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Microphysical Characteristics of Extreme-Rainfall Convection over the Pearl River Delta Region, South China from Polarimetric Radar Data during the Pre-summer Rainy Season

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第5期40卷 874-886页

作者： Hao HUANG Kun ZHAO johnny clchan Dongming HU Key Laboratory for Mesoscale Severe Weather/MOE and School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Joint Center for Atmospheric Radar Research CMA/NJUBeijing 100081China School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Guangdong Meteorological Observatory Guangzhou 510062China

During the pre-summer rainy season,heavy rainfall occurs frequently in South China.Based on polarimetric radar observations,the microphysical characteristics and processes of convective features associated with extreme rainfall rates(ERCFs)are examined.In the regions with high ERCF occurrence frequency,sub-regional differences are found in the lightning flash rate(LFR)distributions.In the region with higher LFRs,the ERCFs have larger volumes of high reflectivity factor above the freezing level,corresponding to more active riming processes.In addition,these ERCFs are more organized and display larger spatial coverage,which may be related to the stronger low-level wind shear and higher terrain in the region.In the region with lower LFRs,the ERCFs have lower echo tops and lower-echo centroids.However,no clear differences of the most unstable convective available potential energy(MUCAPE)exist in the ERCFs in the regions with different LFR characteristics.Regardless of the LFRs,raindrop collisional coalescence is the main process for the growth of raindrops in the ERCFs.In the ERCFs within the region with lower LFRs,the main mechanism for the rapid increase of liquid water content with decreasing altitude below 4 km is through the warm-rain processes converting cloud drops to raindrops.However,in those with higher LFRs,the liquid water content generally decreases with decreasing altitude.

关键词： microphysics extreme rainfall rate polarimetric radar lightning flash rate

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Recent Unusual Consecutive Spring Tropical Cyclones in North Atlantic and Winter Oceanic Precursor Signals

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第2期37卷 208-217页

作者： Hong HUANG Jeremy Cheuk-Hin LEUNG johnny clchan Jimin LIU Weihong QIAN Banglin ZHANG College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410015 Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou510640 School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong Kong999077 Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai519082 College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000 Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030 Asia-Pacific Typhoon Collaborative Research Center Shanghai201306 Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871

Although the North Atlantic(NA)hurricane season has been reported to start increasingly early,historical longterm changes in NA spring tropical cyclone(TC)activity have not been examined in previous studies.We find that spring TCs have become more frequent and intense,and they have more closely approached the US coastline over the past four decades,thus increasing the probability of landfall.A long-term increase in the NA sea surface temperature(SST)and northward incursion of warm water may be responsible for the increasing number,intensity,and northward shift of spring TCs.In addition,the interdecadal winter NA SST tripole mode may induce a North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO)-like atmospheric response in the following spring,which controls spring TC tracks via modulating the strength and position of the NA subtropical high(or the Bermuda high).The superposition of the interdecadal positive winter SST tripole on the NA warming trend has contributed to the anomalous enhancement and northward shift of spring TC activity,increasing the spring TC risks in the US in the past six years.

关键词： hurricane climate change spring tropical cyclone preseason storm

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Preface to the Special Issue:Climate Change and Variability of Tropical Cyclone Activity

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第2期39卷 203-204页

作者： Liguang WU Bin WANG johnny clchan Kyung-Ja HA Il-Ju MOON Jun MATSUMOTO Zhemin TAN Ke FAN Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China International Pacific Research Center School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of HawaiiHonoluluHI 96822USA School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Center for Climate Sciences Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241South Korea Typhoon Research Center Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea Research Center for Climatology Department of GeographyTokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyo 192-0392Japan School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Tropical cyclones(TCs) are one of the most destructive natural phenomena on Earth in terms of human-life and economic losses. It is currently a matter of prodigious public and scientific interest how TC activity has changed and will change in a warming climate. This special issue focuses on a challenging subject raised in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) report and numerous research papers.

关键词： warming Earth raised

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