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模拟开关电路构成DC/DC变换器

电子设计技术 2000年第7期 68-68页

作者： john P Skurla Advanced Linear Devices Inc Sunnyvale CA

很多需要65v电源的小电流装置,如果能使用一台合适的本机专用的DC/DC变换器来产生-5v的偏压,便能可靠地工作在一个单独的5v电源环境之下。通常,这些5v的IC器件的功能和优势将远远胜过因增加一个-5v的变换功能所带来的稍许不方便和成本... 详细信息

很多需要65v电源的小电流装置,如果能使用一台合适的本机专用的DC/DC变换器来产生-5v的偏压,便能可靠地工作在一个单独的5v电源环境之下。通常,这些5v的IC器件的功能和优势将远远胜过因增加一个-5v的变换功能所带来的稍许不方便和成本的增加。许多公司都生产有各种额定功率和安装面积的DC/DC变换器IC芯片。但是,这些典型的DC/DC变换器芯片,对于仅需具有很小工作电流的负偏压的那些简单的单芯

关键词：变换器常规芯片模拟开关转换器 DC/DC 开关电路逻辑电路

versatile tape-drive target for high-repetition-rate laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第4期11卷 59-69页

作者： N.Xu M.J.v.Streeter O.C.Ettlinger H.Ahmed S.Astbury M.Borghesi N.Bourgeois C.B.Curry S.J.D.Dann N.P.Dover T.Dzelzainis v.Istokskaia M.Gauthier L.Giuffrida G.D.Glenn S.H.Glenzer R.J.Gray J.S.Green G.S.Hicks C.Hyland M.King B.Loughran D.Margarone O.McCusker P.McKenna C.Parisuaña P.Parsons C.Spindloe D.R.Symes F.Treffert C.A.J.Palmer Z.Najmudin john Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK School of Maths and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkUSA ELI Beamlines Centre Institute of PhysicsCASDolni BrezanyCzech Republic Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Physics SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordUSA Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonCanada Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

We present the development and characterization of a high-stability,multi-material,multi-thickness tape-drive target for laser-driven acceleration at repetition rates of up to 100 *** tape surface position was measured to be stable on the sub-micrometre scale,compatible with the high-numerical aperture focusing geometries required to achieve relativistic intensity interactions with the pulse energy available in current multi-Hz and near-future higher repetition-rate lasers(>kHz).Long-term drift was characterized at 100 Hz demonstrating suitability for operation over extended *** target was continuously operated at up to 5 Hz in a recent experiment for 70,000 shots without intervention by the experimental team,with the exception of tape replacement,producing the largest data-set of relativistically intense laser–solid foil measurements to *** tape drive provides robust targetry for the generation and study of high-repetitionrate ion beams using next-generation high-power laser systems,also enabling wider applications of laser-driven proton sources.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser target laser-plasma acceleration proton generation tape-drive target

A Comprehensive Transcriptome Assembly of Pigeonpea （Cajanus cajan L.） using Sanger and Second-Generation Sequencing Platforms

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 1020-1028页

作者： Himabindu Kudapa Arvind K. Bharti Steven B. Cannon Andrew D. Farmer Benjamin Mulaosmanovi Robin Kramer Abhishek Bohra Nathan T. Weeks john A. Crow Reetu Tuteja Trushar Shah Sutapa Dutta Deepak K. Gupta Archana Singh Kishor Gaikwad Tilak R. Sharma Gregory D. May Nagendra K. Singh Rajeev K. varshney International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru 502324 india National Center for Genome Resources (NCGR) Santa Fe NM 87505 USA United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit Ames IA USA National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology (NRCPB) Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi 110 012 India Department of Agronomy Iowa State University Amens IA USA CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme (GCP) c/o ClMMYT 06600 Mexico DF Mexico

A comprehensive transcriptome assembly for pigeonpea has been developed by analyzing 128.9 million short Illumina GA IIx single end reads, 2.19 million single end FLX/454 reads, and 18 353 Sanger expressed sequenced tags from more than 16 genotypes. The resultant transcriptome assembly, referred to as CcTA v2, comprised 21 434 transcript as- sembly contigs （TACs） with an N50 of 1510 bp, the largest one being -8 kb. Of the 21 434 TACs, 16 622 （77.5%） could be mapped on to the soybean genome build 1.0.9 under fairly stringent alignment parameters. Based on knowledge of intron junctions, 10 009 primer pairs were designed from 5033 TACs for amplifying intron spanning regions （ISRs）. By using in silico mapping of BAC-end-derived SSR loci of pigeonpea on the soybean genome as a reference, putative mapping posi- tions at the chromosome level were predicted for 6284 ISR markers, covering all 11 pigeonpea chromosomes. A subset of 128 ISR markers were analyzed on a set of eight genotypes. While 116 markers were validated, 70 markers showed one to three alleles, with an average of 0.16 polymorphism information content （PIC） value. In summary, the CcTA v2 transcript assembly and ISR markers will serve as a useful resource to accelerate genetic research and breeding applications in pigeonpea.

