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Effect of L-theanine combined with geniposide on depression-like behavior induced by the chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) in mice

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Qi-Ming Yu Yan Zhu Tao Jiang Ying Gao Nan Ling Na Wang john Shi Wei-Chun Pan Qi-Zhen Du Jun-feng Yin Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization Ministry of Agriculture College of food and Health Sciences Zhejiang A & f University Zhejiang Gongshang University Guelph food Research Center Agriculture and Agri-food Canada College of Public Health Guilin Medical University

Depression is a prevalent mental disorder with limited effective treatments， posing a significant global issue. This study explored L-theanine and geniposide， key components in "food-medicine homology" materials， to determine if their combination (TG) could alleviate depression-like behaviors and hippocampal neuronal damage in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model. Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into control， CUMS model， and CUMS+TG groups with varying doses. The CUMS group displayed depression-like behaviors， including reduced activity and sucrose preference. TG treatment partially reversed these changes， significantly increasing antioxidant enzyme activities， decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels， and improving neuromodulator levels. RNA-seq analysis identified the transthyretin (TTR) gene， upregulated in the model group but downregulated after TG treatment. TG treatment modulated intestinal microbiota composition compared to the CUMS group， including increased firmicutes， reduced Bacteroidetes and Prevotella， and variable changes in Bifidobacterium abundance. In conclusion， our study indicates that CUMS exposure upregulates stress hormones and TTR expression， associated with neuroinflammation， oxidative stress， monoamine depletion， depression-like behaviors， and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. TG treatment alleviates these effects and modulates intestinal microbiota， suggesting L-theanine and geniposide’s potential as a novel depression therapy.

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The Use of VGPM to Estimate Oceanic Primary Production:A“Tango”Difficult to Dance

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Journal of Remote Sensing 2022年第1期2022卷 139-145页

作者： Zhongping Lee john f.Marra State Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science College of Earth and Ocean SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamenChina School for the Environment University of Massachusetts BostonBostonMA 02125USA Brooklyn College of the City University of New York BrooklynNY 11210USA

One of the primary goals of launching an ocean color satellite is to obtain over the global ocean synoptic measurements of primary production(PP),a measure of phytoplankton *** reach this ultimate goal,in addition to precise measurements of radiance at the satellite altitude and robust data processing systems,a key requirement is to link primary production with satellitederived products,where a model must be developed and *** many models have been developed in the past decades,the vertically generalized production model(VGPM)developed by Behrenfeld and falkowski,due to its simplicity and ease of use with satellite products,has been a de facto“standard”for the estimation of PP from ocean color measurements over the past 20+***,it has significantly influenced the ocean color remote sensing and the biological oceanographic *** this article,we discuss the limitations of VGPM(and PP models based on chlorophyll concentration)in estimating primary production.

关键词： Dance simplicity precise

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Dock-able linear and homodetic di, tri, tetra and pentapeptide library from canonical amino acids: SARS-CoV-2 Mpro as a case study

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第5期13卷 523-534页

作者： Sarfraz Ahmad Muhammad Usman Mirza john f.Trant Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of WindsorWindsor N9B 3P4OntarioCanada Binary Star Research Services LaSalle N9J 3X8OntarioCanada

Peptide-based therapeutics are increasingly pushing to the forefront of biomedicine with their promise of high specificity and low *** noncanonical residues can always be used,employing only the natural 20 residues restricts the chemical space to a finite dimension allowing for comprehensive in silico *** this goal,the dataset comprising all possible di-,tri-,and tetra-peptide combinations of the canonical residues has been previously ***,with increasing computational power,the comprehensive set of pentapeptides is now also feasible for screening as the comprehensive set of cyclic peptides comprising four or five ***,we provide both the complete and prefiltered libraries of all di-,tri-,tetra-,and penta-peptide sequences from 20 canonical amino acids and their homodetic(N-to-C-terminal)cyclic *** fASTA,simplified molecular-input line-entry system(SMILES),and structure-data file(SDf)-three dimension(3D)libraries can be readily used for screening against protein *** also provide a simple method and tool for conducting identity-based *** to this dataset will accelerate small peptide screening workflows and encourage their use in drug discovery *** a case study,the developed library was screened against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)main protease to identify potential small peptide inhibitors.

