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Combining GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLt-2 inhibitors for cardiovascular disease prevention in type 2 diabetes:A systematic review with multiple network meta-regressions

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第10期15卷 2135-2146页

作者： Jing-Jing Zhu john P H Wilding Xiao-Song Gu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine University of LiverpoolLiverpool L697ZXUnited Kingdom Clinical Sciences Centre Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLiverpool L97ALUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215004Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RA)and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors(SGLt-2I)are associated with significant cardiovascular benefit in type 2 diabetes(t2D).However,GLP-1RA or SGLt-2I alone may not improve some cardiovascular outcomes in patients with prior cardiovascular *** to explore whether combining GLP-1RA and SGLt-2I can achieve additional benefit in preventing cardiovascular diseases in *** the systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA *** protocol was registered on PROSPERO(ID:42022385007).A total of 107049 participants from eligible cardiovascular outcomes trials of GLP-1RA and SGLt-2I were included in network meta-regressions to estimate cardiovascular benefit of the combination *** modification of prior myocardial infarction(MI)and heart failure(HF)was also explored to provide clinical insight as to when the INtRODUCtION the macro-and micro-vascular benefits of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RA)and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors(SGLt-2I)are independent of their glucose-lowering effects[1].In patients with type 2 diabetes(t2D),the major cardiovascular outcome trials(CVOt)showed that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors(DPP-4I)did not improve cardiovascular outcomes[2],whereas cardiovascular benefit of GLP-1RA or SGLt-2I was significant[3,4].Further subgroup analyses indicated that the background cardiovascular risk should be considered when examining the cardiovascular outcomes of these newer glucose-lowering *** instance,prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)was only seen in those patients with baseline atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease[3,4].Moreover,a series of CVOt conducted in patients with heart failure(HF)have demonstrated that(compared with placebo)SGLt-2I significantly reduced risk of hospitalization for HF or cardiovascular death,irrespective of their history of t2D[5-8].However,similar car

关键词： type 2 diabetes Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor Combination treatment Cardiovascular outcome Systematic review Network meta-regression

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the risk of prostate cancer on incidental finding of an avid prostate uptake on 2-deoxy-2-[^(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for non-prostate cancer-related pathology:A single centre retrospective study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 33-41页

作者： Anthony Franklin troy Gianduzzo Boon Kua David Wong Louise McEwan James Walters Rachel Esler Matthew J.Roberts Geoff Coughlina john W.Yaxley Department of Urology The Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia Wesley Medical Research BrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Radiology Wesley Medical ImagingBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Objective:to review the risk of prostate cancer(PCa)in men with incidentally reported increased intraprostatic uptake at 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PEt/Ct)ordered at Department of Urology,the Wesley Hospital,Brisbane,QLD,Australia for non-PCa related ***:Retrospective analysis of consecutive men between August 2014 and August 2019 presenting to a single institution for 18F-FDG PEt/Ct for non-prostate related conditions was *** were classified as benign,indeterminate,or malignant depending of the results of prostate-specific antigen(PSA),PSA velocity,biopsy histopathology,and three-tesla(3 t)multiparametric MRI(mpMRI)Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score,or gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen(68Ga-PSMA)PEt/Ct ***:three percent(273/9122)of men demonstrated 18F-FDG avidity within the ***-five percent(231/273)were further investigated,including with PSA tests(227/231,98.3%),3 t mpMRI(68/231,29.4%),68Ga-PSMA PEt/Ct(33/231,14.3%),and prostate biopsy(57/231,24.7%).Results were considered benign in 130/231(56.3%),indeterminate in 31/231(13.4%),and malignant in 70/231(30.3%).PCa was identified in 51/57(89.5%)of the men who proceeded to biopsy,including 26/27(96.3%)men with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 4-5 mpMRI and six men with a positive 68Ga-PSMA PEt/*** most common Gleason score on biopsy was greater than or equal to 4+5(14/51,27.5%).68Ga-PSMA PEt/Ct was concordant with the 18F-FDG findings in 26/33(78.8%).All 13 men with a positive concordant 18F-FDG,3 t mpMRI,and 68Ga-PSMA PEt/Ct had PCa on *** was no statistically significant difference in the 18F-FDG maximum standardized uptake value between the benign or malignant groups(5.7 vs.6.1;p=0.580).Conclusion:In this study,after an incidental finding of an avid intraprostatic lesion on 18F-FDG PEt/Ct,70 of the 231 cases(30.3%;0.8%of the entire cohort)had results c

关键词： Prostatecancer Positionemission tomography Multiparametric magneticresonance imaging Prostatebiopsy

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水上运动

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第8期 21-24,52,53,56页

作者： john telfer 不详

夏天是去海上玩的绝佳时机。有些人只喜欢在海浪当中玩耍或者游泳,有些人则喜欢冲浪。学习冲浪不难,但是需要练习。你只需要一块冲浪板、海浪和良好的平衡感就可以了。你必须学习站在冲浪板上不掉下来!学会这一点需要时间,所以不断尝试... 详细信息