关键词： Cajanus cajan (L.) second-generation sequencing transcriptome assembly intron spanning region (ISR)markers.

Comprehensive functional annotation of susceptibility variants identifies genetic heterogeneity between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

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Frontiers of Medicine 2021年第2期15卷 275-291页

作者： Na Qin Yuancheng Li Cheng Wang Meng Zhu Juncheng Dai Tongtong Hong Demetrius Albanes Stephen Lam Adonina Tardon Chu Chen Gary Goodman Stig EBojesen Maria Teresa Landi Mattias Johansson Angela Risch H-Erich Wichmann Heike Bickeboller Gadi Rennert Susanne Arnold Paul Brennan john KField Sanjay Shete Loic Le Marchand Olle Melander Hans Brunnstrom Geoffrey Liu Rayjean JHung Angeline Andrew Lambertus AKiemeney Shan Zienolddiny Kjell Grankvist Mikael Johansson Neil Caporaso Penella Woll Philip Lazarus Matthew BSchabath Melinda CAldrich victoria LStevens Guangfu Jin David CChristiani Zhibin Hu Christopher IAmos Hongxia Ma Hongbing Shen Department of Epidemiology Center for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Center for Global HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Department of Bioinformatics School of Biomedical Engineering and InformaticsNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD 20892-9304USA Department of Integrative Oncology British Columbia Cancer AgencyVancouverBC V5Z 1L3Canada Faculty of Medicine University of Oviedo and CIBERESPOviedo 33006Spain Program in Epidemiology Public Health Sciences DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWA 98109-1024USA Public Health Sciences Division Swedish Cancer InstituteSeattleWA 98026USA Department of Clinical Biochemistry Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagen DK-1017Denmark National Cancer Institute BethesdaMD 20892-9304USA Genetic Epidemiology Group International Agency for Research on CancerLyon 69372France Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS Department of Molecular BiologyUniversity of SalzburgHeidelberg 5020Austria Institute of Medical Informatics Biometry and EpidemiologyChair of EpidemiologyLudwig Maximilians UniversityMunichBavaria 80539Germany Department of Genetic Epidemiology University Medical Center GoettingenGoettingen 37075Germany Technion Faculty of Medicine Carmel Medical CenterHaifa 3448516Israel Markey Cancer Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506-0054USA Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research ProgrammeThe University of Liverpool Institute of Translational MedicineLiverpool L697Z

Although genome-wide association studies have identified more than eighty genetic variants associated with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)risk,biological mechanisms of these variants remain largely *** integrating a large-scale genotype data of 15581 lung adenocarcinoma(AD)cases,8350 squamous cell carcinoma(SqCC)cases,and 27355 controls,as well as multiple transcriptome and epigenomic databases,we conducted histology-specific meta-analyses and functional annotations of both reported and novel susceptibility *** identified 3064 credible risk variants for NSCLC,which were overrepresented in enhancer-like and promoter-like histone modification peaks as well as DNase I hypersensitive *** factor enrichment analysis revealed that USF1 was AD-specific while CREB1 was *** annotation and genebased analysis implicated 894 target genes,including 274 specifics for AD and 123 for SqCC,which were overrepresented in somatic driver genes(ER=1.95,P=0.005).Pathway enrichment analysis and Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that AD genes were primarily involved in immune-related pathways,while SqCC genes were homologous recombination deficiency *** results illustrate the molecular basis of both wellstudied and new susceptibility loci of NSCLC,providing not only novel insights into the genetic heterogeneity between AD and SqCC but also a set of plausible gene targets for post-GWAS functional experiments.

关键词： lung cancer genome-wide association study function annotation immune homologous recombination repair deficiency genetic heterogeneity

缺血性卒中的一级预防美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会卒中委员会指南

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中华脑血管病论坛 2006年第1期4卷 67-107页

作者： Larry B. Goldstein Robert Adams Mark J. Alberts Lawrence J. Appel Lawrence M. Brass Cheryl D. Bushnell Antonio Culebras Thomas J. DeGraba Philip B. Gorelick john R. Guyton Robert G. Hart George Howard Margaret Kelly-Hayes J.v. （Ian） Nixon Ralph L. Sacco 苏克江（译）高宗恩（译）

背景和目的：本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述，并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法：写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名，并经美国心脏协会（AHA）卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会... 详细信息

背景和目的：本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述，并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法：写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名，并经美国心脏协会（AHA）卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾（涵盖时间段为2001年最后一次回顾发表到2005年1月），参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来概括现有的证据，指明现有知识的差距，如果合适，则根据标准的AHA标准做出简明的推荐。写作组全体成员在撰写过程中均有很多机会对推荐进行评论并认可这份声明的最终版本。在AHA科学咨询与协调委员会批准之前，本指南已进行过广泛的同行评议。结果：对评价个体首次卒中风险的流程图进行评价。根据进行干预的可能性（不可干预、可干预或潜在可干预）和证据的强度（证据充分或证据不太充分）。对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预危险因素包括年龄、性别，出生体重低、人种／种族和遗传因素。证据充分的可干预危险因素包括高血压、主动或被动吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病，绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、缺乏体力活动、肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白（a）升高、脂蛋白相关的磷脂酶升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对应用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行回顾。结论：有大量证据确定增加首次卒中风险的各种特殊因素和提供降低这种风险的策略。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明卒中危险因素一级预防

