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New Record Ocean Temperatures and Related Climate Indicators in 2023

Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1068-1082页

作者： Lijing CHENG john ABRAHAM Kevin E.TRENBERTH Tim BOYER Michael EMANN Jiang ZHU Fan WANG Fujiang YU Ricardo LOCARNINI john FAsULLO Fei ZHENG Yuanlong LI Bin ZHANG Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Dakui WANG Licheng FENG Xiangzhou sONG Yulong LIU Franco REsEGHETTI simona sIMONCELLI Viktor GOURETsKI Gengxin CHEN Alexey MIsHONOV Jim REAGAN Karina VON sCHUCKMANN Yuying PAN Zhetao TAN Yujing ZHU Wangxu WEI Guancheng LI Qiuping REN Lijuan CAO Yayang LU International Center for Climate and Environment sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of st.Thomas School of EngineeringMinnesota 55105USA NsF National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderColorado 80307USA University of Auckland Auckland 1010New Zealand National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environmental InformationSilver SpringMaryland 20910USA Department of Earth and Environmental science University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaBeijing 100081China Oceanographic Data Center Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China National Marine Data and Information service Tianjin 300171China Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentS.Teresa Research CenterLerici 19032Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sede di BolognaBologna 40128Italy south China sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China EssIC/CIsEss-MD University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20740USA Mercator Ocean International Toulouse 31400France Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment AdministrationMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentPRCGuangzhou 510611China National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China International Research Center of Big Data for sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China

The global physical and biogeochemical environment has been substantially altered in response to increased atmospheric greenhouse gases from human *** 2023,the sea surface temperature(ssT)and upper 2000 m ocean heat content(OHC)reached record *** 0–2000 m OHC in 2023 exceeded that of 2022 by 15±10 ZJ(1 Zetta Joules=1021 Joules)(updated IAP/CAs data);9±5 ZJ(NCEI/NOAA data).The Tropical Atlantic Ocean,the Mediterranean sea,and southern oceans recorded their highest OHC observed since the *** with the onset of a strong El Niño,the global ssT reached its record high in 2023 with an annual mean of~0.23℃ higher than 2022 and an astounding>0.3℃ above 2022 values for the second half of *** density stratification and spatial temperature inhomogeneity indexes reached their highest values in 2023.

关键词： ocean heat content salinity stratification global warming climate

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Outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy for hallux rigidus:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 585-592页

作者： Katherine Esser James J Butler Mackenzie Roof Nathaniel P Mercer Michael C Harrington Alan P samsonov Andrew J Rosenbaum john G Kennedy Department of Orthopaedic surgery University of Toledo Medical Center University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH 43614United States Department of Orthopedic surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10002United States Department of Orthopedic surgery Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

BACKGROUND Cheilectomy of the 1^(st)metatarsophalangeal joint(MTPJ)is one of the most common procedures for the management of hallux ***,there is no consensus regarding outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy(MIDC)for the management of hallux *** To evaluate outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux *** During November 2023,the PubMed,EMBAsE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies examining outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux *** six studies were *** total,348 patients(370 feet)underwent MIDC for hallux rigidus at a weighted mean follow-up of 37.9±16.5 *** distribution of patients by Coughlin and shurna's classification was recorded in 4 studies as follows:Ⅰ(58 patients,27.1%),Ⅱ(112 patients,52.3%),Ⅲ(44 patients,20.6%).Three studies performed an additional 1^(st)MTPJ arthroscopy and debridement following *** intra-articular bone debris was observed in 100%of patients in 1 *** weighted mean American orthopedic foot and ankle society score improved from a preoperative score of 68.9±3.2 to a postoperative score of *** complication rate was 8.4%,the most common of which was persistent joint pain and ***-two failures(8.7%)were ***-three secondary procedures(8.9%)were performed at a weighted mean time of 8.6±3.2 months following the index *** This systematic review demonstrated improvements in subjective clinical outcomes together with a moderate complication rate following MIDC for the management of hallux rigidus at short-term follow-up.A moderate reoperation rate at short-term follow-up was *** marked heterogeneity between included studies and paucity of high quality comparative studies limits the generation of any robust conclusions.

