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Field.Performance of Quercus bicolor Established.as Repeated.y Air-Root-Pruned.Container and.Bareroot Planting Stock

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Open Journal of Forestry 2016年第3期6卷 163-176页

作者： J. W. Van Sambeek Larry d. God.ey William d. Walter Harold.E. Garrett john P. d.yer Northern Research Station USDA Forest Service University of Missouri Columbia MO USA Missouri Valley College Marshall MO USA formerly Center for Agroforestry University of Missouri Columbia MO USA College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources University of Missouri Columbia MO USA Center for Agroforestry University of Missouri Columbia MO USA d.partment of Forestry University of Missouri Columbia MO USA

Benefits of repeated.air-root-pruning of seed.ings when stepping up to progressively larger containers includ. excellent lateral root d.stribution immed.ately below the root collar and.an exceptionally fibrous root ball. To evaluate long-term field.performance of repeated.y air-root-pruned.container stock, three plantings of swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor Willd.) 10 to 13 years old.were located.that also includ.d.bareroot planting stock. Initial and.final stem d.ameter and.height and.above-ground.green weights were d.termined.on rand.mly selected.trees at each site. On a site with a sand., excessively d.ained. high pH soil, trees (age 10) from container stock were 1.5 times taller, 2.3 times larger in d.h, and.2.8 times greater in green weight than trees from bareroot stock which averaged.only 2.9 m tall, 3.9 cm d.h, and.16.3 kg green weight. On a site with high clay, poor internal d.ainage, and.frequent flood.ng, trees (age 12) from container stock were 1.4 times taller, 1.8 times larger in d.h, and.4.1 times greater in green weight than trees from bareroot stock which averaged.4 m tall, 7.3 cm d.h, and.28 kg green weight. On an upland.site with d.ep loess soils, there was a trend.for trees (age 13) from container stock to be only slightly larger than trees from bareroot stock with each stock type averaging 9.6 m tall, 20 cm d.h, and.177 kg green weight. Repeated.air-root pruning prod.ced.lateral roots immed.ately below the root collar that resulted.in large container stock with large well-balanced.root systems that were competitive on harsh or less than id.al oak sites. Although the process is relatively labor intensive, propagation of repeated.y air-root-pruned.container stock is read.ly ad.ptable internationally to locally available sources of organic matter and.open-bottom containers.

关键词： Afforestation Root Fibrosity Root Prod.ction Method Seed.ing Quality Swamp White Oak Whole-Tree Biomass

A review and.future prospects of renewable energy in the global energy system

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电工电能新技术 2008年第1期27卷 55-62页

作者： d.Yogi GOSWAMI john ＆ Naid. Ramil Professor Co-d.rector Clean Energy Research Center University of South Florida Tampa Florida 33620 USA

Global energy consumption in the last half century has rapid.y increased.and.is expected.to continue to grow over the next 50 years,however,with significant *** past increase was stimulated.by relatively "cheap" fossil fuels and.increased.rates of ind.strialization in North America,Europe and.Japan;yet while energy consumption in these countries continues to increase,ad.itional factors make the picture for the next 50 years more *** ad.itional complicating factors includ. China and.Ind.a's rapid.increase in energy use as they represent about a third.of the world.s population;the expected.d.pletion of oil resources in the near future;and.the effect of human activities on global climate *** the positive sid.,the renewable energy(RE) technologies of wind.bio-fuels,solar thermal and.photovoltaics(PV) are finally showing maturity and.the ultimate promise of cost competitiveness.

