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Pediat.ic Supracondylar Humerus Fract.res: Are Medial Pins Indicat.d?

Open Journal of Ort.opedics 2014年第5期4卷 123-129页

作者： Bobby Dezfuli Christ.pher Larkins john t. ruth Lisa M. t.uchan Depart.ent.of Ort.opaedic Surgery University of Arizona Medical Center Tucson AZ USA Depart.ent.of Ort.opaedic Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio TX USA

Background: Pediat.ic supracondylar humerus fract.res are t.e most.common elbow fract.res in children. Operat.ve management.includes closed reduct.on and placement.of 2 t. 3 lat.rally based pins. Occasionally, a medial pin is used t. creat. a crossed fixat.on pat.ern, despit. risk of nearly 10% iat.ogenic ulnar nerve injury. t.e object.ve of t.is st.dy was t. assess t.e t.ends and out.omes in t.e operat.ve management.of pediat.ic supracondylar humerus fract.res at.a level one academic t.auma cent.r. Mat.rials & Met.ods: A ret.ospect.ve review was performed on all children sust.ining a Gart.and t.pe II or III supracondylar humerus fract.res t.eat.d by closed or open reduct.on and percut.neous pinning in 2006-2008 and 2009-2011 at.a level one academic t.auma cent.r by t.o of t.e aut.ors (Jt., LMt.. Pin placement.pat.erns were evaluat.d and compared based on year performed. Out.omes measured were rat.s of ulnar nerve sympt.ms, non-union, re-operat.on, and varus malalignment. Dat. analysis was performed using a Fisher exact.t.st.on St.t. soft.are. Result.: A t.t.l of 49 pat.ent. met.inclusion crit.ria. Of 22 pat.ent. t.eat.d in 2006-2008, 5 (23%) were t.pe II and 17 (77%) were t.pe III. From 2009-2011, 16 (59%) were t.pe II and 11 (41%) were t.pe III. Comparison of pinning pat.ern in t.pe II fract.res bet.een 2006-2008 and 2009-2011 did not.indicat. st.t.st.cal significance (p = 0.429). Comparison of pinning pat.ern in t.pe III fract.res during t.e same t.me period did show t.at.t.ere was a st.t.st.cally significant.decrease (p = 0.010) in t.e number of cross pin fixat.ons. t.ere were no ulnar nerve injuries, non-unions, re-operat.ons, or varus malalignment.in any pat.ent.on final follow-up. Conclusion: t.is st.dy shows t.at.t.ere has been a significant.decrease in cross pin fixat.on for pediat.ic t.pe III supracondylar humerus fract.res wit. equivalent.clinical out.omes at.a Level I t.auma cent.r. Furt.ermore, performing lat.ral pinning for t.pe III fract.res has elimi

关键词： Supracondylar Humerus Fract.re Pin Fixat.on Ulnar Nerve Injury Biomechanical St.bilit.

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t.rget.ng t.kB–PSD-95 coupling t. mit.gat. neurological disorders

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Neural Regenerat.on Research 2025年第3期20卷 715-724页

作者： Xin Yang Yu-Wen Alvin Huang john Marshall Depart.ent.of Molecular Biology Cell Biology and BiochemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Depart.ent.of Neurology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Cent.r for t.anslat.onal Neuroscience Robert J.and Nancy D.Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational ScienceBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA

t.opomyosin recept.r kinase B(t.kB)signaling plays a pivot.l role in dendrit.c growt. and dendrit.c spine format.on t. promot. learning and *** act.vit.-dependent.release of brain-derived neurot.ophic fact.r at.synapses binds t. pre-or post.ynapt.c t.kB result.ng in t.e st.engt.ening of synapses,reflect.d by long-t.rm ***,t.e associat.on of post.ynapt.c densit. prot.in-95 wit. t.kB enhances phospholipase Cγ-Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent.prot.in kinaseⅡand phosphat.dylinosit.l 3-kinase-mechanist.c t.rget.of rapamycin signaling required for long-t.rm *** t.is review,we discuss t.kB-post.ynapt.c densit. prot.in-95 coupling as a promising st.at.gy t. magnify brain-derived neurot.ophic fact.r signaling t.wards t.e development.of novel t.erapeut.cs for specific neurological disorders.A reduct.on of t.kB signaling has been observed in neurodegenerat.ve disorders,such as Alzheimer's disease and Hunt.ngt.n's disease,and enhancement.of post.ynapt.c densit. prot.in-95 associat.on wit. t.kB signaling could mit.gat. t.e observed deficiency of neuronal connect.vit. in schizophrenia and *** wit. brain-derived neurot.ophic fact.r is problemat.c,due t. poor pharmacokinet.cs,low brain penet.at.on,and side effect. result.ng from act.vat.on of t.e p75 neurot.ophin recept.r or t.e t.uncat.d t.kB.t. *** t.kB agonist. and ant.bodies t.at.act.vat. t.kB are being int.nsively invest.gat.d,t.ey cannot.dist.nguish t.e mult.ple human t.kB splicing isoforms or cell t.pe-specific *** t.kB–post.ynapt.c densit. prot.in-95 coupling provides an alt.rnat.ve approach t. specifically boost.t.kB signaling at.localized synapt.c sit.s versus global st.mulat.on t.at.risks many adverse side effect..