关键词： Dipeptides Tripeptides Tetrapeptides Pentapeptides N-to-C-terminal cyclic peptides Peptide library

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Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of MAfLD

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第5期10卷 939-946页

作者： Kathleen Clare john f.Dillon Paul N.Brennan Royal Alexandra Hospital PaisleyNHS Greater Glasgow and ClydePA29PNUK University of Dundee Ninewells Hospital and Medical SchoolDundeeDD19SYUK University of Edinburgh Edinburgh BioQuarter5 Little France DriveEH164UUUK

The pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAfLD)is complex and thought to be dependent on multiple parallel hits on a background of genetic *** evidence suggests that MAfLD progression is a dynamic two-way process relating to repetitive bouts of metabolic stress and inflammation interspersed with endogenous anti-inflammatory reparative *** MAfLD,excessive hepatic lipid accumulation causes the production of lipotoxins that induce mitochondrial dysfunction,endoplasmic reticular stress,and over production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Models of MAfLD show marked disruption of mitochondrial function and reduced oxidative capacitance with impact on cellular processes including mitophagy,oxidative phosphorylation,and mitochondrial *** excess,ROS modify insulin and innate immune signaling and alter the expression and activity of essential enzymes involved in lipid *** can also cause direct damage to intracellular structures causing hepatocyte injury and *** select cases,the use of anti-oxidants and ROS scavengers have been shown to diminish the proapoptopic effects of fatty *** this link,endogenous anti-oxidant pathways have been a target of interest,with Nrf2 activation showing a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation in models of *** hormone receptorβ(THRβ)agonists and nuclear peroxisome proliferationactivated receptor(PPAR)family have also gained interest in reducing hepatic lipotoxicity and restoring hepatic function in models of ***,the true interplay between the clinical and molecular components of MAfLD progression remain only partly *** recently,multiomics-based strategies are being adopted for hypothesis-free analysis of the molecular changes in *** profiling maps the unique genotype-phenotype associations in MAfLD and with various single-cell tran scriptome-based projects underway,there is hope of novel physiological insigh

关键词： fatty liver disease Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Reactive oxidation species Oxidative stress

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Pain management for the Nuss procedure: comparison between erector spinae plane block, thoracic epidural, and control

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2022年第4期5卷 223-228页

作者： Lisgelia Santana john Driggers Norman f Carvalho Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management Nemours Children's HospitalOrlandoFloridaUSA Anesthesiology University of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA

Objective Pectus excavatum is a congenital deformity characterized by a caved-in chest *** requires *** less invasive Nuss procedure is very successful,but postoperative pain management is challenging and *** pain management techniques to reduce opioid reliance include the erector spinae plane(ESP)*** retrospectively examined opioid consumption after Nuss procedure comparing three pain management techniques:ESP block,thoracic epidural(TE),and patient-controlled analgesia(PCA).Methods This retrospective cohort study compared pain management outcomes of three patient ***-eight subjects aged 10–18 years underwent Nuss procedure at our institution between January 2014 and January *** primary outcome measure was opioid consumption measured in morphine milligram *** measures included pain ratings and length of stay(LOS).Pain was quantified using the Numeric Pain Rating *** of variance was performed on all outcome *** Average cumulative opioid use was significantly lower in the ESP block(67 mg)than the TE(117 mg)(p=0.0002)or the PCA group(172 mg)(p=0.0002).The ESP block and PCA groups both had a significantly shorter average LOS(3.3 and 3.7 days,respectively)than the TE group(4.7 days).ESP block performed best for reducing opioid consumption and *** opioid consumption is key for limiting side *** study supports use of ESP block as a superior choice when choosing among the three postoperative pain management options that were *** ESP resulted in reduced opioid consumption postoperatively and shorter LOS than TE or PCA for patients undergoing the Nuss procedure for surgical repair of pectus excavatum.

关键词： shorter ESP comparison

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feasibility of the 2-point method to determine the load-velocity relationship variables during the countermovement jump exercise

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第4期12卷 544-552,F0003页

作者： Alejandro Pérez-Castilla Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo john f.T.fernandes Amador García-Ramos Department of Physical Education and Sport Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranada 18011Spain Human Performance Laboratory Department of Physical Activity SciencesUniversidad de Los LagosSantiago 5170000Chile Centro de Investigacion en fisiologıa del Ejercicio Facultad de CienciasUniversidad MayorSantiago 8580745Chile Higher Education Sport Hartpury UniversityHartpury GL193BEUK Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning Faculty of EducationUniversidad Catolica de la Santısima ConcepcionConcepcion 4090541Chile

