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Nonuniform Dependence on the Initial Data for Solutions of Conservation Laws

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Communications on Applied mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 489-500页

作者： john m.Holmes Barbara lee Keyfitz Department of mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

In this paper,we study systems of conservation laws in one space *** prove that for classical solutions in Sobolev spaces H^(s),with s>3/2,the data-to-solution map is not uniformly *** results apply to all nonlinear s... 详细信息

关键词： Conservation laws Data-to-solution map Nonuniform dependence

A parsimonious Bayesian predictive model for forecasting new reported cases of West Nile disease

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Infectious Disease modelling 2024年第4期9卷 1175-1197页

作者： Saman Hosseini lee W.Cohnstaedt john m.Humphreys Caterina Scoglio Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA Foreign Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit National Bio-and Agro-defense Facility USDA ARSManhattanKSUSA Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit National Bio-and Agro-defense FacilityUSDA ARSManhattanKSUSA

Upon researching predictive models related toWest Nile virus disease,it is discovered that there are numerous parameters and extensive information in most models,thus contributing to unnecessary *** challenge frequently encountered is the lead time,which refers to the period for which predictions are made and often is too *** paper addresses these issues by introducing a parsimonious method based on ICC curves,offering a logistic distribution model derived from the vector-borne SEIR *** existing models relying on diverse environmental data,our approach exclusively utilizes historical and present infected human cases(number of new cases).With a yearlong lead time,the predictions extend throughout the 12 months,gaining precision as new data *** conditions are derived to minimize Bayesian loss,enhancing predictive *** construct a Bayesian forecasting probability density function using carefully selected prior *** these functions,we predict monthspecific infections nationwide,rigorously evaluating accuracy with probabilistic ***,HPD credible intervals at 90%,95%,and 99%levels is *** assessment is conducted for HPD intervals,measuring the proportion of intervals that does not include actual reported cases for 2020e2022.

关键词： West nile virus ICC curve Bayesian model Logistic distribution HPD credible interval

Immunotherapy of gastric cancer:Present status and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 779-793页

作者： john K Triantafillidis manousos m Konstadoulakis Apostolos E Papalois Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit “Metropolitan General”HospitalHolargos 15562AtticaGreece.Hellenic Society for Gastrointestinal Oncology354 Iera OdosChaidari 12461AtticaGreece Second Department of Surgery University of Athens School of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528AtticaGreece Unit of Surgical Research and Training Second Department of SurgeryUniversity of AthensSchool of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528AtticaGreece

In this editorial,we comment on the article entitled“Advances and key focus areas in gastric cancer immunotherapy:A comprehensive scientometric and clinical trial review(1999-2023),”which was published in the recent issue of the World Journal of *** focused on the results of the authors’bibliometric analysis concerning gastric cancer immunotherapy,which they analyzed in depth by compiling the relevant publications of the last 20 *** that,we briefly describe the most recent data concerning the epidemiological parameters of gastric cancer(GC)in different countries,attempting to give an interpretation based on the etiological factors involved in the etiopathogenesis of the *** then briefly discuss the conservative treatment(chemotherapy)of the various forms of this malignant *** describe the treatment of resectable tumors,locally advanced neoplasms,and unresectable(advanced)*** attention is given to modern therapeutic approaches with emphasis on immunotherapy,which seems to be the future of GC treatment,especially in combination with *** is also a thorough analysis of the results of the study under review in terms of the number of scientific publications,the countries in which the studies were conducted,the authors,and the scientific centers of origin,as well as the clinical studies in ***,an attempt is made to draw some conclusions and to point out possible future directions.

关键词： Gastric cancer Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitors Bibliometrics Scientometrics

Aerodynamics of a Tandem-Bladed Axial Compressor Rotor under Circumferential Distortion at Different Rotational Speeds

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1340-1356页

作者： Amit KUmAR Jerry T.john A.m.PRADEEP R.A.DAKKERmANS Dragan KOZULOVIC Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India Department of Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering Hamburg University of Applied Sciences20099HamburgGermany Institute of Jet Propulsion Bundeswehr University Munich85577NeubibergGermany

For most aircraft engines,inflow distortion is *** distortion is known to degrade the aerodynamic performance and stable operating limits of a *** rotor configuration is an arrangement that effectively controls the growth of the boundary layer over the suction surface of the ***,a higher total pressure rise can be achieved through this unconventional design approach involving the splitting of the blade into forward and aft *** is expected that the effect of inlet flow distortion would be more severe for a tandem-rotor design due to the greater flow turning inherent in such ***,this aspect needs to be thoroughly *** present study discusses the effect of circumferential distortion on the tandem-rotor at different rotational ***-annulus RANS simulations using ANSYS CFX are used in the present *** performance of the rotor at a particular flow coefficient and different rotational speeds is *** total pressure and efficiency are observed to drop at lower mass flow rates under the influence of circumferential *** loss region in each blade passage is mainly associated with the blade wake,tip leakage vortex,secondary flow,and boundary ***,their contribution varies from passage to passage,particularly in the distorted *** the lower span,the wake width is found to be higher than that at a higher *** to the redistribution of the mass flow,the circumferential extent reduces at a higher *** the undistorted sector,the strength of the tip leakage vortex is significantly higher at the design rotational speed than at lower *** distortion near the tip region promotes an early vortex breakdown even at the design operating *** adversely affects the total pressure,efficiency,and stall *** clean flow conditions,this phenomenon is only observed near the stall *** the design operating condition,the breakdown of the forward rotor tip l