关键词： Minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy Hallux rigidus The first metatarsophalangeal joint Cheilectomy Minimally invasive surgery

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seasonal changes in Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) song syntax

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 172-179页

作者： sean P.Roach Luke C.McLean Jeff W.MacLeod Leslie s.Phillmore Psychology Department University of New Brunswick Saint John100 Tucker Park RoadSaint JohnNBCanada Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Dalhousie University1355 Oxford StHalifaxNSB3H 4J1Canada

In many songbird species,birdsong features phonological syntax,meaning that the units within their vocal se-quences are ordered in a non-random way that adheres to a *** such syntactical patterns have been richly described in many species,comparatively little is known about how those patterns contribute to song achieving its important *** each of song’s main functions,territorial defense and mate attraction,evidence of a role for syntax is *** species for which syntax has been thoroughly described is the Hermit Thrush(Catharus guttatus),which presents song types from their repertoires in a semi-predictable order and,in doing so,rapidly cycle up and down the frequency *** objective of the present study was to explore the importance of song syntax in the Hermit Thrush through a within-subject examination of how measures of syntax,such as the predictability of song type order within song sequences,shift over the breeding *** hypothesized that,if such syntactical characteristics are important to breeding behaviour,they would be most prominent at the start of the breeding season when activity associated with territory establishment and mate attraction is most *** revealed that,as predicted,the rigidness of song type ordering within se-quences was highest at the start of the season and declined *** song type sequences were most predictable at the vitally important early part of the breeding season fit our hypothesis that this aspect of song syntax is important to song’s functions related to territory establishment and/or mate *** work will clarify whether that role relates to one of song’s two main functions or serves song transmission in some broader way.

关键词： Birdsong Hermit Thrush seasonal change stereotypy syntax

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Rethinking neurodegenerative diseases:neurometabolic concept linking lipid oxidation to diseases in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1437-1445页

作者： steinunn sara Helgudóttir Anne skøttrup Mørkholt Jacek Lichota Preben Bruun-Nyzell Mads Christian Andersen Nanna Marie Juhl Kristensen Amanda Krøger Johansen Mikela Reinholdt Zinn Hulda Maria Jensdóttir john Dirk Vestergaard Nieland 2N Pharma Aps NOVI Science ParkAalborgDenmark Molecular Pharmacology Group Department of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark

Currently,there is a lack of effective medicines capable of halting or reve rsing the progression of neurodegenerative disorde rs,including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,Parkinson s disease,multiple sclerosis,or Alzheimer s *** the unmet medical need,it is necessary to reevaluate the existing para digms of how to to rget these *** considering neurodegenerative diseases from a systemic neurometabolic perspective,it becomes possible to explain the shared pathological *** innovative approach presented in this paper draws upon exte nsive research conducted by the authors and researchers *** this review,we highlight the importance of metabolic mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of neurodegenerative *** provide an overview of the risk factors associated with developing neurodegenerative disorders,including genetic,epigenetic,and environmental fa ***,we examine pathological mechanisms implicated in these diseases such as oxidative stress,accumulation of misfolded proteins,inflammation,demyelination,death of neurons,insulin resistance,dysbiosis,and neurotransmitter ***,we outline a proposal for the restoration of mitochondrial metabolism,a crucial aspect that may hold the key to facilitating curative therapeutic interventions for neurodegenerative disorders in forthcoming advancements.