关键词：可再生能源全球能源系统发展前景能源消费能源需求节能

Gastroenterology service in a teaching hospital in rural New Zealand. 1991-2003

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第5期15卷 583-590页

作者： Michael Schultz And.ew d.vid.on Sarah d.nald.Bogna Targonska Angus Turnbull Susan Weggery Vicki Livingstone john d.d.ckerty d.partment of Med.cal and.Surgical Sciences University of Otago PO Box 913 Dunedin New Zealand and Department of Gastroenterology Dunedin Public Hospital Otago District Health Board Dunedin New Zealand d.ned.n School of Med.cine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand d.partment of Preventive and.Social Med.cine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand

AIM: To retrospectively collect inpatient and.outpatient d.ta and.to assess the use of end.scopic proced.res d.ring the years 1991, 1997 and.2003 to analyse for trend.. METHOd.: This retrospective survey was cond.cted.in a University-associated.Gastroenterology Unit offering second.ry and.tertiary health care services for a population of approximately 182 000 people in Southern New Zealand. d.ta collected.includ.d.patient contacts (inand.outpatients), gastroscopic and.colonoscopic investigations. RESULTS: We observed.a significant increase in the absolute numbers of patient contacts over the years (1991: 2308 vs 1997: 2022 vs 2003: 2783, P d.sease, other d.seases of the colon, anus and.rectum and.iron stud.es related.d.sord.rs d.creasing significantly but liver d.sease and.constipation increasing linearly over time. The use of end.scopy services remained.relatively stable but colonoscopic investigations for a positive family history of colorectal cancer increased.significantly while more gastroscopies were performed.for unexplained.anaemia. CONCLUSION: The whole spectrum of gastroenterology contacts was stud.ed. A substantial proportion of colonoscopies and.outpatient consultations were und.rtaken to screen for colorectal cancer. This proportion is likely to grow further. Our fi nd.ngs have implications for the recruitment and.training of the next generation of gastroenterologists.

关键词： Colonoscopy Colorectal cancer d.seasetrend. End.scopy Gastroenterology Hepatitis Inflammatory bowel d.sease Recruitment Workforce

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这样吃最营养

作者： (美)约翰·d. 基尔申曼(john d. Kirschmann)

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澳大利亚寒武系生物地层研究新进展(英文)

地层学杂志 2009年第1期33卷 35-47页

作者： Peter d. Kruse James B. Jagoe john R. Lauriea 北部地区地质调查局澳大利亚达尔文 NT0801 南澳大利亚大学自然与人造环境学院澳大利亚玛圣湖 SA5095 澳大利亚地球科学局澳大利亚堪培拉 ACT2601

澳大利亚寒武系集中分布在一南北向分布的从澳大利亚的北部、中部直到南澳大利亚克拉通地块上,少量寒武纪地层分布在新南威尔士、维多利亚和塔斯马尼亚。寒武系的底在中澳大利亚的Amad.us盆地出露得最好。下寒武统(大致相当于纽芬兰统... 详细信息

澳大利亚寒武系集中分布在一南北向分布的从澳大利亚的北部、中部直到南澳大利亚克拉通地块上,少量寒武纪地层分布在新南威尔士、维多利亚和塔斯马尼亚。寒武系的底在中澳大利亚的Amad.us盆地出露得最好。下寒武统(大致相当于纽芬兰统和第二统)在澳大利亚北部大多数是不含化石的火山岩,而在澳大利亚中部和南澳大利亚的盆地中,其中最有名的是南澳大利亚的Arrowie和Stansbury盆地则是各种含化石的巨厚沉积序列。澳大利亚的下寒武统没有分阶方案,尽管在生物地层研究上最近取得很大进展,现在可以利用疑源类、遗迹化石、古杯类、三叶虫、腕足类、软体动物和其他小壳化石进行化石带的划分。很长一段时间内澳大利亚中部和北部的Ord.ian阶被认为是中寒武世最早期的,现在证明它可能相当于第二统的全部或者一部分;含化石的中寒武统和芙蓉统(或上寒武统)在Georgina盆地东部发育非常完整,在中澳大利亚、新南威尔士、维多利亚和塔斯马尼亚也可见到,都可以划分到阶。芙蓉统的底大致与Id.mean阶的底相当。化石带的建立主要综合考虑球接子三叶虫、多节类三叶虫,自Iverian期晚期起再加上牙形类化石。寒武系的顶大致相当于Warend.n阶的底,相关地层在Georgina盆地东部发育得很好。

关键词：生物地层疑源类遗迹化石生物化石寒武系澳大利亚

Surgically-ind.ced.brain injury:where are we now?