关键词： Angelman syndrome aut.sm brain-derived neurot.ophic fact.r depression neurodegenerat.ve disorder neurodevelopment.l disorder post.ynapt.c densit. prot.in-95 synapt.c plast.cit. t.kB

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Ident.ficat.on of isopept.dase act.vit. in t.e midgut.of insect.： Purificat.on, propert.es and nut.it.onal ecology of a Hofmannophila pseudospret.lla （Lepidopt.ra： Oecophoridae） larval enzyme

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Insect.Science 2010年第4期17卷 325-334页

作者： Robert.M. Simpson john t. Christ.ller Plant.and Food Research Inst.t.t. Tennant Drive Palmerston North 4474 Private Bag 11 030 New Zealand

A γ-glut.myl t.anspept.dase （isopept.dase） has been purified 580-fold t. homogeneit. from t.e midgut.of kerat.nophagous larvae of Hofmannophila pseudospret.lla. t.e enzyme is a single polypept.de of molecular mass 80 kDa. t.e enzyme was ident.fied by it. hydrolyt.c act.vit. against.t.e synt.et.c subst.at., γ-glut.myl-AMC, it. molecular mass and inhibit.on profile compared t. ot.er γ-glut.myl t.anspept.dases. t.e enzyme is low or absent.from most.ot.er insect.digest.ve syst.ms apart.from ot.er kerat.nophagous lepidopt.ran larvae and predat.ry carabids. While isopepfide bonds are present.in high levels of t.e prot.ins in t.e diet.of kerat.nophages, t.eir presence in t.e diet.of predat.ry beet.es has not.been est.blished.

关键词： γ-glut.myl t.anspept.dase Hofmannophila pseudospret.lla isopept.dase,kerat.nophagous nut.it.onal ecology

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t.ibo-charging of binary mixt.res composed of coarse and fine part.cles in gas-solid pipe flow

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Part.cuology 2019年第2期17卷 101-109页

作者： Haifeng Wang Farzam Fot.vat.Xiaot.o t. Bi john R. Grace Depart.ent.of Chemical Engineering China University of Mining and Technology. Xuzliou 221166 China Depart.ent.of Chemical and Pet.oleum Engineering Sharif University of Technology Azadi Avenue P.O. Box 11365-9465 Tehran Iran Fluidizat.on Research Cent.e Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of British Columbia. Vancouver V6T 1Z3 Canada

Experiment. were conduct.d t. invest.gat. t.e effect.of adding fines on t.e t.ibo-charging of coarse glass beads. Four t.pes of fines, i.e., copper, st.inless st.el, uncoat.d and silver-coat.d fine glass beads, mixed w让h 240-830 μm glass beads were conveyed by air t.rough a st.inless-st.el spiral pipe act.ng as a t.ibo-charger. Regardless of t.e t.pe or elect.ical conduct.vit. of t.e fine part.cles t.st.d, adding small amount. of fines (up t. 10wt.) t. coarse glass beads result.d in a sharp increase in t.e mass and surface charge densit.es of t.e part.cles. In gen eral, t.e profiles of t.e mass and surface charge den sides of t.e fine-coarse part.cle mixt.res as a funct.on of t.e mixt.re composit.on were det.rmined by t.e relat.ve magnit.de of cont.ct.pot.nt.al differences and t.e t.t.l surface areas of all t.e comp on ent.. t.e domi nant.part.cle t.i bo-elect.ificat.on mecha nism swit.hed from coarse part.cle-wall con t.ct. t. fine part.cle-wall cont.ct. when t.e fines weight.percent.ge in t.e mixt.re exceeded 10%. A model was developed t. predict.t.e mass charge densit. of bi nary mixt.res as a funct.on of t.e mixt.re composit.on.

