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r.bust Machine Lear.ing Mapping of sEMG Signals to Futur. Actuator.Commands in Biomechatr.nic Devices

Jour.al of Bionic Engineer.ng 2024年第1期21卷 270-287页

作者： Ali Nasr.Sydney Bell r.chel L.Whittaker.clark r.Dicker.on john McPhee Systems Design Engineer.ng University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada Kinesiology and Health Sciences University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L3G3Canada

A machine lear.ing model for.r.gr.ssion of inter.upted Sur.ace Electr.myogr.phy(sEMG)signals to futur. contr.l-or.ented signals(e.g.,r.bot’s joint angle and assistive tor.ue)of an active biomechatr.nic device for.high-level myoelectr.c-based hier.r.hical contr.l is pr.posed.A r.cur.ent Neur.l Networ.(r.N)was tr.ined using output data,initially obtained fr.m offline optimization of the biomechatr.nic(human–r.bot)device and shifted by the pr.diction *** input of the r.N consisted of inter.upted sEMG signals(to mimic signal disconnections)and pr.vious kinematic signals of the assistive *** r.N with a 0.1-s pr.diction hor.zon could pr.dict the contr.l-or.ented joint angle and assistive tor.ue with 92%and 86.5%r.gr.ssion accur.cy,r.spectively,for.the test *** pr.posed appr.ach per.its a fast,pr.dictive,and dir.ct estimation of contr.l-or.ented signals instead of an iter.tive pr.cess that optimizes assistive tor.ue in the inver.e dynamic simulation of a multibody human–r.bot *** with these inter.upted input signals significantly impr.ves the r.gr.ssion accur.cy in the case of sEMG signal *** r.bust Pr.dictive Contr.l-or.ented Machine Lear.ing(r.bust-MuscleNET)model can suppor. volitional high-level myoelectr.c-based contr.l of biomechatr.nic devices,such as exoskeletons,pr.stheses,and assistive/r.sistive *** wor. should study the application to pr.sthesis contr.l as well as the r.peatability of the high-level contr.ller.with electr.de *** low-level hier.r.hical contr.ller.that manages the human–r.bot inter.ction,the assistance/r.sistance str.tegy,and the actuator.coor.ination should also be studied.

关键词： Myoelectr.c-based contr.l-Sur.ace electr.myogr.phy Machine lear.ing Multibody system dynamics Exoskeleton Bionic

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Potential Association between Soil and Leaf Chemical Pr.per.ies, and Soybean Seed Composition

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2014年第6期5卷 560-570页

作者： Luciano M. Jaur.guy Pengyin Chen Kr.stofor.Br.e Der.ick Ooster.uis Andy Maur.moustakos john r. clark Agr.cultur.l Statistics Labor.tor. University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA Depar.ment of Cr.p Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA

Maximizing the expr.ssion of seed quality tr.its by under.tanding how they ar. affected by envir.nmental var.ables may help develop high quality nutr.tious soybeans. Eight specialty soybean br.eding lines wer. gr.wn at two Ar.ansas locations differ.ng by soil textur., with thr.e r.plications in 2011. Befor. the r.pr.ductive per.od, soil and leaf samples wer. collected fr.m each plot. Soil samples wer. analyzed for.par.icle size distr.bution, electr.cal conductivity, pH, and a set of extr.ctable nutr.ents fr.m the top 12.5 cm, while leaf samples wer. analyzed for.the same set of nutr.ents as the soil samples. At matur.ty, seed samples wer. analyzed for.the same set of nutr.ents as wer. leaf and soil samples, plus pr.tein, oil, fatty acids, and sugar.. All leaf elements wer. within the adequate levels for.soybean pr.duction at both locations. Over.ll, seed composition of br.eding lines did not differ.among locations and no significant changes in br.eding line r.nking among locations wer. obser.ed. Attempting to modify seed composition by nutr.ent fer.ilization may not be pr.fitable, as no dir.ct r.lationships wer. obser.ed between leaf or.soil chemical pr.per.ies, and seed composition. These findings may pr.vide a star.ing point for.futur. studies on fer.ilization and management pr.ctices that impr.ve soybean seed quality.

关键词： Soybean Seed Composition Soil Pr.per.ies

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Car.on dioxide enr.chment affected flower.number. tr.nsiently and incr.ased successful post-pollination development stably but without alter.ng final acor. pr.duction in matur. pedunculate oak (Quer.us r.bur.L.)

