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Persistence and growth of faecal culturable bacterial indicators in water column and sediments of Vidy Bay,Lake Geneva,Switzerland

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第1期21卷 62-69页

作者： POTE john HALLEr Laurence KOTTELAT régis SASTrE Vincent ArPAGAUS Philippe WILDI Walter University of Geneva F.-A. Forel Institute10 route de Suisse1290 VersoixSwitzerland

The aims of this study was to investigate the persistence and the growth of culturable bacterial indicators （CBI） including total coliforms （TC） and faecal coliforms represented by Escherichia coli, enterococcus （ENT）, and aerobic mesophilic bacteria （AMB） in the surface sediments and the water column of Vidy Bay fLake Geneva, City of Lausanne, Switzerland）. The study was carded out for 60 d using microcosms containing Sewage Treatment Plant （STP） effluent and nonsterile water without CBI, as well as contaminated and non-contaminated sediments. The effects of water temperature and of organic matter associated with sediments on the survival of CBI in the sediments and the water column were observed. The number of CBI colonies in the contaminated sediments of Vidy Bay and in the STP effluent was almost identical in the order of 10^5-10^7, 10^4-10^6, 10^5-10^5, and 10^4-10^7 CFU/100 g sediment or/100 mL water for TC, E. coli, ENT, and AMB respectively. A degradation of CBI was observed in the sediments where organic mater content was low and in the water column at a temperature of 10℃ after 5 d of experimentation. In addition, a growth of CBI was observed in the sediment which is rich in organic matter at 20℃. The results of this study indicate：（1） the higher concentrations of the CBI observed in different points in the water column of Vidy Bay may not be explained only by the recent contribution of the three potential sources of the Bay contamination including STP and the Chamberonne and Flon rivers, but also by the persistence, removal from sediment and multiplication of CBI in the sediment and water column; （2） the sediment of Vidy Bay constitute a reservoir of CBI and can even support their growth; and （3） the CBI not only survive in sediments, but also can be remobilized and increased in the water column, therefore, it become a permanent microbiological pollution in Vidy Bay.

关键词： Lake Geneva faecal pollution persistence multiplication human health risk

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Genetic variability of the stable fly assessed on a global scale using amplified fragment length polymorphism

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 695-703页

作者： Kathleen M Kneeland Steven r. Skoda john E. Foster Department of Entomology 103 Entomology Haft University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68583 USDA-ArS-KBUSLIrL Screwworm research Unit 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kern/ille TX 78028 USA

The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans （L.）（Diptera： Muscidae）, is a blood-feeding, economically important pest of animals and humans worldwide. Improved management strategies are essential and their development would benefit from studies on genetic di- versity of stable flies. Especially if done on a global scale, such research could generate information necessary for the development and application of more efficient control meth- ods. Herein we report on a genetic study of stable flies using amplified fragment length polymorphism, with samples of 10-40 individuals acquired from a total of 25 locations in the Nearctic, Neotropic, Palearctic, Afrotropic and Australasian biogeographical regions. We hypothesized that genetic differentiation would exist across geographical barriers. Although Fsx （0.33） was moderately high, the Gsx （0.05; representing genetic diversity between individuals） was very low; Nm values （representing gene flow） were high （9.36）. The mismatch distribution and tests of neutrality suggested population expansion, with no genetic differentiation between locations. The analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） results showed the majority of genetic diversity was within groups. The mantel test showed no correlation between geographic and genetic distance; this strongly supports the AMOVA results. These results suggest that stable flies did not show genetic differentiation but are panmictic, with no evidence of isolation by distance or across geographical barriers.

关键词： AFLP biting flies external parasites genetic diversity livestock pests Stomoxys calcitrans

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The 12th International Symposium on Spermatology

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第4期17卷 519-520页

作者： r john Aitken Jim M Cummins Brett Nixon Priority research Centre in reproductive Science Discipline of Biological Sciences and HunterMedical Research Institute University of NewcastleNSW 2308 Australia Division of Veterinary andBiomedical Sciences Murdoch University MurdochWA. Australia.

