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Questioning Ecosystem Assessment and Restoration Practices in a Major Urban Estuary： Perpetuating Myths of Degradation in spite of the Facts

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Journal of Environmental science and Engineering(B) 2016年第2期5卷 78-108页

作者： john T. Tanacredi Martin P. schreibman Kevin McDonnell Department of Biology Chemistry and Environmental Studies Molloy College Rockville Center N.Y. 11570 USA Center for Environmental Research Coastal Oceans Monitoring (CERCOM) Molloy College Rockville Center N. E 11570 USA Biology Department Brooklyn College CUNY Brooklyn N. E 11210 USA Department of Mathematics and Computer science Dowling College Oakdale N. Y. 11769 USA

The Jamaica Bay ecosystem is a dichotomy. It encompasses more than 12,000 acres of coastal estuarine marshes and an ecological diversity rivaling any coastal environment in the world. It is considerably altered, and is affected by a variety of ecological insults directly related to the fact that more than 14 million people live in its vicinity. Environmental protection institutions responded to the challenge of protecting the bay, surrounding wetlands and recreational benefits by addressing the increasing load of contaminants into the ecosystem. Billions of dollars have been spent during the past five decades on restoration attempts, including upgrading wastewater treatment plantsand the closure of three major sanitary landfills. Even with the curtailment of untreated wastewater release and ending periodic dredging and filling programs, all activities that are necessary processes in maintaining an urban harbor, the Jamaica Bay ecosystem has reached a point where many believe it to be unrecoverable, requiring massive infusions of restoration dollars. This categorization has been perpetuated based on questionable data （the ＂myths＂） that, when investigated in rigorous scientific detail, prove to be unsubstantiated. In this paper, the origin of these myths and the scientific investigation that dispel them are discussed.

关键词： Ecosystem based management eco-restoration urban ecology estuaries ecological health

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Privacy Preservation scheme for Multicast Communications in smart Buildings of the smart Grid

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smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2013年第4期4卷 313-324页

作者： Depeng Li Zeyar Aung srinivas sampalli john Williams Abel sanchez Computing and Information science Program Masdar Institute of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi UAE Faculty of Computer science Dalhousie University Halifax Canada Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge USA.

Privacy preservation is a crucial issue for smart buildings where all kinds of messages, e.g., power usage data, control commands, events, alarms, etc. are transmitted to accomplish the management of power. Without appropriate privacy protection schemes, electricity customers are faced with various privacy risks. Meanwhile, the natures of smart grids and smart buildings—such as having limited computation power of smart devices and constraints in communication network capabilities, while requiring being highly reliable—make privacy preservation a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a group key scheme to safeguard multicast privacy with the provisions of availability, fault-tolerance, and efficiency in the context of smart buildings as a part the smart grid. In particular, hybrid architecture accommodating both centralized and contributory modes is constructed in order to achieve both fault-tolerance and efficiency with only one set of group key installed. Key trees are sophisticatedly managed to reduce the number of exponentiation operations. In addition, an individual rekeying scheme is introduced for occasional joining and leaving of member smart meters. Experimental results, on a simulation platform, show that our scheme is able to provide significant performance gains over state-of-the-art methods while effectively preserving the participants’ privacy.

关键词： AMI Building Area Networks Group Key Multicasting Privacy smart Building smart Grid

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大数据时代首席数据官的角色与职责

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中国科技论坛 2019年第7期 157-164页

作者：聂钰肖忠东冯泰文 john R.Talburt 西安交通大学管理学院陕西西安710049 College of Engineering and Information Technology University of Arkansas at Little RockLittle RockAR 72204 U.S.A 哈尔滨工业大学(威海)经济管理学院山东威海264209

随着大数据时代的到来,首席数据官(CDO)承担起了管理各类数据的工作,但作为一个新兴的职位,CDO在组织中扮演的角色和承担的职责尚不完全清晰。本文运用两阶段调研法,以美国多家企业的CDO为主要调研对象,结合他们的实际工作,梳理CDO承担... 详细信息

随着大数据时代的到来,首席数据官(CDO)承担起了管理各类数据的工作,但作为一个新兴的职位,CDO在组织中扮演的角色和承担的职责尚不完全清晰。本文运用两阶段调研法,以美国多家企业的CDO为主要调研对象,结合他们的实际工作,梳理CDO承担的主要工作职责,归纳其在企业运行中扮演的角色,建立CDO角色和职责的层次结构。研究表明,CDO在企业中主要承担最大化商业价值、挖掘新的商业机会、数据质量管理等28项工作职责;主要扮演5种角色:数据管理者、商业价值挖掘者、决策制定者、协调者、数据概念及技能推广者。通过角色和职责权重分析得出,CDO最重要的角色是数据管理者和商业价值挖掘者,最重要的职责是最大化数据价值和挖掘新的商业机会。