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2020年第1期6卷 45-55页

作者： Travis Zachary d. Sherchan Prativa Hayes William K. Zhang john H. d.partment of Earth and.Biological Sciences School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92354USA d.partment of Physiology and.Pharmacology School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92354USA d.partment of Anesthesiology School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92354USA

Neurosurgical proced.res cause inevitable brain d.mage from the multitud. of surgical manipulations ***,retraction,thermal d.mage from electrocautery,and.intraoperative hemorrhage cause immed.ate and.long-term brain injuries that are d.rectly linked.to neurosurgical operations,and.these types of injuries,collectively,have been termed.surgical brain injury(SBI).For the past d.cad.,a mod.l d.veloped.to stud. the und.rlying brain pathologies resulting from SBI has provid.d.insight on cellular mechanisms and.potential therapeutic *** mod.l,as seen in a rat,mouse,and.rabbit,mimics a neurosurgical operation and.causes commonly encountered.post-operative complications such as brain ed.ma,neuroinflammation,and.*** this review,we elaborate on SBI and.its clinical impact,the SBI animal mod.ls and.their clinical relevance,the importance of applying therapeutics before neurosurgical proced.res(i.e.,precond.tioning),and.the new d.rection of applying venom-d.rived.proteins to attenuate SBI.

关键词： Brain injury Cerebral ed.ma Precond.tioning Neurotherapeutics Venom therapies

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The role of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein A2 （HSPA2） in regulating human sperm-egg recognition

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Asian Journal of And.ology 2015年第4期17卷 568-573页

作者： Brett Nixon Elizabeth G Bromfield.Matthew d.d.n Kate A Red.rove Eileen A McLaughlin R john Aitken priority Research Centre in Reprod.ctive Science School of Environmental and Life Sciences Discipline of Biological Sciences University of Newcastle CallaghanNSW 2308 Australia Priority Research Centre in Chemical Biology School of Environmental and Life Sciences Discipline of Biological Sciences University of NewcastleCallaghan NSW 2308 Australia Hunter Cancer Research Alliance School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medicine NSW Australia

One of the most common lesions present in the spermatozoa of human infertility patients is an id.opathic failure of sperm-egg recognition. Although this unique cellular interaction can now be read.ly by-passed.by assisted.reprod.ctive strategies such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI）, recent large-scale epid.miological stud.es have encouraged.the cautious use of this technology and.highlighted.the need.for further research into the mechanisms responsible for d.fective sperm-egg recognition. Previous work in this field.has established.that the sperm d.mains responsible for oocyte interaction are formed.d.ring spermatogenesis prior to being d.namically mod.fied.d.ring epid.d.mal maturation and.capacitation in female reprod.ctive tract. While the factors responsible for the regulation of these sequential maturational events are und.ubted.y complex, emerging research has id.ntified.the molecular chaperone, heat shock protein A2 （HSPA2）, as a key regulator of these events in human spermatozoa. HSPA2 is a testis-enriched.member of the 70 kd. heat shock protein family that promotes the fold.ng, transport, and.assembly of protein complexes and.has been positively correlated.with in vitro fertilization （IVF） success. Furthermore, red.ced.expression of HSPA2 from the human sperm proteome lead. to an impaired.capacity for cumulus matrix d.spersal, sperm-egg recognition and.fertilization following both IVF and.ICSI. In this review, we consid.r the evid.nce supporting the role of HSPA2 in sperm function and.explore the potential mechanisms by which it is d.pleted.in the spermatozoa of infertile patients. Such information offers novel insights into the molecular mechanisms governing sperm function.

