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Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion w.th consideration of potential moderating variables:A systematic review.w.th meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 186-194页

作者： Andreas Konrad Shahab Alizadeh Abdolhamid Daneshjoo Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar Andrew.Graham Ali Zahiri Reza Goudini Chris edwards Carina Scharf David George Behm Institute of Human Movement Science Sport and HealthGraz UniversityGraz A-8010Austria School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Faculty of Sport SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman 76169-13439Iran

Background:It is w.ll know. that stretch training can induce prolonged increases in joint range of motion(ROM).How.ver,to date more information is needed regarding w.ich training variables might have greater influence on improvements in ***,the purpose of this metaanalysis w.s to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy participants by considering potential moderating variables,such as stretching technique,intensity,duration,frequency,and muscles stretched,as w.ll as sex-specific,age-specific,and/or trained state-specific adaptations to stretch ***:w. searched through PubMed,Scopus,w.b of Science,and SportDiscus to find eligible studies and,finally,assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by applying a random-effect ***,by applying a mixed-effect model,w. performed the respective subgroup *** find potential relationships betw.en stretch duration or age and effect sizes,w. performed a ***:w. found a significant overall effect,indicating that stretch training can increase ROM w.th a moderate effect compared to the controls(effect size=-1.002;Z=-12.074;95%confidence interval:-1.165 to-0.840;pw.d a significant difference betw.en the stretching techniques(p=0.01)indicating that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and static stretching produced greater ROM than did ballistic/dynamic ***,there w.s a significant effect betw.en the sexes(p=0.04),indicating that females show.d higher gains in ROM compared to ***,further moderating analysis show.d no significant relation or ***:w.en the goal is to maximize ROM in the long term,proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation or static stretching,rather than ballistic/dynamic stretching,should be *** to consider in future research as w.ll as sports practice is that neither volume,intensity,nor frequency of stretching w.re

关键词： Flexibility Long-term stretching Stretch training

Polymorphisms in salivary-gland transcripts of Russian w.eat aphid biotypes 1 and 2

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Insect Science 2012年第4期19卷 429-440页

作者： Feng Cui Michael Smith john Reese Ow.in edwards Gerald Reeck Department of Biochemistry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA State Key Laboratory of Integrated Managementof Pest Insects&Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Entomology Kansas StateUniversityManhattanKansasUSA CSIRO Entomology Canberra CooperaEve Research Centre for Plant Biosecufity CanberraAustralia

The Russian w.eat aphid （Rw.）, Diuraphis noxia （Mordvilko）（Homoptera： Aphididae）, is a major pest of small grains. As w.th plant-feeding aphids in general, the interaction betw.en Rw. and host plants is governed, on the insect side, by proteins and enzymes in saliva. In this w.rk, w. examined sequence variations in transcripts encoding proteins and enzymes of Rw. salivary glands. w. conducted reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction in Rw. biotypes 1 and 2 using primers derived from pea aphid orthologs, and cloned regions of 17 putative salivary gland transcripts. For four of the transcripts, w. observed no difference in sequences betw.en the tw. biotypes. For the other 13 transcripts, for example, the transcripts encoding sucrase, trehalase and protein C002, large amount of variations, both w.thin each biotype and betw.en the tw. biotypes, w.re observed. Usually the tw. biotypes shared only one variant, w.ich w.s typically the most common variant in both biotypes. Most of the transcripts had more non-synonymous than synonymous codon changes among their variants. Our results offer possible molecular markers for distinguishing the tw. biotypes and insights into their evolution.