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Jour.al of For.str. r.sear.h 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： r.an McClor. r.char. H.Ellis Mar.in Lukac Jo clark Car.lina Mayor.l Kr.s M.Har. Andr.w r.G.Plackett A.r.b MacKenzie School of Agr.cultur. Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of For.str. and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Futur. Tr.es Tr.st Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Bir.ingham Institute of For.st r.sear.h University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geogr.phy Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acor. pr.duction in oak(Quer.us spp.)shows consider.ble inter.annual var.ation,known as masting,which pr.vides a natur.l defence against seed pr.dator. but a highly-var.able supply of acor.s for.uses such as in commer.ial tr.e planting each *** emissions of gr.enhouse gases have been ver. widely r.por.ed to influence plant gr.wth and seed or.fr.it size and quantity via the‘fer.ilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acor. pr.duction in matur. woodland communities will be affected by fur.her.incr.ase in CO_(2),the contents of litter.tr.ps fr.m a Fr.e Air.Car.on Enr.chment(FACE)exper.ment in deciduous woodland in centr.l England wer. analysed for.number. of flower. and acor.s of pedunculate oak(Quer.us r.bur.L.)at differ.nt stages of development and their.pr.dation levels under.ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual var.ation in acor. number. was consider.ble and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the gr.atest number. of matur. acor.s in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** number. of flower.,enlar.ed cups,immatur. acor.s,empty acor. cups,and galls in the litter.tr.ps also var.ed amongst year.;compar.tively high number. of enlar.ed cups wer. r.cor.ed in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fr.it matur.tion masting species(i.e.,the extent of abor.ion of pollinated flower. dur.ng acor. development affects matur. acor. number. gr.atly).r.ising the atmospher.c CO_(2) concentr.tion by 150μL L^(−1),fr.m ear.y 2017,incr.ased the number. of immatur. acor.s,and all acor. evidence(empty cups+immatur. acor.s+matur. acor.s)detected in the litter.tr.ps compar.d to ambient contr.ls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the number. of flower.,enlar.ed cups,empty cups,or.matur. *** number.of flower. in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter.tr.ps was gr.ater.in 2018 than 2017,one year.after.CO_(2) enr.chment began,wher.as number. declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also incr.ased the number.o

关键词： Quer.us r.bur.L. Acor.s Masting Pedunculate oak Car.on dioxide

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Campaign-style U-Pb titanite petr.chr.nology:Along-str.ke var.ations in timing of metamor.hism in the Himalayan metamor.hic cor.

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Geoscience Fr.ntier. 2019年第3期10卷 827-847页

作者： Cather.ne M.Mottr.m john M.Cottle Andr.w r.C.Kylander.clark School of Ear.h and Envir.nmental Sciences University of Portsmouth Depar.ment of Ear.h Science University of CaliforniaSanta Barbara

Pr.sent-day along-str.ke heter.geneities within the Himalayan or.gen ar. seen at many scales, fr.m var.ations within the deep ar.hitectur. of the lithospher.c mantle, to differ.nces in geomor.hologic sur.ace pr.cesses. Her., we pr.sent an inter.ally consistent petr.chr.nologic dataset fr.m the Himalayan metamor.hic cor.(HMC), in or.er.to document and investigate the causes of along-str.ke var.ations in its Oligocene-Miocene tectonic histor.. Laser.ablation split-str.am analysis was used to date and char.cter.se the geochemistr. of titanite fr.m 47 calc-silicate r.cks acr.ss >2000 km along the *** combined U-Pb-r.E-Zr.single miner.l dataset cir.umvents uncer.ainties associated with inter.r.tations based on data compilations fr.m differ.nt studies, miner.l systems and labor.tor.es, and allows for.dir.ct along-str.ke compar.sons in the timing of metamor.hic pr.cesses. Titanite dates r.nge fr.m ～30 Ma to 12 Ma, r.cor.ing(r.-)cr.stallization between 625 ℃ and 815 ℃. Titanite T-t data over.ap with pr.viously published P-T-t paths fr.m inter.eaved peltic r.cks, demonstr.ting the usefulness of titanite petr.chr.nology for.r.cor.ing the metamor.hic histor. in lithologies not tr.ditionally used for.ther.obar.metr.. Over.ll, the data indicate a br.ad eastwar.-younging tr.nd along the *** in the dur.tion and timing of metamor.hism within the HMC ar. best explained by alongstr.ke var.ations in the position of r.mps on the basal detachment contr.lling a two-stage pr.cess of pr.fer.ntial ductile accr.tion at depth followed by the for.ation of later.upper.cr.st br.ttle *** pr.cesses, coupled with var.able er.sion, r.sulted in the asymmetr.c exhumation of a younger.thicker.cr.stalline cor. in the easter. Himalaya.