Purpose:This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of load-velocity(L-V)relationship variables obtained through the 2-point method using different load combinations and velocity ***:Twenty men performed 2 identical sessions consisting of 2 countermovement jumps against 4 external loads(20 kg,40 kg,60 kg,and80 kg)and a heavy squat against a load linked to a mean velocity(MV)of 0.55 m/s(load_(0.55)).The L-V relationship variables(load-axis intercept(L_(0)),velocity-axis intercept(v_(0)),and area under the L-V relationship line(A_(line)))were obtained using 3 velocity variables(MV,mean propulsive velocity(MPV),and peak velocity)by the multiple-point method including(20-40-60-80-load_(0.55))and excluding(20-40-60-80)the heavy squat,as well as from their respective 2-point methods(20-load_(0.55)and 20-80).Results:The L-V relationship variables were obtained with an acceptable reliability(coefncient of variation(CV)≤7.30%;intra-class correlation coefficient>0.63).The reliability of L_(0)and v_(0)was comparable for both methods(CV_(ratio)(calculated as higher value/lower value):1.11-1.12),but the multiple-point method provided Al_(ine)with a greater reliability(CV_(ratio)=1.26).The use of a heavy squat provided the L-V relationship variables with a comparable or higher reliability than the use of a heavy countermovement jump load(CV_(ratio):1.06-1.19).The peak velocity provided the load-velocity relationship variables with the greatest reliability(CV_(ratio):1.15-1.86)followed by the MV(CV_(ratio):1.07-1.18),and finally the *** 2-point methods only revealed an acceptable validity for the MV and MPV(effect size≤0.19;Pearson s product-moment correlation coefficient≥0.96;Lin's concordance correlation coefficient≥0.94).Conclusion:The 2-point method obtained from a heavy squat load and MV or MPV is a quick,safe,and reliable procedure to evaluate the lower-body maximal neuromuscular capacities through the L-V relationship.

关键词： force-velocity relationship Mean velocity Multiple-point method Peak velocity Velocity-based training

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Hospitalizations for alcoholic liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic increased more for women,especially young women,compared to men

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第2期15卷 282-288页

作者： john Patterson Campbell Vinay Jahagirdar Adel Muhanna Kevin f Kennedy john H Helzberg Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologySaint Luke’s Health System of Kansas City and the University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States Department of Internal Medicine Saint Luke’s Health System of Kansas City and the University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States Division of Cardiology Saint Luke’s Health System of Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyLiver Disease Management UnitSaint Luke’s Health System of Kansas City and the University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States

BACKGROUND Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)remains one of the major indications for liver transplantation in the United States and continues to place a burden on the national healthcare *** is evidence of increased alcohol consumption during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and the effect of this on the already burdened health systems remains *** To assess the trends for ALD admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic,and compare it to a similar pre-pandemic *** This retrospective study analyzed all admissions at a tertiary health care system,which includes four regional *** admissions were identified by querying a multi-hospital health system’s electronic database using ICD-10 *** admissions were compared for two one-year periods;pre-COVID-19 from April 2019 to March 2020,and during-COVID-19 from April 2020 to March *** were analyzed using a Poisson regression model and admission rates were compared using the annual quarterly average for the two time periods,with stratification by age and *** increase or decrease in admissions from the Poisson regression model were reported as incident rate *** One thousand three hundred and seventy-eight admissions for ALD were included.80.7%were Caucasian,and 34.3%were *** increase in the number of admissions for ALD during the COVID-19 pandemic was *** women,a sharp rise(33%)was noted in those below the age of 50 years,and an increase of 22%in those above 50 *** men,an increase of 24%was seen for those below 50 years,and a 24%decrease in those above 50 *** The COVID-19 pandemic has had widespread implications,and an increase in ALD admissions is just one of ***,given that women are often prone to rapid progression of ALD,this finding has important preventive health implications.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease COVID-19 Alcoholic hepatitis Alcoholic liver cirrhosis Alcoholism Pandemic Young women Alcohol-related disorders

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Polychlorinated biphenyls and omega-3 fatty acid exposure from fish consumption,and thyroid cancer among New York anglers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第3期28卷 270-277页