Colorectal cancer lymph node dissection and disease survival

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第12期16卷 3890-3894页

作者： Francisco J Morera-Ocon Clara Navarro-Campoy john Deiver Cardona-Henao Francisco Landete-Molina Department of General Surgery Hospital General de RequenaRequena 46340Spain Department of Gynecology Hospital Vithas 9 OctubreValencia 46015Spain Department of Pathology Hospital General de RequenaRequena 46340Spain

The debate regarding the two possible roles of lymphadenectomy in surgical oncology,prognostic or therapeutic,is still ***,the use of lymphadenectomy as a proxy for the quality of the surgical procedure is another feature of ***,this reckoning depends on patient conditions,aggressiveness of the tumor,the surgeon,and the pathologist,and then it is not an absolute surrogate for the surgical *** international guidelines recom-mend a minimum of 12 lymph nodes harvested for pathological examination in colorectal cancer(CRC)*** is a growing literature on reporting better survival when the lymph node yield is high,even when these nodes are negative for *** the other hand,there are studies reporting no survival benefit with high lymph node yield in stage I-II of *** we review the roles of the lymphadenectomy in CRC,and discuss the results of studies on lymph node harvesting.

关键词： Lymph node yield Colorectal cancer Overall survival Prognosis Tumor node metastasis staging

春天计划——美国预报员和科研人员之间合作互动的范例

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干旱气象 2005年第3期23卷 89-94页

作者： john S.Kain Paul R.Janish Steven J.Weiss Michael E.Baldwin Russell S.Schneider Harold E.Brooks 李霞任宜勇不详中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所乌鲁木齐830002 新疆气象局乌鲁木齐830002

引言在适当的氛围下,预报员和研究人员之间就共同的兴趣志向可以形成富有成效的合作.

关键词：预报员科研人员合作范例美国春天研究人员

Automated control and optimization of laser-driven ion acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第3期11卷 32-40页

作者： B.Loughran M.J.v.Streeter H.Ahmed S.Astbury M.Balcazar M.Borghesi N.Bourgeois C.B.Curry S.J.D.Dann S.DiIorio N.P.Dover T.Dzelzainis O.C.Ettlinger M.Gauthier L.Giuffrida G.D.Glenn S.H.Glenzer J.S.Green R.J.Gray G.S.Hicks C.Hyland v.Istokskaia M.King D.Margarone O.McCusker P.McKenna Z.Najmudin C.Parisuaña P.Parsons C.Spindloe D.R.Symes A.G.R.Thomas F.Treffert N.Xu C.A.J.Palmer School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada The john Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Imperial College LondonLondonUK ELI Beamlines Centre Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesDolníBˇrežanyCzech Republic Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Physics SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

The interaction of relativistically intense lasers with opaque targets represents a highly non-linear,multi-dimensional parameter *** limits the utility of sequential 1D scanning of experimental parameters for the optimization of secondary radiation,although to-date this has been the accepted methodology due to low data acquisition *** repetition-rate(HRR)lasers augmented by machine learning present a valuable opportunity for efficient source ***,an automated,HRR-compatible system produced high-fidelity parameter scans,revealing the influence of laser intensity on target pre-heating and proton generation.A closed-loop Bayesian optimization of maximum proton energy,through control of the laser wavefront and target position,produced proton beams with equivalent maximum energy to manually optimized laser pulses but using only 60%of the laser *** demonstration of automated optimization of laser-driven proton beams is a crucial step towards deeper physical insight and the construction of future radiation sources.

关键词： Bayesian optimization high repetition-rate laser-target interaction laser-driven particle acceleration proton generation

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无电感器的锂电池升压电路

电子设计技术 1998年第4期 47-47页

作者： john Parry Bill Mclntype National Semiconductor Grass valley CA National Semiconductor Grass valley CA

在便携式设备中,为使调节电源保持在3.3v,多数锂离子电池需要配置一个低压降(LDO)调节器和一个dc/dc升压电路,这是因为锂离子电池通常的电压范围是4.2v(充电后)到2.5v(再充电前)。当电池的电压范围在4.2v到3.5v之间时,调节器完全能够独... 详细信息

在便携式设备中,为使调节电源保持在3.3v,多数锂离子电池需要配置一个低压降(LDO)调节器和一个dc/dc升压电路,这是因为锂离子电池通常的电压范围是4.2v(充电后)到2.5v(再充电前)。当电池的电压范围在4.2v到3.5v之间时,调节器完全能够独自满足要求。但是,如果

关键词：升压电路电池 LDO 电压范围调节器控制器