关键词： tandem rotor circumferential distortion loss tip leakage vortex vortex breakdown diffusion factor aerodynamics of compressor blade

从H1N1血凝素序列提取的沙门氏菌传递的COBRA-HA1抗原对甲型流感亚型产生广谱保护作用

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 41-56页

作者： Ram Prasad Aganja Amal Senevirathne Chandran Sivasankar john Hwa lee Department of Veterinary Public Health College of Veterinary MedicineJeonbuk National UniversityIksan 54596Republic of Korea Department of Preventive medicine College of Veterinary MedicineChungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

A universal vaccine is in high demand to address the uncertainties of antigenic drift and the reduced effectiveness of current influenza *** this study,a strategy called computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen(COBRA)was used to generate a consensus sequence of the hemagglutinin globular head portion(HA1)of influenza virus samples collected from 1918 to 2021 to trace evolutionary changes and incorporate them into the designed *** carrying different HA1regions were delivered into eukaryotic cells by Salmonella-mediated bactofection using a Semliki Forest virus RNA-dependent RNApolymerase(RdRp)-based eukaryotic expression system,*** protein expression was confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence *** immunized with the designed constructs produced a humoral response,with a significant increase in immunoglobulin G(IgG)levels,and a cell-mediated immune response,including a 1.5-fold increase in CD4^(+) and CD8^(+)T ***,constructs #1 and #5 increased the production of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)producing CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cells,skewing the response toward the T helper type 1 cell(Th1)***,interleukin-4(IL-4)-producing T cells were upregulated *** efficacy was demonstrated,with up to 4-fold higher production of neutralizing antibodies and a hemagglutination inhibition titer>40 against the selected viral *** designed constructs conferred a broadly protective immune response,resulting in a notable reduction in viral titer and minimal inflammation in the lungs of mice challenged with the influenza A/PR8/34,A/Brisbane/59/2007,A/California/07/2009,KBPV VR-92,and NCCP 43021 *** discovery revolutionizes influenza vaccine design and delivery;Salmonella-mediated COBRA-HA1 is a highly effective in vivo antigen presentation *** approach can effectively combat seasonal H1N1 influenza strains and potential pandemic outbreaks.

关键词： COBRA Influenza A Salmonella Vaccine Broad spectral protection

A holistic approach to improving safety for battery energy storage systems

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 422-439页

作者： James Close Jonathan E.Barnard Y.m.john Chew Semali Perera Department of Chemical Engineering Centre for DigitalManufacturing&DesignUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK iomosaic International Limited 16-18 Queen SquareBath BA12HNUK

The integration of battery energy storage systems(BESS)throughout our energy chain poses concerns regarding safety,especially since batteries have high energy density and numerous BESS failure events have *** spread adoption will only increase the prevalence of these failure events unless there is a step change in the management and design of *** understand the causes of failure,the main challenges of BESS safety are *** consequences and failure events are discussed,including specific focus on the chain of events causing thermal runaway,and a case study of a BESS explosion in Surprise Arizona is *** on the technology and past events,a paradigm shift is required to improve BESS *** this review,a holistic approach is *** combines currently adopted approaches including battery cell testing,lumped cell mathematical modelling,and calorimetry,alongside additional measures taken to ensure BESS safety including the requirement for computational fluid dynamics and kinetic modelling,assessment of installation level testing of the full BESS system and not simply a single cell battery test,hazard and layers of protection analysis,gas chromatography,and composition *** holistic approach proposed in this study aims to address challenges of BESS safety and form the basis of a paradigm shift in the safety management and design of these systems.

