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Effect of Biofertilizers on the Agromorphological Parameters of Three Okra Cultivars in Southern Côte d’Ivoire

Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 408-422页

作者： Guinagui N’doua Bertrand Nomel Meless Patrice Sanogo Souleymane Kouassi N’dri Pacôme Kouadio Edouard Yves Gilchrist Dao jonas Patrick Koné Dapah Sara Fatim Koné Daouda Fatogoma Sorho Plant Physiology and Pathology Teaching and Research Unit UFR Biosciences F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire WASCAl Center/African Center of Excellence on Climate Change Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture (WASCAL/CEA-CCBAD) Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus l.) is an herbaceous plant of the Malvaceae family. In Côte d’Ivoire, okra production is estimated to be over 193,000 tons. This low production is largely due to poor soils and hardly covers the needs of the population. To remedy this, growers systematically use mineral fertilizers. However, these fertilizers pollute the environment. To find an alternative to chemical fertilization and increase production, the effect of biofertilizers (Spaawet, Retone, Super Gro) compared with NPK mineral fertilizer was evaluated on Divo, Teriman, and Djonan F1 cultivars. The trial was set up in a factorial block design with three replications. Plant height, number of functional leaves, and crown diameter were assessed at 60 days after sowing (DAS). The time to 50% flowering, production time, and fruit yield were calculated. The results showed that the biofertilizer Retone induced the highest heights and number of functional leaves, with averages of 61.89 cm and 29.88 leaves, respectively. The diameter at the crown (17.77 mm) was highest with the NPK mineral fertilizer, and the shortest 50% flowering time, with an average of 47.61 days, was also obtained with the biofertilizer Retone. The NPK mineral fertilizer produced the longest production time, with an average of 35.25 days. The highest yields were obtained using Retone (11.07 t/ha) and NPK (9.52 t/ha) fertilizers. The “Divo*Retone” interaction produced the highest yield with an average of 12.19 t/ha. The biofertilizer Retone could therefore be used as an alternative fertilizer to chemical fertilization in okra crops, given its effect on the parameters assessed.

关键词： Biofertilizer Retone Mineral Fertilizer Okra Yield Côte d’Ivoire

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Suicidal Behaviours in Sickle Cell Patients at the Douala Sickle Cell Care Centre in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 265-281页

作者： Christian Eyoum léonce Kengno Kologne Charlotte Eposse Ekoube Annick Mélanie Magnerou Joséphine Manga Befolo Cindy laura Ndepa Daniel Gams Massi Aurore Nzesseu Djomo Guy jonas Basseguin Atchou Guy Calvin Mbongo’O Rihta Mbono Mbekoto Iyawa Hassanatou Fabiola Tchouankeu Kounga Christiane Medi Sike Josiane Essola Jacques Narcisse Doumbe Erero Njiengwe Callixte Kuate Tegueu Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Sickle cell anaemia is a hereditary disease that combines physical and psychological manifestations, including suicidal tendencies. So far, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted on suicidal behaviours among people with sickle cell disease in Cameroon. This is what justifies our study on the prevalence and factors related to suicidal behaviors in our study population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, analytical study of 171 sickle cell patients aged from 12 years upwards who came to the sickle cell disease care service of the laquintinie Hospital in Douala, over a period of 6 months, that is, from 1 January to 31 June 2022. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with questions on suicidal behaviours based on the “MINI” (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). The data were processed using the SPSS 26.0 software. The related factors were studied in both a bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Female sickle cell patients accounted for 60.2% of the sample. The mean age was 23.36 ± 8.42 years. Suicidal ideation was prevalent in 56% of cases and 13% attempted suicide. The factors most associated with suicidal ideation were: primary level of education (OR = 0.08 (0.09 - 0.79);p = 0.03), feeling unworthy of life (OR = 0.40 (0.08 - 1.96);p = 0.02), not often being considered by those around them (OR = 2.97 (1.26 - 6.99);p = 0.01), lack of family support (OR = 0.34 (0.15 - 0.77);p = 0.01). Meanwhile, the factors associated with suicide attempts were: the fact of being rarely exposed to suicide-related media (OR = 4.17 (1.40 - 71.80);p = 0.03), and a constant feeling of sadness when returning home (OR = 18.02 (1.59 - 20.55);p = 0.01). Conclusion: More than half of sickle cell patients had had suicidal thoughts and 1/6 had made at least one suicide attempt, women and young adults being the most concerned. It is therefore necessary to ensure optimum psychological care for patients with sickle cell disease.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Suicidal Behaviours Self-Harm