关键词： t.ibo-charging Elect.ost.t.cs Fine part.cles Binary mixt.re Gas-solid flow

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Different.al responses t. feeding by t.e t.mat./pot.t. psyllid bet.een t.o t.mat. cult.vars and t.eir implicat.ons in est.blishment.of injury levels and pot.nt.al of damaged plant.recovery

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Insect.Science 2006年第3期13卷 195-204页

作者： DEGUANG LIU LINDSEY johnSON john t. t.UMBLE Depart.ent.of Ent.mology Unversity of California Riverside CA USA

An invasive new biot.pe of t.e t.mat./pot.t. psyllid （Bact.ricera [Parat.ioza] cockerelli [Sulc.]）（Homopt.ra： Psyllidae） recent.y has caused losses exceeding 50% on fresh market.t.mat.es in west.rn Nort. America. Despit. t.ese ext.nsive losses, lit.le is known regarding t.e t.reshold levels at.which populat.ons must.be suppressed in order t. prevent.economic losses. A series of experiment. were t.erefore designed using combinat.ons of t.o common t.mat. cult.vars （Qualit.21 and Yellow Pear）, five pest.densit.es （0, 20, 30, 40 and 50 nymphs/plant., and t.ree feeding-durat.on （5 days, 10 days, and lifet.me） t.eat.ent. t. t.st.t.e relat.ve import.nce of pest.densit., feeding period, and cumulat.ve psyllid-days t. est.blish economic t.reshold levels for psyllids. t.e cult.vars differed considerably in t.eir response t. t.e t.xin inject.d by t.e psyllid nymphs. ‘Yellow Pear＇ plant. could recover from feeding by up t. 40 nymphs for as long as 10 d, whereas ‘Qualit.21＇ plant. were irreparably damaged by densit.es of 20 nymphs feeding for only 5 days. On ‘Yellow Pear＇, all plant.measurement. such as t.e number of yellow leaves and plant.height.were significant.y bet.er correlat.d wit. cumulat.ve psyUid-days t.an wit. eit.er pest.densit. or feeding durat.on. On ‘Qualit.21 ＇, all plant.measurement. ot.er t.an t.e number of yellow leaflet. and leaves were significant.y bet.er correlat.d wit. pest.densit. t.an wit. feeding durat.on or cumulat.ve psyUid-days, and pest.densit. was a bet.er predict.r of psyUid damage. Pot.nt.al reasons for t.e variable responses bet.een cult.vars and t.e implicat.ons for psyllid sampling and int.grat.d pest.management.are discussed.

关键词： IPM psyllid yellows t.mat. cult.var t.xic saliva

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t.lerance t. individual and joint.effect. of arsenic and Bacillus t.uringiensis subsp, israelensis or Lysinibacillus sphaericus in Culex mosquit.es

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Insect.Science 2014年第4期21卷 477-485页

作者： Christ.na L. Mogren William E. Walt.n john t. t.umble Depart.ent.of Ent.mology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Arsenic cont.minat.on of global wat.r supplies has come t. t.e forefront.in policy decisions in recent.decades. However, t.e effect. of arsenic on lower t.ophic levels of insect. inhabit.ng cont.minat.d ecosyst.ms are not.well underst.od. One approach t. document.bot. acut. and sublet.al effect. of t.xicant. like arsenic is t. assay t.em in combinat.on wit. microbial pat.ogens t. evaluat. shift. in survival curves of t.e t.st.organisms. Larvae of Culex quinquefasciat.s and Culex t.rsalis were reared in wat.r cont.ining 0 or 1 000μg/L of arsenat. or arsenit.. Fourt. inst.rs were t.en exposed t. a range of doses of Bacillus t.uringiensis subsp, israelensis （Bt.） or Lysinibacillus sphaericus （Ls）, wit. shift. in let.al concent.at.ons det.rmined. Arsenic accumulat.on in 4t. inst.rs was also quant.fied, and a relat.ve growt. index （RGI） calculat.d for t.e t.eat.ent. and compared t. cont.ols. Larvae of bot. species accumulat.d bet.een 4 447 ± 169 ng As/g and 6 983 4- 367 ng As/g, t.ough RGI values indicat.d accumulat.on did not.affect.growt. and development. In all cases, t.e LC50＇s and LC90＇s of Cx. quinquefasciat.s exposed joint.y wit. arsenic and Bt./Ls were higher t.an Cx. t.rsafis. Cx. t.rsafis reared in arsenit. showed a significant.reduct.on in t.eir Bt. LC90 values compared t. t.e cont.ol, indicat.ng a sublet.al effect.of Bt.. When exposed joint.y wit. Ls, arsenit. was more t.xic t.an arsenat. in Cx. t.rsalis. Overall, t.ese result. indicat. t.lerance of t.ese Culex species t. arsenic exposures, and why t.is may occur is discussed.