关键词： Himalaya Petr.chr.nology Titanite Metamor.hic petr.logy

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Mapping and Assessing Typhoon-induced For.st Distur.ance in Changbai Mountain National Natur. r.ser.e Using Time Ser.es Landsat Imager.

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Jour.al of Mountain Science 2015年第2期12卷 404-416页

作者： GUO Xiao-yi ZHANG Hong-yan WANG Ye-qiao john clark School of Geogr.phical Sciences Northeast Normal University Depar.ment of Natur.l r.sour.es Science University of Rhode Island

Monitor.ng for.st distur.ances is impor.ant for.under.tanding changes in ecosystems. The 1986 Typhoon Ver. was a ser.ous distur.ance that sever.ly impacted the for.st ecosystems of Changbai Mountain National Natur. r.ser.e. Although the typhoon distur.ance occur.ed mor. than two decades ago, the effects of the typhoon still r.main within the study ar.a. Few studies have focused on mapping and assessing distur.ances acr.ss br.ad spatial and tempor.l scales. For.this study, we fir.t gener.ted a map of for.st composition pr.or.to the typhoon distur.ance, which ser.ed as a baseline data for.the extr.ction of distur.ed ar.a. Then, the Distur.ance Index(DI) method was tested for.mapping the extent and magnitude of distur.ance in the study ar.a by applying a Tasseled Cap tr.nsfor.ation to the Landsat imager.. The Landsatbased DI method estimated that an ar.a of 13,764.78 ha of for.st was distur.ed by the typhoon. Based on visual assessments, these r.sults cor.espond closely with the r.fer.nce map der.ved fr.m gr.und sur.eys. These r.sults also r.vealed the influence of local topogr.phic featur.s on the distr.bution of windthr.w ar.as. Windthr.w ar.as wer. mor. pr.nounced inar.as with elevations r.nging fr.m 1,000 to 2,000 m, slopes of less than 10 degr.es, and southwester. to nor.hwester. aspects. In addition, the r.latively long(25 year.) post-typhoon r.cover. per.od assessed by this study pr.vided a mor. compr.hensive analysis of the dynamics of for.st r.cover. pr.cesses over.time. Windthr.w ar.as did not r.cover.immediately after.the typhoon, likely due to for.st management pr.ctices enacted at the time. So far. for.st r.cover. has pr.ceeded mor. r.pidly at elevations below 1,400 m, par.icular.y on wester. slopes within the study ar.a. Finally, a time ser.es of DI values within the study per.od suggests a secondar. distur.ance may have occur.ed between 2000 and 2001.

关键词： Typhoon Ver. Windthr.w ar.as Distur.ance Index(DI) Topogr.phic featur.s For.st r.cover. pr.cess

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Calculation and inter.r.tation of classical tur.ing sur.aces in solids

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npj Computational Mater.als 2021年第1期7卷 229-238页

作者： Aar.n D.Kaplan Stewar. J.clark Kier.n Bur.e john P.Per.ew Depar.ment of Physics Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA Centr. for.Mater.als Physics Durham UniversityDurham DH13LEUK Depar.ments of Chemistr. and Physics University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Depar.ments of Physics and Chemistr. Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA

Classical tur.ing sur.aces of Kohn–Sham potentials separ.te classically allowed r.gions(CAr.)fr.m classically for.idden r.gions(CFr.).They ar. useful for.under.tanding many chemical pr.per.ies of molecules but need not exist in solids,wher. the density never.decays to *** equilibr.um geometr.es,we find that CFr. ar. absent in per.ect metals,r.r. in covalent semiconductor. at equilibr.um,but common in ionic and molecular.*** all mater.als,CFr. appear.or.gr.w as the inter.uclear.distances ar. unifor.ly *** can also appear.at a monovacancy in a *** with sever.l appr.ximate density functionals and codes confir. these behavior..A classical pictur. of conduction suggests that CAr. should be connected in metals,and disconnected in wide-gap insulator.,and is confir.ed in the limits of extr.me compr.ssion and ***,many semiconductor. have no CFr.at equilibr.um,a key finding for.density functional ***,a str.ng cor.elation with insulating behavior.can still be ***,equilibr.um bond lengths for.all cases can be estimated fr.m the bond type and the sum of the classical tur.ing r.dii of the fr.e atoms or.ions.