关键词：大数据首席数据官角色职责商业价值

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书评:《中国航天技术发展史稿》

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自然科学史研究 2020年第S1期39卷 77-79页

作者： john W.Lewis 薛理泰李明洋(译) 斯坦福大学斯坦福大学国际安全与合作中心中国科学院自然科学史研究所

李成智编著:《中国航天技术发展史稿》,上、中、下册,济南:山东教育出版社,2006年,939页,定价106.00元,IsBN:7-5328-4984-8。该书共三卷,对中国在制导导弹、运载火箭、卫星、载人航天等方面的重大项目进行了非常有益的概述。它是《中国... 详细信息

李成智编著:《中国航天技术发展史稿》,上、中、下册,济南:山东教育出版社,2006年,939页,定价106.00元,IsBN:7-5328-4984-8。该书共三卷,对中国在制导导弹、运载火箭、卫星、载人航天等方面的重大项目进行了非常有益的概述。它是《中国近现代科学技术史研究丛书》的一部分。在成为学者之前,李成智曾参与中国人民解放军先进直升机的研制工作;之后,他又在南京航空航天大学专攻惯性导航,随后又在北京航空航天大学进行科技哲学的深造。凭借这种近乎独一无二的工程、科学和哲学背景,作者带我们深入了解中国的航天技术,其深度远远超过了迄今为止的任何其他研究。

关键词：航天技术载人航天惯性导航运载火箭哲学背景研究丛书直升机制导导弹

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LiDAR-Derived DEM and Raw Height Comparisons along Profile Corridor Gradients within a Forest

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Journal of Geographic Information system 2013年第2期5卷 109-116页

作者： Michael G. Wing Michael Craven john sessions Jeff Wimer Forest Engineering Resources and Management Department Oregon State University Corvallis USA

We compared field based and airborne LiDAR-derived profile corridor measurements across forest canopy types and terrain ranging from 37% to 49% slope. Both LiDAR-derived DEM and raw LiDAR point elevations were compared to field data. Primary objectives included examining whether canopy type or terrain slope influenced LiDAR-derived profile measurements. A secondary objective included comparing cable logging payloads based on field measured profile elevations to payloads based on LiDAR-derived elevations. Average RMsE elevation errors were slightly lower for profile point to LiDAR DEM values (0.43 m) than profile point to nearest LiDAR elevation point (0.49 m) with differences being larger when sites within forest clearings were removed from analysis. No statistically significant relationship existed between field measured ground slopes and associated profile point and LiDAR DEM elevation differences but a mild correlation existed when LiDAR raw point elevation differences were compared. Our payload analysis determined the limiting payload distance and had consistent results across study sites. The DEM-based profile outperformed the nearest point profile by 5% on average. Results suggest that forest analysts should consider using the nearest LiDAR DEM value rather than the nearest LiDAR point elevation for terrain heights at discrete locations, particularly when forest canopy occludes locations of interest.

关键词： LiDAR Elevation Profiles

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Therapeutic targets and delivery challenges for Alzheimer's disease

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World Journal of Pharmacology 2015年第3期4卷 236-264页

作者： Preshita Desai Harshad shete Rahul Adnaik john Disouza Vandana Patravale Department of Pharmaceutical sciences and Technology Institute of Chemical Technology Department of Pharmacology Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy

Dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, the 21^st Century epidemic, is one of the most signifcant social and health crises which has currently afficted nearly 44 million patients worldwide and about new 7.7 million cases are reported every year. This portrays the unmet need towards better understanding of Alzheimer’s disease pathomechanisms and related research towards more effective treatment strategies. The review thus comprehensively addresses Alzheimer’s disease pathophysiology with an insight of underlying multicascade pathway and elaborates possible therapeutic targets- particularly anti-amyloid approaches, anti-tau approaches, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, glutamatergic system modifiers, immunotherapy, anti-nflammatory targets, antioxidants, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors and insulin. In spite of extensive research leading to identification of newer targets and potent drugs, complete cure of Alzheimer’s disease appears to be an unreached holy grail. This can be attributed to their ineffective delivery across blood brain barrier and ultimately to the brain. With this understanding, researchers are now focusing on development of drug delivery systems to be delivered via suitable route that can circumvent blood brain barrier effectively with enhanced patient compliance. In this context, we have summarized current drug delivery strategies by oral, transdermal, intravenous, intranasal and other miscellaneous routes and have accentuated the future standpoint towards promising therapy ultimately eading to Alzheimer’s disease cure.

关键词： Neurofbrillary tangles Alzheimer's disease Dementia Amyloid β Tau Neurodegeneration Blood brain barrier Transdermal Nasal

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Outlier stands of Quaking Aspen in the Davis Mountains of West Texas: Clone or Clones?