夏天是去海上玩的绝佳时机。有些人只喜欢在海浪当中玩耍或者游泳,有些人则喜欢冲浪。学习冲浪不难,但是需要练习。你只需要一块冲浪板、海浪和良好的平衡感就可以了。你必须学习站在冲浪板上不掉下来!学会这一点需要时间,所以不断尝试就对了。你还可以学习冲浪技巧!有些人甚至能够腾空跃起,越过海浪。

关键词：水上运动平衡感冲浪腾空游泳绝佳时机海浪学习

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铁磁绝缘体中磁振子的非平衡稳态输运性质

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物理学报 2024年第14期73卷 214-221页

作者：杨栋超易立志丁林杰刘敏朱丽娅许云丽何雄沈顺清潘礼庆 john Q.Xiao 三峡大学理学院湖北省弱磁探测工程技术研究中心宜昌443002 三峡学院物理系重庆404100 香港大学物理系中国香港999077 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of DelawareNewark 19716USA

玻色子体系中的非平衡输运过程研究是极具挑战性的工作.磁振子是玻色子,具有与电子等费米子截然不同的自旋输运行为.本文以钇铁石榴石(YIG)铁磁绝缘体为研究对象,聚焦影响稳态下YIG中磁振子非平衡输运过程的关键因素.通过将具有非零化... 详细信息

玻色子体系中的非平衡输运过程研究是极具挑战性的工作.磁振子是玻色子,具有与电子等费米子截然不同的自旋输运行为.本文以钇铁石榴石(YIG)铁磁绝缘体为研究对象,聚焦影响稳态下YIG中磁振子非平衡输运过程的关键因素.通过将具有非零化学势μm的玻色-爱因斯坦统计函数引入到玻尔兹曼输运方程中,获得了以为幂次的输运方程严格解析表达式(当α(=-μm/(k_(B)t))t~1K/mm和10^(4)K/mm)下非平衡磁振子浓度δn_(m)和化学势μm的空间分布,它们分别对应于μm的值约为-0.1μeV和-6.2meV,均满足前提条件α<1.在远离平衡态的大温度梯度分布下,本文理论计算与实验结果吻合很好.这些理论研究结果将加深人们对铁磁绝缘体中磁振子非平衡输运行为的认识.

关键词：磁振子非平衡输运化学势磁振子扩散方程玻尔兹曼输运方程

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伊索寓言

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第4期 12-14,51页

作者： john telfer 不详

一头老狮子住在一个洞穴里。它的动作已经变得迟缓,所以很难抓到食物。“我该怎么办?”它心想,“我已经没办法又跑又跳了,再过不久一定会饿死。”它想了又想。“我知道了!可以让食物接近我啊。我会假装生病,这样其他动物就会来看我,然... 详细信息

一头老狮子住在一个洞穴里。它的动作已经变得迟缓,所以很难抓到食物。“我该怎么办?”它心想,“我已经没办法又跑又跳了,再过不久一定会饿死。”它想了又想。“我知道了!可以让食物接近我啊。我会假装生病,这样其他动物就会来看我,然后我再吃掉它们!”一开始,它的计划进行得很顺利,它躺在它的洞穴里哭泣。动物们听到它的声音,都感到很担心,就进去看它。狮子邀请它们进入洞穴之后,就会把它们吃了!有一天,一只狐狸从洞穴旁边经过。它听到一个声音,是老狮子在洞穴里哭。狐狸站在外面。“你还好吗?”它问狮子。

关键词：伊索寓言洞穴狐狸狮子声音食物生病动物

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Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Growth Parameters and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Production in Minna, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第3期14卷 197-213页

作者： Ebierin Akpoebidimiyen Otuaro john Jiya Musa Mohammed Musa Isah Abayomi Ibrahim Kuti Muhammad Yusuf Salihu Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Department of Agriculture and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria

During the 2022 growing season (August to November) at the Federal University of technology, Minna School farm, Niger State, an experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of mulching on Okras growth, yield, and moisture content was examined across four distinct growth stages (initial, development, mid, and late) and at varying soil depths (0 - 30 cm and 30 - 60 cm). the study employed a randomised complete block design with four replications, encompassing control (t0), groundnut shells mulch (t1), black polythene mulch (t2), and white polythene mulch (t3) as treatments. the highest average Okra fresh pod yield, amounting to 23.4 t/ha, was achieved by implementing white plastic mulch, contrasting with the control treatment, which yielded the lowest at 22 t/ha. Notably, the control plots exhibited yield reductions of up to 32% compared to the plots employing white plastic mulching. the utilisation of mulch had a notable impact on the overall crop yield, with the superior quality evident in the treatment employing white plastic mulch (26 t/ha). the control treatment exhibited the lowest quality at 24.3 t/ha. Groundnut shell mulch influenced moisture conservation, but no significant variance was observed compared to the control plots. therefore, the study suggests that polythene mulch may be the most suitable type to enhance the quality of okra production by conserving soil moisture. Among the biodegradable and non-biodegradable mulches used in this study, white polythene mulch was the most effective.