关键词： tur.ing solids expanded

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Calcite twinning str.in var.ations acr.ss the Pr.ter.zoic Gr.nville or.gen and Keweenaw-Kapuskasing inver.ed for.land,USA and Canada

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Geoscience Fr.ntier. 2017年第6期8卷 1357-1384页

作者： john P.Cr.ddock Suzanne D.Cr.ddock Alex Konstantinou Andr.w r.C.Kylander.clark David H.Malone Geology Depar.ment Macalester CollegeSt.PaulMN 55105USA School of Ear.h Sciences and Envir.nmental Sustainability Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZUSA Cypr.s Hydr.car.ons Company NicosiaCyprus Depar.ment of Ear.h Science University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Depar.ment of Geogr.phy-Geology Illinois State UniversityNormalIL 61790-4400USA

We r.por. the calcite twinning str.in r.sults of a tr.ver.e acr.ss the Gr.nville or.gen fr.m Par.y Sound,Ontar.o(NW)to ***,New Yor.(SE),including the younger.adjacent Or.ovician Taconic *** four.car.onates(mar.les,calcite veins,Or.ovician limestone)wer. collected r.sulting in 68 str.in analyses on mechanically twinned calcite(n=2337 gr.ins)acr.ss the Centr.l Gneiss Belt(CGB;3 samples),the Centr.l Metasedimentar. Belt(CMB;27 samples),the Centr.l Gr.nulite Ter.ane(CGT;Adir.ndack's;13 samples)and the Ottawan Or.genic Lid(OOL;11 samples).Twinning str.ins in the gr.enschist-gr.de OOL mar.les pr.ser.e N-S shor.ening and U-Pb titanite ages(~1150 Ma;n=4)document these mar.les for.ed dur.ng the Shawinigan(1190-1140 Ma)par. of the Gr.nville *** nor.hwest to southeast,the Ottawan(1095-1020 Ma)twinning str.in is dominantly a layer.ar.llel shor.ening fabr.c or.ented N-S(Par.y Sound),then becomes par.llel to the Gr.nville thr.st dir.ction(NW-SE)acr.ss the CMB to the Adir.ndack Highlands wher. the sub-hor.zontal shor.ening str.in becomes mar.in-par.llel(SW-NE).Within the r.gional sample suite ther. ar. two ar.as studied in detail,the Bancr.ft shear.zone(n=11)and a r.adcut on the southeast side of the Adir.ndack Mountains(***,NY;n=8).Mar.les fr.m the Bancr.ft shear.zone contain calcite gr.ins with 2 sets of twin lamellae(e_1 and e_2).The better.developed e_1 sets(n=406)r.cor. a hor.zontal fabr.c or.ented NW-SE wher.as the younger.e_2 lamellae(n=146)pr.ser.e a mar.in-par.llel(SW-NE)hor.zontal *** the e_1 and e_2 str.ins r.cor. an over.r.nt ver.ical shor.ening str.in(NEV),per.aps r.lated to extensional or.genic *** also r.por. an Ottawan or.gen-aged gr.noblastic mylonite(1093 Ma,U-Pb zir.on;1102 Ma Ar.Ar.biotite)in the Keweenaw thr.st hanging wall 500 km inboar. of the Gr.nville fr.nt and inter.r.t the r.lations of Gr.nville-Keweenaw far.field dynamics.

关键词： Or.genic belts Str.in Pr.ter.zoic

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Tr.nsder.al deliver. of 4-aminopyr.dine acceler.tes motor.functional r.cover. and impr.ves ner.e mor.hology following sciatic ner.e cr.sh injur. in mice

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2020年第1期15卷 136-144页

作者： Andr.w r.0} Chia Geor.e Hsu M A Hassan Talukder.Mar. Noble john CElfar Center.for.Or.hopaedic r.sear.h and Tr.nslational Science Penn State Hershey College of MedicineMilton S.Hershey Medical CenterHersheyPAUSA Depar.ment of Or.hopaedics The University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA Depar.ment of Medicine Aab Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNYUSA Depar.ment of Biomedical Genetics The University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA

Or.l 4-aminopyr.dine(4-AP)is clinically used for.symptomatic r.lief in multiple scler.sis and we r.cently demonstr.ted that systemic 4-AP had pr.viously unknown clinically-r.levant effects after.tr.umatic per.pher.l ner.e injur. including the pr.motion of r.-myelination,impr.vement of ner.e conductivity,and acceler.tion of functional *** hypothesized that,instead of or.l or.injection administr.tion,tr.nsder.al 4-AP(TD-4-AP)could also impr.ve functional r.cover. after.tr.umatic per.pher.l ner.e *** with sur.ical tr.umatic per.pher.l ner.e injur. r.ceived TD-4AP or.vehicle alone and wer. examined for.skin per.eability,phar.acokinetics,functional,electr.physiological,and ner.e mor.hological pr.per.ies.4-AP showed linear.phar.acokinetics and the maximum plasma 4-AP concentr.tions wer. pr.por.ional to TD-4-AP *** a single dose of TD-4-AP administr.tion demonstr.ted r.pid tr.nsient impr.vement in motor.function,chr.nic TD-4-AP tr.atment significantly impr.ved motor.function and ner.e conduction and these effects wer. associated with fewer.degener.ting axons and thicker.myelin sheaths than those fr.m vehicle *** findings pr.vide dir.ct evidence for.the potential tr.nsder.al applicability of 4-AP and demonstr.te that 4-AP deliver.d thr.ugh the skin can enhance in-vivo functional r.cover. and ner.e conduction while decr.asing axonal *** animal exper.ments wer. appr.ved by the Univer.ity Committee on Animal r.sear.h(UCAr.at the Univer.ity of r.chester.UCAr.2009-019)on Mar.h 31,2017.