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Fast MATlAB assembly of FEM matrices in 2D and 3D using cell-array approach

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第2期7卷 167-186页

作者： jonas Koko Clermont Universit´e Universit´e Blaise Pascal LIMOSBP 10448F-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance CNRSUMR 6158LIMOSF-63173 AubiereFrance

We propose a MATlAB implementation of the P1 finite element method for the numerical solutions of the Poisson problem and the linear elasticity problem in two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D).The code consists of vectorized(and short)assembling functions for the matrices(mass and stiffness)and the right-hand *** for the P1 finite element,the element mass matrix and right-hand side are simple,the implementation uses only the MATlAB function sparse on the elements *** the stiffness matrix,to obtain a MATlAB implementation close to the standard form,cell-arrays are used to store the gradients of the element basis *** assembling procedure can then use matrix/vector products on small size *** experiments show that our implementation is fast,scalable with respect to time,and outperforms existing vectorized MATlAB FEM codes.

关键词： MATlAB code vectorization finite element stiffness matrix mass matrix

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Efficient transport pricing-why,what,and when?

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Communications in Transportation Research 2021年第1期1卷 31-38页

作者： jonas Eliasson linköping University Swedish National Transport AdministrationSweden

Striking a balance between societal benefits and costs of transportation lies at the heart of transport planning and transport systems *** transport and urbanization enable the many benefits of modern socieities through specialization of labour,production and lifestyles-but these trends simultaneously increase the drawbacks of transportation,such as carbon emissions,congestion,noise and air quality *** developments and improved infrastrastructure can help reduce these drawbacks,but they do not solve the fundamental problem that those reaping the benefits of transport-travellers,firms,customers-do not perceive the full social costs of *** balance transport costs and benefits,efficient pricing is *** a wealth of theoretical arguments,technical developments and substantial practical experience,efficient transport pricing is still *** on the example of urban congestion pricing,this paper summarizes why transport pricing is needed,lessons learnt from practical experience,and what the main obstacles *** two most important obstacles seem to be political power struggles between different levels of governments,and that even if total social gains vastly exceed total social losses,the losses tend to be more salient;losers tend to be easy to identify,while winners tend to be more dispersed and perhaps only exist in the future.

关键词： Congestion charges Road pricing Congestion pricing Intelligent transportation systems

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A low Mach Number IMEX Flux Splitting for the level Set Ghost Fluid Method

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2023年第2期5卷 722-750页

作者： jonas Zeifang Andrea Beck Faculty of Sciences Hasselt UniversityAgoralaan Gebouw DBE-3590 DiepenbeekBelgium Institute of Aerodynamics and Gas Dynamics University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 2170569 StuttgartGermany laboratory of Fluid Dynamics and Technical Flows Otto von Guericke University MagdeburgUniversitatsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany

Considering droplet phenomena at low Mach numbers,large differences in the magnitude of the occurring characteristic waves are *** acoustic phenomena often play a minor role in such applications,classical explicit schemes which resolve these waves suffer from a very restrictive timestep *** this work,a novel scheme based on a specific level set ghost fluid method and an implicit-explicit(IMEX)flux splitting is proposed to overcome this timestep restriction.A fully implicit narrow band around the sharp phase interface is combined with a splitting of the convective and acoustic phenomena away from the *** this part of the domain,the IMEX Runge-Kutta time discretization and the high order discontinuous Galerkin spectral element method are applied to achieve high accuracies in the bulk *** is shown that for low Mach numbers a significant gain in computational time can be achieved compared to a fully explicit ***-tions to typical droplet dynamic phenomena validate the proposed method and illustrate its capabilities.