关键词： Crop Groundnut Shell Mulch Plastic Pod Soil

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Functional lumen imaging probe use in a high-volume practice:Practical and technical implications

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 396-405页

作者： Yan Jiang Raul Vazquez-Reyes Afrin Kamal thomas Zikos George triadafilopoulos john O Clarke Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineRedwoodCA 94063United States

BACKGROUND the functional lumen imaging probe(FLIP)is a Food and Drug Administration approved tool to aid the diagnosis and management of esophageal ***,widespread adoption of FLIP remains limited and its utility in highvolume practices remains *** to analyze large sample data on clinical use of FLIP and provide insight on several technical aspects when performing *** We conducted a retrospective comparative and descriptive analysis of FLIP procedures performed by a single provider at an academic medical *** was a total of 398 FLIP procedures *** medical records were reviewed and data regarding demographics and procedural details were *** tests,including chi-squared,t-test,and multivariable logistic and linear regression,were *** there was an increase in FLIP cases with each successive time period of 13 months(n=68,146,184,respectively)with notable rises specifically for indications of dysphagia and gastroesophageal reflux *** was a shift toward use of the longer FLIP balloon catheter for diagnostic purposes(overall 70.4%vs 29.6%,Ption with other diagnostics/interventions,such as dilation and wireless pH probe *** were nearly equally performed with anesthesia vs moderate sedation(51.4%anesthesia),with no major *** who had anesthesia were less likely to have recurrent antegrade contractions[odds ratio(OR)=0.4,95%CI:0.3-0.8]and were also more likely to have absent contractility(OR=2.4,95%CI:1.3-CONCLUSION FLIP cases have increased in our practice with expanding indications for its *** limited normative data,providers should be aware of several potential technical issues,including the possible impact of sedation choice when assessing esophageal motility patterns.

关键词： Gastroenterology Endoscopy Functional lumen imaging probe Esophagus Motility

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Extended pelvic side wall excision for locally advanced rectal cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第46期23卷 8261-8262页

作者： Irshad A Shaikh john t Jenkins Department of Surgery Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital St Mark’s Hospital

Extended pelvic side wall excision is a useful technique for treatment of recurrent or advanced rectal cancer involving sciatic notch and does not compromise the dissection of major pelvic vessels and vascular control.

关键词： Recurrent rectal cancers Extended pelvic side wall excision Pelvic side wall excision Advanced rectal cancers

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Patients’experiences with‘sludge’(administrative burden)in the cancer screening process and its relationship with screening completion,experience and health system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Michelle S Rockwell Brianna Chang Vivian Zagarese Jamie K turner Ally Southworth YingXing Wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey S Stein Sarah H Parker john W Epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Virginia tech Carilion School of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Health Systems and Implementation Science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA Health Analytics Research team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for Health Behaviors Research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘Sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions that preclude people from getting what they want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).this mixed methods study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in the colorectal cancer(CRC)screening process and some impacts of this *** We employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design that comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with *** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarching *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter Score)and health system distrust(Health System Distrust Scale).We usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate the association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and health system *** were integrated for *** Southeastern United *** Patients who were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CRC and had either completed or been referred for CRC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)within the previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed the study.38(15%)survey participants rated their screening experience as poor(Net Promoter Score=0–7 out of 10).the mean(SD)Health System Distrust Scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(higher score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in the CRC screening process varied,with long waiting times and burdensome communication being the most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).Sludge was positively associated with delayed or forgone screenings(OR=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,pth system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

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Identification of isopeptidase activity in the midgut of insects： Purification, properties and nutritional ecology of a Hofmannophila pseudospretella （Lepidoptera： Oecophoridae） larval enzyme

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 325-334页

作者： Robert M. Simpson john t. Christeller Plant and Food Research Institute Tennant Drive Palmerston North 4474 Private Bag 11 030 New Zealand

A γ-glutamyl transpeptidase （isopeptidase） has been purified 580-fold to homogeneity from the midgut of keratinophagous larvae of Hofmannophila pseudospretella. the enzyme is a single polypeptide of molecular mass 80 kDa. the enzyme was identified by its hydrolytic activity against the synthetic substrate, γ-glutamyl-AMC, its molecular mass and inhibition profile compared to other γ-glutamyl transpeptidases. the enzyme is low or absent from most other insect digestive systems apart from other keratinophagous lepidopteran larvae and predatory carabids. While isopepfide bonds are present in high levels of the proteins in the diet of keratinophages, their presence in the diet of predatory beetles has not been established.

关键词： γ-glutamyl transpeptidase Hofmannophila pseudospretella isopeptidase,keratinophagous nutritional ecology

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