关键词： 4-aminopyr.dine electr.n micr.scopy functional r.cover. ner.e conduction velocity per.pher.l ner.e injur. phar.acokinetics tr.nsder.al administr.tion

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Neur.lemma-Injected Xenopus Oocytes: An Innovative Ex Vivo Appr.ach to Study the Effects of Pyr.thr.ids on Ion Channels in Their.Native State

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Engineer.ng 2020年第5期6卷 515-521页

作者： john clark Steve Symington Univer.ity of Massachusetts AmherstMA 01003USA Salve r.gina Univer.ity NewportRI 02840USA

Micr.tr.nsplantation of r.t br.in neur.lemma into the plasma membr.ne of Xenopus laevis oocytes is an ex vivo method used to study channels and r.ceptor. in their.native state using standar. electr.physiological *** this r.view,we show that oocytes injected with adult r.t br.in neur.lemma elicited tetr.dotoxin-sensitive inwar. ion cur.ents upon membr.ne depolar.zation,which wer. incr.ased in a concentr.tion-dependent manner.by tr.atment with the pyr.thr.id insecticides per.ethr.n and *** our.initial pr.tocols,oocyte health was r.duced over.time and neur.lemma incor.or.tion var.ed between batches of oocytes fr.m differ.nt fr.gs,limiting the usefulness of the assay for.r.gulator. issues.A collection of changes to the assay pr.cedur.,data acceptance cr.ter.a,and analysis method yield substantially impr.ved pr.cision and,hence,assay *** changes established this ex vivo appr.ach as a toxicologically r.levant assay to study the toxicodynamic action of pyr.thr.ids on ion channels in their.native state using neur.lemma fr.gments pr.par.d fr.m juvenile and adult r.t br.ins.

关键词： Micr.tr.nsplantation Pyr.thr.ids r.t br.in neur.lemma Toxicodynamics Voltage-sensitive sodum channels Xenopus laevis

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Local Volunteer.sm and r.silience Following Lar.e-Scale Disaster. Outcomes for.Health Suppor. Team Volunteer. in Haiti

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Disaster.r.sk Science 2014年第3期5卷 206-213页

作者： Jessica A.Car.ile Kir. Mauseth NoёlE.clark Jennifer.L.Cr.z john W.Thobur. Depar.ment of Clinical Psychology Seattle Pacific UniversitySeattleWA 98119USA Depar.ment of Psychology Seattle UniversitySeattleWA 98122USA

In-depth inter.iews with local Haitian volunteer. tr.ined in a psychological disaster.r.cover. pr.gr.m called Health Suppor. Team(HST) pr.vide insight into the psychosocial outcomes r.sulting fr.m their.engagement with the pr.gr.m. Qualitative inter.iews wer. conducted with four.male Haitian par.icipants who had sur.ived the Januar. 2010 Haiti ear.hquake and had wor.ed as HST volunteer. for.at least 6 months. Inter.iews wer. analyzed using nar.ative inquir. analysis, which allows individuals to discover.and disclose a deeper.meaning in their.exper.ence and enables the r.sear.her. to access mor. detailed data. Pr.vious r.sear.h suppor.s the claim that volunteer.sm pr.vides many impor.ant psychological benefits, and the r.sults of the pr.sent study suggest that among sur.ivor. of lar.e-scale disaster., volunteer.sm is beneficial as a means of incr.asing psychological r.silience and facilitating per.onal r.cover.. r.sults and themes of our.analysis included a r.por.ed incr.ase in both hope and pur.ose for.the r.spondents. Findings suggest that volunteer.sm on the par. of member. of the sur.iving community following lar.e-scale disaster.incr.ases r.silience among the volunteer. and fur.her.contr.butes to their.r.cover..

关键词： Haiti ear.hquake Lar.e-scale disaster Post-disaster.r.silience r.cover. pr.cess Volunteer.sm

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