clear relationships with thermotectonic crustal age,but decrease with increasing crustal and lithospheric *** drop significantly at 1.5 km sediment-cover thickness,likely reflecting the effect of high sedimentation rates,but show a striking rise at>12 km thicknesses,potentially influenced by thinned lithosphere and thermal blanketing *** commonly-assumed‘normal’gradient of 25℃/km for continents is only valid for a narrow range(1.5–12.5 km)of sedimentary cover-thickness,and oceanic‘normal’gradient may be as high as 50–75℃/km for>20 Ma crustal age and>50 km-thick *** show that,conditionally,crustal age may best predict average geothermal gradients in oceanic settings,and lithosphere thickness in ***,we observe that tectonic basin types exhibit distinct ranges of gradients that reflect their prevalent tec

关键词： Geothermal gradient Oceanic crust continental crust Lithosphere Tectonics

Soil microbial biomass and population in response to seasonal variation and age in Gmelina arborea plantations in south-western Nigeria

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第2期23卷 253-260页

作者： jonathan c. Onyekwelu Department of Forestry and Wood Technology Federal University of Technology Akure P.M.B. 704 Akure Nigeria

We investigated the Effects of plantation development, seasons, and soil depth on soil microbial indices in Gmelina arborea plantations in south-western Nigeria. Soil samples were obtained from the soil depths of 0-15 and 15-30 cm from plantations of six different ages during the rainy season, dry seasons, and their transitions. We used plate count and fumigation-extraction methods to determine microbe population and microbial biomass carbon （MB-c） and nitrogen （MB-N）, respectively. Plantation age did not affect microbial indices, implying a non-significant effect of plantation development on microbial communities. It could also imply that soil microbial indices had already stabilized in the sampled plantations. Seasonal variation and soil depth had significant effects on microbial indices. At 0-15 cm soil depth, mean MB-c increased from 50.74 μg·g^-1 during the peak of the dry season （i.e. March） to 99.58μg·g-1 during the peak of the rainy season （i.e. September）, while it increased from 36.22μg·.g^-1 to 75.31μg·.g^-1 at 15-30 cm soil depth between the same seasonal periods. Bacteria populations and MB-N showed similar increasing trends. correlations between MB-c, MB-N, microbe populations, and rainfall were positive and linear. Significantly higher microbial activities took place in the plantations during the rainy season, increased with soil wetness, and decreased at greater soil depth.

关键词： Gmelina arborea plantation development seasonal variation microbe population microbial biomass sustainability Nigeria

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor and its targeted therapeutics

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chinese Journal of cancer 2011年第5期30卷 303-314页

作者： Jheri Dupart jonathan c.Trent Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology and Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Over the past 60 years,investigators of basic science,pathology,and clinical medicine have studied gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) and made minor advances in patient *** discoveries have led to an understanding of the biological role of KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α in GIST and the development of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate(Gleevec,formerly STI-571),one of the most exciting examples of targeted therapy to *** success of targeted therapy in GIST has lead to new developments in our understanding of the medical and surgical management of the *** study of GIST may lead to new paradigms in the management of cancer.

关键词：靶向治疗胃肠道间质血小板衍生生长因子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂生物学作用基础科学临床医学

ESR1 alterations and metastasis in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer

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Journal of cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第5期4卷 16-31页

作者： jonathan T.Lei Xuxu Gou Sinem Seker Matthew J.ellis Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology&Molecular Medicine Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Lester and Sue Smith Breast center Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Departments of Medicine and Molecular and cellular Biology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA

Endocrine therapy is essential for the treatment of patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, however, resistance and the development of metastatic disease is common. Understanding how ER+ breast cancer metastasizes is critical since the major cause of death in breast cancer is metastasis to distant organs. Results from many studies suggest dysregulation of the estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) contributes to therapeutic resistance and metastatic biology. This review covers both pre-clinical and clinical evidence on the spectrum ofESR1 alterations including amplification, point mutations, and genomic rearrangement events driving treatment resistance and metastatic potential of ER+ breast cancer. Importantly, we describe how these ESR1 alterations may provide therapeutic opportunities to improve outcomes in patients with lethal, metastatic breast cancer.