关键词： biotype molecular marker polymorphism Russian w.eat aphid salivarygland transcript

Decarbonising energy: The developing international activity in hydrogen technologies and fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第12期29卷 405-415页

作者： john Meurig Thomas Peter P.edwards Peter J.Dobson Gari P.Ow.nd Department of Materials Science&Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology(KACST)-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals and Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordOxford OX13QRUK The Queen’s College University of OxfordOxford OX14AWUK Annw.yn Solutions(Independent Consultant) BromleyKent BR13DWUK

Hydrogen technologies and fuel cells offer an alternative and improved solution for a decarbonised energy *** cells are electrochemical converters;transforming hydrogen (or energy sources containing hydrogen) and oxygen directly into *** hydrogen fuel cell,invented in 1839,permits the generation of electrical energy w.th high efficiency through a non-combustion,electrochemical process and,importantly,w.thout the emission ofits point of ***,despite numerous efforts to exploit the obvious attractions of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells,various challenges have been encountered,some of w.ich are review.d ***,how.ver,given the exigent need to urgently seek low.carbon paths for humankind’s energy future,numerous countries are advancing the deployment of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells not only for transport,but also as a means of the storage of excess renew.ble energy from,for example,w.nd and solar ***,hydrogen is also being blended into the natural gas supplies used in domestic heating and targeted in the decarbonisation of critical,large-scale industrial processes such as steel *** briefly review.specific examples in countries such as Japan,South Korea and the People’s Republic of China,as w.ll as selected examples from Europe and North America in the utilization of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells.

关键词： Decarbonisation Hydrogen Energy Hydrogen Economy Fuel cells Environment Sustainability

A bibliometric review.on the implications of renew.ble offshore marine energy development on marine species

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第2期7卷 211-222页

作者： Siddharth Suhas Kulkarni David john edwards School of Mechanical Aerospace and Automotive EngineeringCoventry UniversityGulson RoadCoventryCV12JHUK Department of Built Environment Birmingham City UniversityUK Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment University of JohannesburgSouth Africa

The grow.ng global demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly energy has stimulated the rapid adoption of renew.ble offshore ***,infrastructure needed for green energy production ironically impacts upon marine species and ***,this positional review.paper seeks to comprehensively synthesise the prevailing body of know.edge on the impact of offshore energy development on a broad range of marine *** interpretivist philosophical stance and inductive reasoning w.s adopted using scientometric analysis to conduct a rich synthesis of extant *** an operational perspective,the Scopus database w.s utilised to search for key terms on the phenomena under investigation and using the VoS View.r softw.re for the identification of trends using scientometric *** analysis reveals that research in this area of science has increased significantly over the last decade but private sector involvement is conspicuous by its *** concerns among the research community include the impact of energy development on the abundance of species,pollution and biodiversity behaviour and *** present,researchers have extensively focused on the impact of offshore w.nd farms on fish and marine ***,the literature reveals no significant long-term impact upon energy development on most marine species albeit,short-term interference has raised concerns(from sound,disruption of navigation and foraging patterns,and damage of habitat).To minimise short term disruption,researchers have recommended the use of acoustic deterrence during construction,enforcement of protected areas and continued research.

关键词： Offshore energy development w.nd farms Marine energy Marine species Animals Noise Infrastructure

Portal vein ligation accelerates tumor grow.h in ligated,but not contralateral lobes

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第30期16卷 3816-3826页

作者： Nozomu Sakai Callisia N Clarke Rebecca Schuster john Blanchard Amit D Tevar Michael J edwards Alex B Lentsch Department of Surgery University of Cincinnati231 Albert Sabin WayCincinnatiOH 45267-0558United States

AIM: To investigate the mechanisms of liver grow.h and atrophy after portal vein ligation (PVL) and its effects on tumor grow.h. METHODS: Mice w.re subjected to PVL, partial hepatectomy, or sham surgery. The morphological alterations, activation of transcription factors, and expression of cytokines and grow.h factors involved in liver regeneration w.re evaluated. In a separate set of experiments, murine colorectal carcinoma cells w.re injected via the portal vein and the effect of each operation on liver tumor grow.h w.s studied. RESULTS: Liver regeneration after PVL and partial hepatectomy w.re very similar. In ligated lobes, various cytokines, transcription factors and regulatory factors w.re signifi cantly upregulated compared to nonligated lobes after PVL. Atrophy in ligated lobes w.s a result of early necrosis follow.d by later apoptosis. Tumor grow.h w.s signifi cantly accelerated in ligated compared to non-ligated ***: Tumor grow.h w.s accelerated in ligated liver lobes and appeared to be a result of increased grow.h factor expression.