关键词： Energy storagesystems Process safety Battery safety Thermal safety

Strengthening mechanisms analysis and tailoring of bimodal grain structures for enhanced strength in CoCrFemnNi high-entropy alloys

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Rare metals 2024年第8期43卷 3893-3903页

作者： Jaesoung lee Seulgi Kim Taehyun Kwon Young II Kim Suyeon Kim Sung Ho Song Bin lee Dongju lee Department of Urban Energyand Environmental EngineeringChungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Republic of Korea Division of Advanced materials Engineering Kongju National UniversityChungnam 330-717Republic of Korea Department of Advanced materials Engineering for Information and Electronics Integrated-Education Institute for Frontier Science and Technology(BK21 Four)Kyung Hee UniversityYongin17104Republic of Korea

The CoCrFemnNi high-entropy alloys(HEAs)with a(face-centered cubic) FCC structure has garnered considerable attention for its exceptional ductility and strain hardening ***,its yield strength is insufficient for structural *** this study,strengthening mechanisms in these HEAs were investigated to gain insight into the mechanical properties according to alloy powder ***,we present a novel approach to achieve both high strength and high ductility through the creation of a bimodal structure consisting of both coarse and fine grains via gas atomization and spark plasma sintering processes.A bimodally structured HEA prepared with a mass ratio of 2:8 between coarse particles(75-106 μm) and fine particles(≤25 μm)yielded optimal results,with a strength of 491.95 mPa and elongation of 19.64%.This strength value represents an~41% increase compared with the sample that displayed a fine single microstructure(347.08 mPa for yield strength).The strength enhancement was attributed to the prevention of plastic deformation initiation from the fine particles during *** innovative approach to the creation of HEAs with bimodal structures shows promise for various applications,such as structural components that require a combination of high strength and high ductility.

关键词： High-entropy alloys CrCoFemoNi Bimodal Gas atomization mechanical properties

Combination treatment of inflammatory bowel disease:Present status and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2068-2080页

作者： john K Triantafillidis Constantinos G Zografos manousos m Konstadoulakis Apostolos E Papalois Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit "Metropolitan General"HospitalHolargos 15562AtticaGreece Hellenic Society for Gastrointestinal Oncology 354 Iera OdosChaidari 12461AtticaGreece The 2^(nd)Department of Surgery University of AthensSchool of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528Greece Unit of Surgical Research and Training The 2^(nd)Department of SurgeryUniversity of AthensSchool of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528Greece

The treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),especially those with severe or refractory disease,represents an important challenge for the clinical *** seems to be no exaggeration to say that in these patients,not only the scientific background of the gastroenterologist is tested,but also the abundance of“gifts”that he should possess(insight,intuition,determ-ination,ability to take initiative,etc.)for the successful outcome of the *** daily clinical practice,depending on the severity of the attack,IBD is treated with one or a combination of two or more pharmaceutical *** combin-ations include not only the first-line drugs(e.g.,mesalazine,corticosteroids,antibiotics,etc)but also second-and third-line drugs(immunosuppressants and biologic agents).It is a fact that despite the significant therapeutic advances there is still a significant percentage of patients who do not satisfactorily respond to the treatment ***,a part of these patients are going to *** recent years,several small-size clinical studies,reviews,and case reports have been published combining not only biological agents with other drugs(e.g.,immunosuppressants or corticosteroids)but also the combination of two biologi-cal agents simultaneously,especially in severe *** our opinion,it is at least a strange(and largely unexplained)fact that we often use combinations of drugs in a given patient although studies comparing the simultaneous administration of two or more drugs with monotherapy are very *** mentioned above,there is a timid tendency in the literature to combine two biological agents in severe cases unresponsive to the applied treatment or patients with severe extraintestinal *** appropriate dosage,the duration of the administration,the suitable timing for checking the clinical and laboratory outcome,as well as the treatment side-effects,should be the subject of intense clinical research *** this

关键词： Biologics for immune-mediated conditions Dual-targeted treatment Combination treatment Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s

Investigating low dispersion isotope dissolution Lu-Hf garnet dates via in situ Lu-Hf geochronology,Kanchenjunga Himal

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第3期15卷 137-145页

作者： Kyle P.Larson john m.Cottle mark Button Brendan Dyck Iva Lihter Sudip Shrestha Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaOkanaganKelownaCanada Department of Earth Science University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraUSA Fipke Laboratory for Trace Element Research University of British ColumbiaOkanaganKelownaCanada

Re-examination of three specimens from the Kanchenjunga Himal of Nepal via in situ Lu-Hf garnet geochronology yields evidence of multiple garnet growth *** analyses from grain cores in two specimens define Paleozoic regressions whereas analyses from grain rims in the same specimens define low-precision regressions consistent with the timing of Himalayan *** dates contrast with previously published low dispersion,ca.290 ma isotope dissolution(ID)Lu-Hf garnet dates for the same *** of Lu and spot age distribution in representative grains from the specimens examined yields calculated dates that approximate the Permian-age regressions through the original ID *** findings demonstrate that it is possible to generate low dispersion ID Lu-Hf data from multigenerational garnet with significantly different-age growth events when approximately equal proportions of the different age reservoirs are included in multi-component aliquots.

关键词： Lu-Hf geochronology In situ Lu-Hf geochronology Kanchenjunga Himal