关键词： Endocrine therapy resistance ESR1 fusions ESR1 mutations breast cancer metastasis

The effect of platform switching on the levels of metal ion release from different implant–abutment couples

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International Journal of Oral Science 2016年第2期8卷 117-125页

作者： Ghada O Alrabeah jonathan c Knowles Haralampos Petridis Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering UCL Eastman Dental Institute University College London London UK Prosthodontic Unit Department of Restorative Dentistry UCL Eastman Dental Institute University College London London UK

The improved peri-implant bone response demonstrated by platform switching may be the result of reduced amounts of metal ions released to the surrounding tissues. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of metal ions released from platform-matched and platform-switched implant-abutment couples as a result of accelerated corrosion. Thirty-six titanium alloy （Ti-6AI-4V） and cobalt-chrome alloy abutments were coupled with titanium cylinders forming either platform-switched or platform-matched groups （n = 6）. In addition, 18 unconnected samples served as controls. The specimens were subjected to accelerated corrosion by static immersion in 1% lactic acid for 1 week. The amount of metal ions ion of each test tube was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） images and energy dispersive spectroscopy X-ray analyses were performed pre- and post-immersion to assess corrosion at the interface. The platform-matched groups demonstrated higher ion release for vanadium, aluminium, cobalt, chrome, and molybdenum compared with the platform-switched groups （P〈 0.05）. Titanium was the highest element to be released regardless of abutment size or connection （P〈0.05）. SEM images showed pitting corrosion prominent on the outer borders of the implant and abutment platform surfaces. In conclusion, implant-abutment couples underwent an active corrosion process resulting in metal ions release into the surrounding environment. The highest amount of metal ions released was recorded for the platform-matched groups, suggesting that platform-switching concept has a positive effect in reducing the levels of metal ion release from the implant-abutment couples.

关键词： corrosion dental implants ion release peri-implant bone loss platform-switching titanium

Ophiolites and Intra-Oceanic Island Arc Assemblages of Eastern Australia, New caledonia and New Zealand

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第S1期91卷 1-3页

作者： jonathan c.AITcHISON School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Throughout the Phanerozoic the eastern margin of Gondwana and related fragments such as New caledonia and New Zealand that are now dispersed from it grew through the addition of ophiolites and associated intra-oceanic island arc *** how and why this occurred remains controversial with two main competingmodelsreferredtoaseither‘quantum’or‘accordion’*** quantum model envisages continental growth through the additional of discrete intra-oceanic assemblages analogous to contemporary tectonic settings in Taiwan,Timor and Papua New Guinea(Aitchison and Buckman,2012).The alternative regards eastern Australia as the type example of a different style of convergent plate margin referred to as an‘extensional accretionary orogeny’(collins,2002).The oldest Phanerozoic ophiolites and intra-oceanic island arc assemblages are of cambrian age and are widely reported from the Lachlan Fold Belt in the eastern Australian states of Victoria and NSW(Spaggiari et al.,2003;Greenfield et al.,2011).Similar rocks are also known from Mount Read in Tasmania(Berry and crawford,1988;crawford and Berry,1992;Mulder et al.,2016),the Weraerai terrane and its correlatives in the New England orogen further east in northeastern NSW(Aitchison et al.,1994;Aitchison and Ireland,1995)and Queensland,the Takaka terrane in NW Nelson,New Zealand(Münker and cooper,1999)and the Bowers terrane in Northern Victoria Land,Antarctica(Weaver et al.,1984;Münker and crawford,2000;Rocchi et al.,2011;Palmeri et al.,2012).The Late Ordovician saw the development of the intra-oceanic Macquarie island arc(Glen et al.,1998;Glen et al.,2007).This system contains important economic mineral *** way in which these arcrocks developed and were juxtaposedagainst a surrounding suite of Lachlan Fold Belt,eastern Australia remains the subject of investigation(see Aitchison and Buckman,2012 for discussion).In a similar area,enigmatic rocks of the Tumut ophiolite also crop out(Graham et al.,1996;Belousova