关键词： Portal vein ligation Tumor grow.h Grow.h factor Atrophy Apoptosis

Challenges and needs for China to eliminate rabies

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2013年第1期2卷 178-187页

作者： w.nw. Yin Jie Dong Changchun Tu john edwards Fusheng Guo Hang Zhou Hongjie Yu Sirenda Vong Division of Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-w.rning on Infectious Disease Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina w.rld Health Organization Country OfficeBeijingChina OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies Institute of Military VeterinaryAcademy of Military Medical SciencesChangchunChina Food and Agriculture Organization BeijingChina National Institute for viral disease control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

In China,rabies is a significant public health concern w.ere dogs remain the main reservoir of disease transmission to humans;rabies-related mortality ranks second in the *** compiled all published articles and official documents on rabies in China's Mainland to examine challenges and needs to eliminate rabies in the *** Chinese authorities have identified rabies as a priority,recognized rabies control in dogs as key to control rabies in humans and required intersectoral *** have been made to respond effectively to the latest re-emergence of rabies,w.ich peaked in 2007 w.th>3,300 *** these outcomes and the increasing volume of publications and regulations in the recent years,our review.points to some major information gaps to improve rabies control activities and envisage elimination *** emphasis on laboratory or pathogen-associated and basic epidemiology research in the literature has contrasted w.th the absence of information to monitor various systems in humans and animals(*** of surveillance,response and post-exposure prophylaxis).Information is also lacking to appropriately inform policymakers(*** disease burden,impact of policies)and assist program managers(*** and strategic guidance for cost-effective prevention and control activities,public education and dog population management).In conclusion,strategic planning is needed to provide a sense of direction,demonstrate feasibility of elimination in China,and develop a research agenda,addressing country’s operational needs and *** planning should be a multisectoral effort.

关键词： Rabies Elimination China Needs Challenges Review

Tracking domestic ducks:A novel approach for documenting poultry market chains in the context of avian influenza transmission

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第7期15卷 1584-1594页

作者： Chang-Yong Choi john Y Takekaw. XIONG Yue LIU Ying Martin w.kelski George Heine Diann J Prosser Scott H New.an john edwards Fusheng Guo Xiangming Xiao Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology Center for Spatial AnalysisUniversity of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA w.stern Ecological Research Center U.S.Geological SurveyVallejoCA 94592USA National Audubon Society San FranciscoCA 94104USA Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake w.tland and w.tershed Research Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022P.R.China Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology Max Planck Institute for OrnithologyRadolfzell D-78315Germany Department of Biology University of KonstanzKonstanz D-78457Germany Patuxent w.ldlife Research Center U.S.Geological SurveyBeltsvilleMD 20705USA Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases(ECTAD)Vietnam Office Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsHanoi 10000Vietnam Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases(ECTAD)China Office Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsBeijing 100600P.R.China Murdoch University MurdochWA 6150Australia Institute of Biodiversity Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433P.R.China

Agro-ecological conditions associated w.th the spread and persistence of highly pathogenic avian inlfuenza （HPAI） are not w.ll understood, but the trade of live poultry is suspected to be a major pathw.y. Although market chains of live bird trade have been studied through indirect means including interview. and questionnaires, direct methods have not been used to identify movements of individual poultry. To bridge the know.edge gap on quantitative movement and transportation of poultry, w. introduced a novel approach for applying telemetry to document domestic duck movements from source farms at Poyang Lake, China. w. deployed recently developed transmitters that record Global Positioning System （GPS） locations and send them through the Groupe Spécial Mobile （GSM） cellular telephone system. For the ifrst time, w. w.re able to track individually marked ducks from 3 to 396 km from their origin to other farms, distribution facilities, or live bird markets. Our proof of concept test show.d that the use of GPS-GSM transmitters may provide di-rect, quantitative information to document the movement of poultry and reveal their market chains. Our ifndings provide an initial indication of the complexity of source-market netw.rk connectivity and highlight the great potential for future telemetry studies in poultry netw.rk analyses.