作者： Alyson Haslam Sara Wagner robb Matthew R.Bonner William Lindblad Joey Allegra Ye Shen john E.Vena Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public HealthUniversity of Georgia Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity of Buffalo Department of Public Health Sciences School of MedicineMedical University of South Carolina

fish from the Great Lakes contain polychlorinated biphenyls（PCBs）which have been shown to disrupt endocrine function and mimic thyroid hormones,but they also contain beneficial omega-3 fatty acids that may offer protection against endocrine *** purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Lake Ontario fish consumption and the estimated consumption of PCBs and omega-3 fatty acids on the risk of thyroid cancer in a group of sport *** from the New York State Angler Cohort Study were followed for cancer incidence from 1991–***-seven cases of incident thyroid cancer and 108 controls were included in the *** estimated fish consumption,estimated omega-3 fatty acid consumption,and estimated PCB consumption from Lake Ontario fish were examined for an association with the incidence of thyroid cancer,while matching on sex,and controlling for age and smoking *** from logistic regression indicate no significant associations between fish consumption,short-term estimated omega-3 fatty acids,or estimated PCB consumption from Great Lakes fish and the development of thyroid cancer,but it was suggested that long-term omega-3 fatty acid from Great Lakes fish may be protective of the development of thyroid *** conclusion,fish consumption,with the possible concomitant PCBs,from the Great Lakes does not appear to increase the risk of thyroid cancer in New York *** research is needed in order to separate the individual health effects of PCBs from omega-3 fatty acids contained within the fish.

关键词： Polychlorinated biphenyls Omega-3 fatty acids Thyroid cancer Lake Ontario fish consumption

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“Digging in the Dirt”faecal microRNAs as dietary biomarkers of host-microbe interactions

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第2期11卷 292-294页

作者： Gerard M.Moloney john f.Cryan Gerard Clarke Department of Anatomy&Neuroscience University College CorkCorkIreland APC Microbiome Ireland University College CorkCorkIreland Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science University College CorkCorkIreland

The role of diet and nutrition in maintaining a healthy lifestyle has become a central part of chronic disease prevention(1).Chronic conditions such as cancer,Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and obesity are more prevalent in people with poor diets(2).food consumption is controlled by physiological systems such as the gut-microbiome and distinct neuroendocrine pathways that overlap to promote host nutritional gain resulting in people living longer healthier lives(3).A recent analysis of the global burden of disease by the World Health Organization(WHO),noted that factors associated with poor diet,including obesity and malnutrition,critically undermine health and *** note that undernutrition,deficiencies in key nutrients and obesity have high social and economic *** disease,cancer,diabetes,and respiratory diseases account for 77%of all diseases and are responsible for 86%of all premature deaths(4).There is an appreciation that diets that reduce or eliminate red meats and animal fats results in the reduction of many of the indicators of poor diet,such as body mass index(BMI)and levels of cholesterol in the blood.

关键词： prevention eliminate overlap

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GDNf to the rescue:GDNf delivery effects on motor neurons and nerves,and muscle re-innervation after peripheral nerve injuries

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 748-753页

作者： Alberto f.Cintrón-Colón Gabriel Almeida-Alves Juliana M.VanGyseghem john M.Spitsbergen Biological Sciences Department Western Michigan UniversityKalamazooMIUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries commonly occur due to trauma,like a traffic *** nerves get severed,causing motor neuron death and potential muscle *** current golden standard to treat peripheral nerve lesions,especially lesions with large(≥3 cm)nerve gaps,is the use of a nerve autograft or reimplantation in cases where nerve root avulsions *** not tended early,degeneration of motor neurons and loss of axon regeneration can occur,leading to loss of *** surgical procedures exist,patients often do not fully recover,and quality of life *** nerves have limited regeneration,and it is usually mediated by Schwann cells and neurotrophic factors,like glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,as seen in Wallerian *** cell line-derived neurotrophic factor is a neurotrophic factor known to promote motor neuron survival and neurite *** cell line-derived neurotrophic factor is upregulated in different forms of nerve injuries like axotomy,sciatic nerve crush,and compression,thus creating great interest to explore this protein as a potential treatment for peripheral nerve *** glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor has shown positive effects in regeneration and functional recovery when applied in experimental models of peripheral nerve *** this review,we discuss the mechanism of repair provided by Schwann cells and upregulation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,the latest findings on the effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in different types of peripheral nerve injuries,delivery systems,and complementary treatments(electrical muscle stimulation and exercise).Understanding and overcoming the challenges of proper timing and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor delivery is paramount to creating novel treatments to tend to peripheral nerve injuries to improve patients'quality of life.

关键词： electrical muscle stimulation exercise glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor delivery motor neuron nerve gap neurotrophic factor peripheral nerve injury Schwann cells skeletal muscle atrophy

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