关键词： arsenat. arsenit. Bsph Bt. Culex t.rsalis Culex quinquefasciat.s

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Int.gral sliding mode based opt.mal composit. nonlinear feedback cont.ol for a class of syst.ms

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Cont.ol t.eory and t.chnology 2014年第2期12卷 139-146页

作者： Zhou ZHENG Weijie SUN Hui CHEN john t. W. YEOW College of Aut.mat.on Science and Engineering South China University of Technology

t.is paper present. an opt.mizat.on met.od of designing t.e int.gral sliding mode （ISM） based composit. nonlinear feedback （CNF） cont.oller for a class of low order linear syst.ms wit. input.sat.rat.on. t.e opt.mal CNF cont.ol is first.designed as a nominal cont.ol t. yield high t.acking speed and low overshoot. t.e select.on of all t.e t.ning paramet.rs for t.e CNF cont.ol law is t.rned int. a minimizat.on problem and solved aut.mat.cally by part.cle swarm opt.mizat.on （PSO） algorit.m. Subsequent.y, t.e discont.nuous cont.ol law is int.oduced t. reject.mat.hed dist.rbances. t.en, t.e opt.mal ISM-CNF cont.ol law is achieved as t.e sum of t.e opt.mal CNF cont.ol law and t.e discont.nuous cont.ol law. t.e effect.veness of t.e opt.mal ISM-CNF cont.oller is verified by comparing wit. a st.p by st.p designed one. High t.acking performance is achieved by applying t.e opt.mal ISM-CNF cont.oller t. t.e t.acking cont.ol of t.e micromirror.

关键词： Composit. nonlinear feedback Int.gral sliding mode Input.sat.rat.on PSO Micromirror

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Chronic exposure t. elevat.d levels of manganese and nickel is not.harmful t. a cosmopolit.n det.it.vore, Megaselia scalaris （Dipt.ra： Phoridae）

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Insect.Science 2009年第1期16卷 73-79页

作者： Mary A. Sorensen C. Mae Chase-Dunn john t. t.umble Depart.ent.of Ent.mology University of California Riverside California 92521 USA

Environment.l cont.minat.on wit. met.ls such as manganese （Mn） and nickel （Ni） oft.n result. in elevat.d concent.at.ons of t.ese met.ls in plant.t.ssues. At.high concent.at.ons, t.ese met.ls are known t. have det.iment.l effect. on cert.in insect.herbivores. Using laborat.ry bioassays and art.ficial diet. we invest.gat.d t.e development.and survival of a cosmopolit.n insect.det.it.vore, Megaselia scalaris （Dipt.ra： Phoridae）, exposed t. concent.at.ons of Mn and Ni reaching 2 600 mg Mn/kg and 5 200 mg Ni/kg dry mass （dm） in art.ficial diet. Surprisingly, Ni and Mn at.t.e concent.at.ons t.st.d did not.harm t.is fly. t.eat.ent.groups from diet. wit. 260-2 600 mg Mn/kg dm and 1 300-5 200 mg Ni/kg dm had significant.y short.r larval development.t.mes, overall t.mes t. adult.emergence, and bot. pupariat.on and pupal eclosion t.mes compared t. a cont.ol group. Wing lengt. of females, a correlat. of adult.fit.ess, was also great.r in met.l t.eat.ent.groups. Ot.er measures including rat. of egg hat.h, percent.ge of emerging flies t.at.were female, and wing lengt. of male flies, were not.significant.y different.in met.l t.eat.ent.groups. We conclude t.at.Megaselia scalaris is t.lerant.of except.onally high levels of Mn and Ni.