关键词： New caledonia and New Zealand

A critical review:emerging bioeconomy and waste-to-energy technologies for sustainable municipal solid waste management

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2019年第3期1卷 151-167页

作者： To-Hung Tsui jonathan W.c.Wong Department of Biology Institute of Bioresource and AgricultureSino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta EnvironmentHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongChina

Municipal solid waste(MSW)management has emerged as probably the most pressing issue many governments nowadays are ***,Waste-to-Energy(WtE)is mostly associated with incineration,but now,with the emergence of the bioeconomy,it embraces a broader definition comprising any processing technique that can generate electricity/heat or produce a waste-derived *** the ambit of the circular economy many nations are looking for,additional effort must be made to be sure of acquiring the most updated information and paving a sustainable path for managing MSW in such a *** this regard,we have undertaken a critical review of various technologies,with their updated progress,involved in the exploitation of MSW as a renewable resource,along with the critical advantages and limitations on energy and material cycling for sustainable MSW ***,the most widely used method,is nowadays difficult to further apply due to its dubious reputation and social ***,to address the organic fraction of MSW which currently is mostly unrecycled and causes disposal issues,the biological approach presents an attractive *** new emphasis of bioeconomy leads us to understand how environmental biotechnologies should be better connected/integrated for more sustainable MSW *** article is concluded with advances of future prospects,which can serve as a timely reminder to encourage competent authorities/researchers to work towards further improvement of the present MSW management system.

关键词： Municipal solid waste management Sustainability circular economy Bioeconomy Waste-to-energy Anaerobic digestion

Upper Darriwilian(Middle Ordovician) Radiolarians and Ostracods from the Hulo Formation, Zhejiang Provicnce, South china

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第4期29卷 886-899页

作者： Yuhao Yi Aihua Yuan jonathan c Aitchison Qinglai Feng School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Queensland

considerable research has been done on the Ordovician marine fossils from South china, including macrofossils such as brachiopods, graptolites, bivalves, trilobites, some microfossils like conodonts and acritarches. However, radiolarians and ostracods that are also important consti- tuents of the Ordovician marine ecosystem have been paid little attention in this region. In this study, ten radiolarians species belonging to four genera and sixteen ostracods species grouped into nine genera were found from the Hulo Formation at the Hengdu Section of the Jiangshan District, west- ern Zhejiang Province, South china. The fossil-bearing strata belong to the graptolite Pterograptus elegans Zone which indicates the Late Darriwilian Age. This radiolarian fauna is the first record of the Middle Ordovician radiolarian body fossils and also the earliest Ordovician radiolarian fauna reported from South china. The occurrence of Beothuka in this fauna extends the stratigraphic range of the genus to the Upper Darriwilian. Reviews of previous literatures suggest that the diversity of Beothuka was greater during the Early Ordovician, and then declined gradually from the Early Ordovician to the Middle Ordovician before its extinction. The co-occurring ostracod fauna belongs to a shallow-water ecotype. This is contrary to the host lithofacies of the ostracod fauna which represent a deep-water environment. Therefore, these ostacods may have been transported from the shallow-water environment, most likely from the Yangtze carbonate platform. If this conjecture is the truth, then the Jiangshan District was near the shallow-water carbonate platform and received its sediments during the Darriwilian. It is still essential to do more work in the future to better understand the ecology of the Ordovician ostracod fanuas and their role in the sedimentary system of South china.

关键词： radiolarians ostracods ecotype Ordovician Hengdu Section South china.