关键词： IMEX flux splitting level set method Ghost fluid method low Mach number flows

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Advances in myopia research anatomical findings in highly myopic eyes

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 434-443页

作者： Jost B.jonas Ya Xing Wang li Dong Yin Guo Songhomitra Panda-jonas Department of Ophthalmology Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karis-UniversityUniversitäts-AugenklinikTheodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-368167 MannheimGermany Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key laboratory Beijing Institute of OphthalmologyBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key LabBeijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and TreatmentBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Tongren Eye Care Center Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background:The goal of this review is to summarize structural and anatomical changes associated with high *** text:Axial elongation in myopic eyes is associated with retinal thinning and a reduced density of retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells in the equatorial *** of the retina and choriocapillaris and RPE cell density in the macula are independent of axial *** and scleral thickness decrease with longer axial length in the posterior hemisphere of the eye,most marked at the posterior *** any eye region,thickness of Bruch’s membrane(BM)is independent of axial *** opening,as the inner layer of the optic nerve head layers,is shifted in temporal direction in moderately elongated eyes(axial lengthleads to an overhanging of BM into the intrapapillary compartment at the nasal optic disc side,and to an absence of BM at the temporal disc *** lack of BM at the temporal disc side is the histological equivalent of parapapillary gamma *** zone is defined as the parapapillary region without *** highly myopic eyes(axial length>26.5 mm),BM opening enlarges with longer axial *** leads to a circular gamma *** a parallel manner,the peripapillary scleral flange and the lamina cribrosa get longer and thinner with longer axial length in highly myopic *** elongated peripapillary scleral flange forms the equivalent of parapapillary delta zone,and the elongated lamina cribrosa is the equivalent of the myopic secondary *** prevalence of BM defects in the macular region increases with longer axial length in highly myopic *** staphylomas are characterized by marked scleral thinning and spatially correlated BM defects,while thickness and density of the choriocapillaris,RPE and BM do not differ markedly between staphylomatous versus non-staphylomatous eyes in the respective ***:High axial myopia is associated with a thinning of the sclera and choroid posteriorly and thinnin

关键词： High myopia Myopia Bruch’s membrane Optic nerve head Optic disc Parapapillary gamma zone Parapapillary delta zone lamina cribrosa Anatomical changes

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ΔN-Bcl-xl, a therapeutic target for neuroprotection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第11期12卷 1791-1794页

作者： Han-A Park Elizabeth A.jonas Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management College of Human Environmental ScienceThe University of Alabama Department of Internal Medicine Section of EndocrinologyYale University

The B-cell lymphoma-extra large （Bcl-xl） is a mitochondrial anti-apoptotic protein that plays a role in neuroprotection. However, during excitotoxic stimulation, Bcl-xl undergoes caspase-dependent cleavage and produces a fragmented form, △N-Bcl-xl. Accumulation of △N-Bcl-xl is associated with mitochon- drial dysfunction and neuronal death. Therefore, strategies to inhibit the activity or formation of △N-Bcl- xl protect the brain against excitotoxic injuries. Our team found that the pharmacological inhibitor △BT- 737 exerts dose dependent effects in primary neurons. When primary hippocampal neurons were treated with 1 μM ABT-737, glutamate-mediated mitochondrial damage and neuronal death were exacerbated, whereas 10 nM △BT-737, a 100-fold lower concentration, protected mitochondrial function and enhanced neuronal viability against glutamate toxicity. In addition, we suggested acute vs. prolonged formation of △N-Bcl-xl may have different effects on mitochondrial or neuronal functions. Unlike acute production of △N-Bcl-xl by glutamate, overexpression of △N-Bcl-xl did not cause drastic changes in neuronal viability. We predicted that neurons undergo adaptation and may activate altered metabolism to compensate for △N-Bcl-xl-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. Although the detailed mechanism of ABT-mediated neurotoxicity neuroprotection is still unclear, our study shows that the mitochondrial membrane protein △N-Bcl-xl is a central target for interventions.

关键词： B-cell lymphoma-extra large △N-Bcl-xl mitochondria ABT-737

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Mitochondrial membrane protein Bcl-xl, a regulator of adult neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity: multiple functions beyond apoptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第19期9卷 1706-1707页

作者： Han-A Park Elizabeth A.jonas Department of Internal Medicine Section of EndocrinologyYale University