关键词： brain disease carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 epigenetics metabolism gut microbiome mitochondrial dysfunction neurodegeneration oxidative stress

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水上运动

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第8期 21-24,52,53,56页

作者： john Telfer 不详

夏天是去海上玩的绝佳时机。有些人只喜欢在海浪当中玩耍或者游泳,有些人则喜欢冲浪。学习冲浪不难,但是需要练习。你只需要一块冲浪板、海浪和良好的平衡感就可以了。你必须学习站在冲浪板上不掉下来!学会这一点需要时间,所以不断尝试... 详细信息

夏天是去海上玩的绝佳时机。有些人只喜欢在海浪当中玩耍或者游泳,有些人则喜欢冲浪。学习冲浪不难,但是需要练习。你只需要一块冲浪板、海浪和良好的平衡感就可以了。你必须学习站在冲浪板上不掉下来!学会这一点需要时间,所以不断尝试就对了。你还可以学习冲浪技巧!有些人甚至能够腾空跃起,越过海浪。

关键词：水上运动平衡感冲浪腾空游泳绝佳时机海浪学习

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新兴和发展中经济体的资本管制与美国货币政策的传导

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新金融 2024年第4期 21-28,36页

作者： Jongrim Ha Haiqin Liu john Rogers 李丽丽(译) 周正铭(译) 世界银行复旦大学不详

与发达经济体相比,新兴市场和发展中经济体(EMDEs)的资产收益波动性要大得多。学术界对此现象的研究结果是“各国无法从全球金融周期中脱钩”。文章利用1995—2019年间78个国家的结构向量自回归模型,以及文献中识别美国货币政策冲击的... 详细信息

与发达经济体相比,新兴市场和发展中经济体(EMDEs)的资产收益波动性要大得多。学术界对此现象的研究结果是“各国无法从全球金融周期中脱钩”。文章利用1995—2019年间78个国家的结构向量自回归模型,以及文献中识别美国货币政策冲击的不同方法,检验了资本账户开放程度较低的国家对美国货币政策冲击的系统性反应小于资本管制宽松的国家这一命题。文章还考虑了汇率制度和外汇干预等其他制度特征在解释各国对冲击的反应差异方面的作用。实证结果表明:较严格的资本管制会使利率和汇率对美国货币政策冲击的反应较小,该结果在新兴市场经济国家中更为显著;只有微弱的证据表明汇率的灵活程度会影响美国对外国利率和汇率的溢出效应。本刊编译此篇世界银行的研究报告,以飨读者。

关键词：资本管制溢出效应资本流动管理全球金融周期美联储

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The barnacle and the building:a modern morality tale

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第2期3卷 68-74页

作者： john s.BUCKERIDGE Earth and Oceanic systems Research Group RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

A rare and almost complete barnacle fossil,previously described on the basis of two isolated shell fragments,wasrecently exposed in a limestone block on the outer wall of Melbourne’s Old Magistrates’Courts in Victoria,*** courts comprise one of the oldest and grandest buildings in Melbourne and because of this they have aheritage *** heritage-listed buildings are protected from alteration by law,and as removal of the fossil wouldbe deemed“alteration”,official permission had to be obtained to extract the *** paper discusses theprocesses involved with extraction of a unique specimen from a protected building and provides an overview of thepalaeontological significance of the *** is given to the likely fate of a fossil of this nature,situateda little below eye level on a busy city street,if it was left in situ;finally,the implications of designating a holotypefrom material removed from a building are assessed.

关键词： conservation fossil barnacle heritage-listed buildings.

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Opportunism and the resilience of barnacles (Cirripedia: Thoracica) to environmental change

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 137-146页

作者： john s.BUCKERIDGE Earth and Oceanic systems RMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia

Cirripede-like organisms have their origins in the Palaeozoic,but until the Cainozoic,were represented primarily by pedunculated forms,such as the *** barnacles(Balanomorpha)are first recorded after the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction *** the late Palaeogene,rapid radiation of cirripedes resulted in sufficient diversification for them to occupy most marine *** they survived both the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum and the Pleistocene glaciation is testament to their ability to rapidly adapt to *** wide habitat distribution of balanomorphs in particular is unparalleled;they are known from the upper littoral(Chthamalus)to depths of 3600 m(Tetrachaelasma)and within this attached to rock,wood and miscellaneous flotsam,plus in symbiosis or commensalism with larger marine ***’s(1854)view of the Tertiary as the age of barnacles is reflected in this diversity,distribution and *** cirripedes are,nonetheless,at risk,from rapid habitat change,competition,pollution and,especially in light of their sessile habit,from *** paper assesses the viability of a number of cirripedes and concludes that the Lepadiformes,scalpelliformes and Balanomorpha are the most resilient,and will most quickly adapt to occupy new niches when opportunities arise.