关键词： avian inlfuenza domestic duck market chain netw.rk poultry telemetry

CONSERVATION-A BROAD CONCEPT!

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CONSERVATION-A BROAD CONCEPT!

Older adults w.th acute severe ulcerative colitis have similar steroid non-response and colectomy rates as younger adults

亚洲民族建筑保护与发展学术研讨会

作者： john edwards Cardiff Castle Surveyor to the Fabric

This paper w.ll examine w.y conservation needs to be a broad concept if it is to be sustainable, and uses Cardiff Castle as a case study to illustrate the points to be made. Cardiff Castle is a 2,000 year old site situated in Cardiff, the capital city of w.les, part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain. Here, many diverse conservation challenges are being met, w.th due consideration of all issues. These range from physical conservation w.rk to the building fabric and decoration, to issues concerning visitor access, education, interpretation, tourism and those concerning economic sustainability. The paper w.ll also examine the necessity to put in place processes that w.ll ensure that all issues are properly and consistently dealt w.th, based upon the utmost understanding of the issues and the site. The need to start w.th the analysis of cultural significance w.ll be raised, and a methodology that starts w.th the understanding of legal protection and subsequently, the production of a conservation plan, management plan, a research and analysis programme, to the specification of detailed requirements.

关键词： ancient building Cardiff Castle cultural meaning

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第16期29卷 2469-2478页

作者： Deloshaan Subhaharan Pradeep Kakkadasam Ramasw.my Laura w.llmann Hadi Moattar Maneesha Bhullar Naveed Ishaq Alexander Dorrington Dheeraj Shukla Carolyn McIvor john edwards w.led Mohsen Department of Digestive Diseases Gold Coast University HospitalGold Coast 4215QueenslandAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Logan HospitalLogan 4131QueenslandAustralia

BACKGROUND There is paucity of data on outcomes of acute severe ulcerative colitis(ASUC)in older adults(≥60 years of age).AIM To assess steroid non-response rates during the index admission for ASUC in older *** outcomes w.re response to medical rescue therapy and colectomy rates;at index admission,3 and 12 *** This retrospective multicentre cohort study included ASUC admissions w.o received intravenous steroids betw.en January 2013 and July 2020 at tw. tertiary *** medical records w.re review.d to collect clinical,biochemical,and endoscopic data.A modified Poisson regression model w.s used for *** Of 226 ASUC episodes,45(19.9%)occurred in patients≥60 years of *** non-response rates w.re comparable in older adults and patientsw.s comparable to the younger cohort[76.5%vs 85.7%,P=0.46,crude RR=0.89(0.67-1.17)].Index admission colectomy[13.3%vs 10.5%,P=0.598,crude RR=1.27(0.53-2.99),adjusted RR=1.43(0.34-6.06)],colectomy at 3 mo[20%vs 16.6%,P=0.66,crude RR=1.18(0.61-2.3),adjusted RR=1.31(0.32-0.53)]and colectomy at 12 mo[20%vs 23.2%,P=0.682,crude RR=0.85(0.45-1.57),adjusted RR=1.21(0.29-4.97)],w.re similar betw.en the tw. *** In older adults w.th ASUC,the steroid non-response rate,response to medical rescue therapy,and colectomy rate at index admission,3 and 12 mo is similar to patients less than 60 years of age.

关键词： Elderly Ulcerative colitis Acute severe ulcerative colitis Colectomy Rescue therapy Infliximab