The B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl2） family of proteins participates in cell death or survival through a mitochondrial pathway. The pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl2 family such as Bim, Bid, Bax and Bak trigger cell death by contributing to the enhancement of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabil- ity to pro-apoptotic factors such as cytochrome c, with the subsequent activation of caspases. The anti-apoptotic mem- bers, such as B-cell lymphoma-extra large （Bd-xl）, block the pro-apoptotic Bcl2 members and prevent cell death. Bcl-xl is abundantly expressed during development and in mature neurons, suggesting that it plays a role in protection from death from untoward events occurring in adult life such as ischemia, inflammation or trauma. When these neurotoxic in- sults occur, Bcl-xl translocates to mitochondria and prevents activation and homo-oligomerization of pro-apoptotic family members such Bax and Bak. Numerous studies have shown pro-survival roles for Bcl-xl in adult neurons using various models; nevertheless, the role of Bcl-xl outside of the field of neuronal death, i.e., in adult neuronal growth, excitability or synaptic plasticity, has not been studied in depth.

关键词： Mitochondrial membrane protein Bcl-xl a regulator of adult neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity RNAi Bax

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STABlE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AND DISCRETIZATION FOR P_(N) EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2022年第6期40卷 977-1003页

作者： jonas Bunger Neeraj Sarna Manuel Torrilhon Applied and Computational Mathematics(ACoM) Department of MathematicsRWTH Aachen UniversitySchinkelstr 252062 AachenGermany

A solution to the linear Boltzmann equation satisfies an energy bound,which reflects a natural fact:The energy of particles in a finite volume is bounded in time by the energy of particles initially occupying the volume augmented by the energy transported into the volume by particles entering the volume over *** this paper,we present boundary conditions(BCs)for the spherical harmonic(P_(N))approximation,which ensure that this fundamental energy bound is satisfied by the P_(N) *** BCs are compatible with the characteristic waves of P_(N) equations and determine the incoming waves ***,energy bound and compatibility,are shown on abstract formulations of P_(N) equations and BCs to isolate the necessary structures and *** BCs are derived from a Marshak type formulation of BC and base on a non-classical even/odd-classification of spherical harmonic functions and a stabilization step,which is similar to the truncation of the series expansion in the P_(N) *** show that summation by parts(SBP)finite differences on staggered grids in space and the method of simultaneous approximation terms(SAT)allows to maintain the energy bound also on the semi-discrete level.

关键词： Boundary conditions Energy stability Spherical harmonic(P_(N))approximation Kinetic theory Moment method Boltzmann linear transport

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Ambulatory blood-pressure monitoring, antihypertensive therapy and the risk of fall injuries in elderly hypertensive patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第4期15卷 284-289页

作者： Michael jonas Rasisa Kazarski Gil Chemin Department of Cardiology Kaplan Medical Center Hebrew University School of Medicine Rehovot Israel Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Kaplan Medical Center Hebrew University School of Medicine Rehovot Israel

Background Fall injuries are common among the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate whether blood-pressure patterns, as measured by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring （ABPM）, or intensification of antihypertensive therapy following the 24-h ABPM, may be associated with fall injuries in hypertensive elderly patients. Methods In a retrospective study, community-based elderly patients （age ≥ 70 years） who were referred to 24-h ABPM were evaluated for fall injuries within one-year post-ABPM. We compared the clinical characteristics, 24-h ABPM patterns and the intensification of hypertensive therapy following 24-h ABPM, between patients with and without a fall injury. Results Overall 1032 hypertensive elderly patients were evaluated. Fifty-five （5.3%） had a fall injury episode in the year following ABPM. Patients with a fall injury were significantly older, and with higher rates of previous falls. lower 24-h diastolic blood-pressure （67.3 ± 7.6 vs. 70.7 ± 8.8 mmHg; P 〈 0.005） and increased pulse-pressure （74.7 ± 14.3 vs. 68.3 ± 13.7 mmHg; P 〈 0.005）, were found in the patients with a fall injury, compared to those without a fall injury. After adjustment for age, gender, diabetes mellitus and previous falls, lower diastolic blood-pressure and increased pulse-pressure were independent predictors of fall injury. Intensification of antihypertensive treatment following the 24-h ABPM was not associated with an increased rate of fall injury. Conclusions low diastolic blood-pressure and increased pulse-pressure in 24-h ABPM were associated with an increased risk of fall injury in elderly hypertensive patients. Intensification of antihypertensive treatment following 24-h ABPM was not associated with an increased risk of fall injury.

关键词： Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring Hypertension Falls

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