关键词： adaptation Cirripedia distribution environmental change

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Flow and Heat Transfer of a Dusty Williamson MHD Nanofluid Flow over a Permeable Cylinder in a Porous Medium

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2024年第2期14卷 100-122页

作者： Oluranti Adejoke Adekanmbi-Akinseye Olugbenga john Fenuga Hamzat Afe Isede Musibau Gbeminiyi sobamowo Department of Mathematics University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

This study investigates the flow and heat transfer of dusty Williamson (MHD) Nanofluid flow over a stretching permeable cylinder in a porous medium. Dusty Williamson Nanofluid was considered due to its thermal properties and potential benefits of increasing the heat transfer rate. Firstly, partial differential equations are transformed into coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations through a similarity variables transformation. The resulting set of dimensionless equations is solved analytically by using the Homogony Perturbation Method (HPM). The effects of the emerging parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles as well as skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number are publicized through tables and graphs with appropriate discussions. The present result has been compared with published papers and found to be in agreement. To the best of author’s knowledge, there has been sparse research work in the literature that considers the effect of dust with Williamson Nanofluid and also solving the problem analytically. Therefore to the best of author’s knowledge, this is the first time analytical solution has been established for the problem. The results revealed that the fluid velocity of both the fluid and dust phases decreases as the Williamson parameter increases. Motivated by the above limitations and the gaps in past works, therefore, it is hoped that the present work will assist in providing accurate solutions to many practical problems in science, industry and engineering.

关键词： Williamson Dusty Particles Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) Magneto Hydrodynamic (MHD) Nanofluid Porous Medium stretching Cylinder

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Effect of Tillage Practices on Hydro-Physical Properties of soils in a Rice-Grown Environment in North Central Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第5期15卷 527-536页

作者： Ebierni Akpoebidimiyen Otuaro john Jiya Musa Felix Oguche Abayomi Ibrahim Kuti Abubakar Ndaman Civil Engineering Department Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Institute of Water and Environmental Management Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management University of Debrecen Boszormenyi St Hungary

This study details soil’s physical and chemical properties in a rice-grown environment in Minna environs Niger state, Nigeria, under different soil and water conservation practices. soil samples were collected at 0 - 10 cm, 10 - 20 cm and 20 - 30 cm, respectively, using a soil auger to determine their physical and chemical properties such as moisture content, particle size, bulk density, particle density, porosity and organic matter. The textural classification determined the percentage dominance of the soil types in each study site location. The moisture content of site 1 ranged between 14.3% to 13.7%, site 2 ranged between 13.2% to 10.2%, site 3 ranged between 15.4% to 13.2%, site 4 ranged between 15.6% to 13.6% and site 5 ranged between 16.1% to 10.9%. The clay content of sites 3, 4 and 5 is higher than that of sites 1 and 2, while the silt contents of sites 1, 2 and 3 are higher than that of sites 4 and 5. The mean value of soil organic carbon from each study location was 2.37%, 2.03%, 2.43%, 2.07% and 2.17% for sites 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Therefore, site 1 is susceptible to erosion because of poor infiltration rate and well-ploughed or cultivated land by the tractor (harrowed). The particle sizes analysis indicated that the soil type in site 1 and site 2 is mainly sandy loam, while site 3 and site 5 are mainly loamy and predominantly clay loam in site 4.

关键词： Degradation Erosion Fertility Irrigation Management

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