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2014年第15期5卷 2298-2311页

作者： Jerritt Nunneley O. W. Van Auken john Karges Department of Biology University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio USA The Nature Conservancy San Antonio USA Virology and Immunology Texas Biomedical Research Institute San Antonio USA

Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) is found from the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean in the northern United states and Canada, and at higher elevations in the western United states and northern Mexico. While P. tremuloides can reproduce sexually or asexually, it is primarily a clonal species in the intermountain west, reproducing vegetatively via root sprouts, yielding genetically identical stems or ramets. In west Texas, isolated, outlier stands occur in the Guadalupe, Davis, and Chisos Mountains at an elevation of approximately 2300 m. This study utilized seven microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (ssRs) to examine leaf samples from 10 widely separated stems in 10 isolated P. tremuloides individual stands within the Davis Mountains to determine the level of clonal and genetic diversity. We then examined differentiation among stands. Each stem sampled within a stand was genetically identical to all stems examined in that stand or was part of a clone. There were eight genetically identical clones from these ten stands, with three stands being genetically identical or part of the same clone. Many of the genotypes shared several of the same alleles and the remaining alleles were only a few base pairs apart. some of these alleles have been previously identified in other western North American P. tremuloides stands. Microsatellites identified several triploid patterns consistent with possible aneuploidy, which is concurrent with previous studies.

关键词： Populus tremuloides Genetic Diversity PCR ssRs Conservation

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深入大型数据集

深入大型数据集

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作者： (美)john T. Wolohan

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Mental health in a Canadian Old Order Mennonite community

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Health 2013年第3期5卷 538-556页

作者： Kathryn Fisher K. Bruce Newbold john Eyles susan Elliott school of Geography and Earth sciences McMaster University Hamilton Canada school of Geography and Earth sciences McMaster University Hamilton Canada. school of Public Health and Health systems University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada

This paper presents the results of a 2010 survey exploring the determinants of rural mental health in two farming groups in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada: Old Order Mennonites (OOMs) and non-OOM farmers. Comparing these two groups reduces the likely impact of many contextual features impacting both groups, such as local economic conditions. We explore a comprehensive list of health determinants to assess their relative importance and thus enable policy action to focus on those having the greatest impact. The mental component summary (MCs) of the short- form health survey (sF-12) was used to measure mental health. We compare mental health in the two populations and use multiple regression to determine the relative importance of the determinants in explaining mental health. The results show that OOMs experience better mental health than non-OOMs, in part due to the strong mental health of OOM women. Coping, stress and social interaction shape mental health in both groups, reflecting the broader determinants literature and suggesting these are important across many populations with different life circumstances. Other determinants are important for one group but not the other, underscoring the diversity of rural populations. For example, different social capital measures shape mental health in the two groups, and sense-of-place is associated with mental health in only one group (OOMs). The results are discussed in terms of their implications for future health determinants research and policy action to address rural mental health.

关键词： social Determinants of Health Rural Mental Health short-Form Health survey (sF-12)

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Dendritic cells and the extracellular matrix:A challenge for maintaining tolerance/homeostasis

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World Journal of Immunology 2015年第3期5卷 113-130页

作者： sucharita P shankar May Griffith john V Forrester Lucia Kuffová section of Immunology Inflammation and InfectionDivision of Applied MedicineSchool of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AberdeenInstitute of Medical Sciences Integrative Regenerative Medicine Centre Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineCell Biology Bldg.Level 10Linkoping University Department of Ophthalmology Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital

The importance of the extracellular matrix （ECM） in contributing to structural, mechanical, functional and tissue-specific features in the body is well appreciated. While the ECM was previously considered to be a passive bystander, it is now evident that it plays active, dynamic and fexible roles in shaping cell survival, differentiation, migration and death to varying extents depending on the specific site in the body. Dendritic cells （DCs） are recognized as potent antigen presenting cells present in many tissues and in blood, continuously scrutinizing the microenvironment for antigens and mounting local and systemic host responses against harmful agents. DCs also play pivotal roles in maintaining homeostasis to harmless self-antigens, critical for preventing autoimmunity. What is less understood are the complex interactions between DCs and the ECM in maintaining this balance between steady-state tissue residence and DC activation during inflammation. DCs are finely tuned to inflammation-induced variations in fragment length, accessible epitopes and post-translational modifications of individual ECM components and correspondingly interpret these changes appropriately by adjusting their profiles of cognate binding receptors and downstream immune activation. The successful design and composition of novel ECM-based mimetics in regenerative medicine and other applications rely on our improved understanding of DC-ECM interplay in homeostasis and the challenges involved in maintaining it.

关键词： Dendritic cells Extracellular matrix Tolerance Biomaterials Homeostasis Regenerative medicine Biointeractive implants

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