关键词： det.it.vore element.l defense heavy met.l hyperaccumulat.r pollut.on

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A CASCADIC MULt.GRID ALGORIt.M FOR COMPUt.NG t.E FIEDLER VECt.R OF GRAPH LAPLACIANS

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Journal of Comput.t.onal Mat.emat.cs 2015年第2期33卷 209-226页

作者： john C. Urschel Jinchao Xu Xiaozhe Hu Ludmil t. Zikat.nov Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs Penn State University Pennsylvania USA Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs Tufts University Medford MA 02155 Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs Penn State University Pennsylvania USA Institute of Mathematics and Informatics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria

In t.is paper, we develop a cascadic mult.grid algorit.m for fast.comput.t.on of t.e Fiedler vect.r of a graph Laplacian, namely, t.e eigenvect.r corresponding t. t.e second smallest.eigenvalne. t.is vect.r has been found t. have applicat.ons in fields such as graph part.t.oning and graph drawing. t.e algorit.m is a purely algebraic approach based on a heavy edge coarsening scheme and point.ise smoot.ing for refinement. t. gain t.eoret.cal insight. we also consider t.e relat.d cascadic mult.grid met.od in t.e geomet.ic set.ing for ellipt.c eigenvalue problems and show it. uniform convergence under cert.in assumpt.ons. Numerical t.st. are present.d for comput.ng t.e Fiedler vect.r of several pract.cal graphs, and numerical result. show t.e efficiency and opt.malit. of our proposed cascadic mult.grid algorit.m.

关键词： Graph Laplacian Cascadic Mult.grid Fiedler vect.r Ellipt.c eigenvalue prob-lems.

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Improving t.e elect.ochemical performance of α-MoO_(3) elect.ode using aluminium t.ifluoromet.anesulfonat. wat.r-in-salt.elect.olyt.

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Journal of Energy Chemist.y 2023年第3期78卷 123-134,I0004页

作者： Ayman E.Elkholy t.mot.y t.Duignan ruth Knibbe Xiu Song Zhao School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt Lucia CampusBrisbane 4072Australia School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandSt Lucia CampusBrisbane 4072Australia

Ort.orhombic molybdenum t.ioxide(α-MoO_(3)) elect.ode mat.rial experiences severe capacit. fading and poor cycling st.bilit. in aqueous *** invest.gat.d t.e charge-st.rage performance of α-MoO_(3) elect.ode in aluminium t.ifluoromet.anesulfonat.(Al(Ot.)_(3))-based salt.in-wat.r elect.olyt.(SiWE) and wat.r-in-salt.elect.olyt.(WiSE).It.was found t.at.α-MoO_(3) elect.ode exhibit. significant.y different.cycling st.bilit.es in bot. elect.olyt.s wit. capacit. ret.nt.ons of 8% using t.e former and87% using t.e *** is because α-MoO_(3) elect.ode maint.ins it. cryst.l st.uct.re upon cycling in WiSE,but.experiences subst.nt.al st.uct.ral collapses and part.al dissolut.on upon cycling in *** behaviour was inferred from bot. operando elect.ogravimet.y and ex sit. *** result. suggest.t.at.t.e predominant.charge-st.rage mechanism in a-MoO_(3) elect.ode using WiSE is t.e int.rcalat.on of prot.ns produced from elect.olyt. hydrolysis wit. some cont.ibut.on from surface pseudocapacit.nce enabled by Al3+ions.A t.o-volt.full cell fabricat.d from α-MoO_(3) elect.ode as anode and copper hexacyanoferrat.(CuHCF) elect.ode as cat.ode using WiSE delivers volumet.ic and gravimet.ic energies of 10.4 Wh/L and 26.5 Wh/kg,respect.vely,wit. 78% capacit. ret.nt.on aft.r 2500 *** st.dy provides an insight.ul underst.nding of t.e elect.ochemical performance of α-MoO_(3) elect.ode in Al(Ot.)_(3)-based elect.olyt.s.

关键词： Molybdenum oxide Aqueous elect.olyt. Wat.r-in-salt.elect.olyt. Aqueous bat.eries Pseudocapacit.nce

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