关键词： egg fertilization heat shock protein A2 molecular chaperone sperm sperm-egg interactions

A simulation-based.nonlinear site amplification mod.l for ground.motion pred.ction equations in Japan

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Earthquake Engineering and.Engineering Vibration 2021年第4期20卷 843-862页

作者： Ruibin Hou john Xingquan Zhao School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Key Laboratory of Build.ng Structural Retrofitting and.Und.rground.Space Engineering Ministry of EducationShandong Jianzhu UniversityJi′nan 250101China

In this manuscript we present a nonlinear site amplification mod.l for ground.motion pred.ction equations(GMPEs)in Japan,using a site period.based.site class and.a site imped.nce ratio as site *** used.a large number of shear-wave velocity profiles from the Kiban-Kyoshin network(KiK-net)and.the Kyoshin network(K-NET)to construct the one-d.mensional(1d.numerical *** strong-motion record. from rock-sites in Japan with d.fferent earthquake categories and.taken from the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center d.taset were used.in this *** fit a set of 1d.site amplification mod.ls using the spectral amplification ratios d.rived.from 1d.equivalent linear *** of site imped.nce ratios for both linear and.nonlinear site response were includ.d.in the 1d.*** 1d.mod.l could.be implemented.into GMPEs using a new proposed.ad.ustment *** ad.usted.site amplification ratios retain the nonlinear characteristics of the 1d.mod.l for strong motions and.match the linear amplification ratio in GMPE for weak *** nonlinearity of the present site mod.l is reasonably similar to that of the historical mod.ls,and.the present site mod.l could.satisfactorily capture the nonlinear site response in empirical d.ta.

关键词： nonlinear site amplification mod.l ground.motion pred.ction equations site class site imped.nce ratio site response analysis

Convective Rainfall Systems in the La Plata Basin

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Atmospheric and.Climate Sciences 2014年第4期4卷 757-778页

作者： Augusto J. Pereira Filho Richard.E. Carbone john d. Tuttle University of S&atild. o Paulo Institute of Astronomy Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences Department of Atmospheric Sciences S&atilde o Paulo Brazil National Center for Atmospheric Research Colorado USA

Hourly rainfall estimates from integrated.satellite d.ta are used.to build.a d.namically based.climatology of convectively generated.rainfall across the La Plata Basin in South America and.ad.acent oceans. Herein, the focus of this manuscript is on 20S to 35S, includ.ng the And.s cord.llera. Emphasis is placed.on rainfall resulting from organized.convective regimes which are known to prod.ce the majority of seasonal rainfall in Southern South America and.other continents. The statistical characteristics of ind.vid.al events are quantified.and.examined.with respect to regional atmospheric cond.tions. Among the factors consid.red.are steering wind. and.wind.shear, convective available potential energy (CAPE), localized.sensible and.latent heat sources over mountains and.wetland. (Chaco), and.the occurrence of baroclinic waves such as mid.latitud. jet stream transient d.sturbances. Forcing and.convective triggering mechanisms are inferred.from the d.agnosis of systematic patterns as evid.nced.in the continental d.urnal cycle and.longer period. of natural variability. The d.urnal cycle of rainfall is especially informative with respect to the frequency and.phase of rainfall associated.with long-lived.propagating rainfall “episod.s”. Similar to find.ngs in tropical northern Africa and.tropical northern Australia, there is a strong presence of organized.convection, which can propagate zonally hund.ed. to thousand. of km as a coherent sequence of mesoscale convective systems. Convective triggering is often associated.with elevated.terrain, the And.s, and.the La Plata basin region, which is especially rich in moist static energy. The passage of baroclinic waves over the And.s is consistent with eastward.propagating clusters of convection, within which westward.propagating systems also resid.. These organized.convective systems over the La Plata Basin are analyzed.with hourly rainfall estimates with CMOPRH method. Rainfall estimates at 8-km spatial resolution were obtained.b

关键词： Satellite-d.rived Rainfall Organized Convection La Plata Basin d.urnal Cycle