The 12th International Symposium of Spermatology continued the excellent tradition of this meeting since its inception in 1969 when the first Symposium was held in Italy under the Chairmanship of Professor Baccio Baccetti. This unique Symposium is held every 4 years and serves as a beacon for sperm cell biologists from all over the world, regardless of which species, animal or plant, they are working on. This willingness to embrace the fundamental biology of this distinctive cell type without species limitations is one of the hallmarks of this Symposium. For sperm biologists - it is our Olympics. The meeting in Newcastle, NSW brought together around 300 biologists from more than 22 different countries covering North and South America, Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia. Given the considerable distances and high cost involved in travelling to the East Coast of NSW, this was an outstanding outcome. The Symposium featured a series of 31 plenary lectures culminating in the prestigious Thaddeus Mann Memorial Lecture, which was delivered with typical grace and brilliance by Professor Masaru Okabe.

关键词： International Symposium Spermatology

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The evolution of surgical and medical treatment of aortic root aneurysm

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Frontiers of Medicine 2014年第4期8卷 427-432页

作者： Xu Yu Jin Li Yuan Mario Petrou john r. Pepper Oxford Heart Centre John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford OX3 9DU UK Oxford Echo Core Lab NDCLS Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford OX3 9DU UK Academic Department of Cardiac Surgery Royal Brompton Hospital London SW3 6NP UK Department of Ultrasonography Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Teehnology Wuhan 430022 China

Since first report of aortic root replacement in 1968, the surgical risk and long term outcome of patients with aortic root aneurysm have been continuously improving. In the last 30 years, the surgical approach is also evolving towards more valve conservation with prophylactical intervention at an earlier clinical stage. Translational research has also led to emerging surgical innovation and new drug therapy. Their efficacies are currently under vigorous clinical trials and evaluations.

关键词： aortic root aneurysm aortic root replacement valve sparing root replacement personalised external aortic rootsupport

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Mitochondria and the aging heart

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第3期8卷 159-167页

作者： Ketul r Chaudhary Haitham El-Sikhry john M Seubert Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2N8 Canada

The average human life span has markedly increased in modem society largely attributed to advances in medical and therapeutic sciences that have successfully reduced important health risks. However, advanced age results in numerous alterations to cellular and subcellular components that can impact the overall health and function of an individual. Not surprisingly, advanced age is a major risk factor for the development of heart disease in which elderly populations observe increased morbidity and mortality. Even healthy individuals that appear to have normal heart function under resting conditions, actually have an increased susceptibility and vulnerability to stress. This is confounded by the impact that stress and disease can have over time to both the heart and vessels. Although, there is a rapidly growing body of literature investigating the effects of aging on the heart and how age-related alterations affect cardiac function, the biology of aging and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we summarize effects of aging on the heart and discuss potential theories of cellular aging with special emphasis on mitoehondrial dysfunction.

关键词： aging heart mitochondria heart diseases reactive oxygen species

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis in gastrointestinal malignancies and inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第8期13卷 772-798页

作者： Alexa r Weingarden Samuel J S rubin john Gubatan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineStanford UniversityRedwood CityCA 94063United States Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford UniversityRedwood CityCA 94063United States

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI)have markedly changed the landscape of cancer *** re-invigorating the immune system against tumors,ICI provide novel therapeutic options for a broad variety of malignancies,including many gastrointestinal(GI)***,these therapies can also induce autoimmune-like side effects in healthy tissue across the *** of the most common of these side effects is ICI-mediated colitis and diarrhea(IMC).Here,we review the incidence and risk of IMC in ICI therapy,with a focus on what is known regarding IMC in patients with GI *** also discuss data available on the use of ICI and risk of IMC in patients with pre-existing inflammatory bowel disease,as these patients may have increased risk of IMC due to their underlying intestinal pathology.

关键词： Immune checkpoint inhibitors Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 Programmed cell death protein-1 Inflammatory bowel disease Gastrointestinal cancer

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Superconvergent Interpolatory HDG Methods for reaction Difusion Equations II:HHO‑Inspired Methods

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2022年第2期4卷 477-499页

作者： Gang Chen Bernardo Cockburn john r.Singler Yangwen Zhang College of Mathematics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina School of Mathematics University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMOUSA Department of Mathematical Science University of DelawareNewarkDEUSA

In Chen et al.(***.81(3):2188–2212,2019),we considered a superconvergent hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin(HDG)method,defned on simplicial meshes,for scalar reaction-difusion equations and showed how to defne an interpolatory version which maintained its convergence *** interpolatory approach uses a locally postprocessed approximate solution to evaluate the nonlinear term,and assembles all HDG matrices once before the time integration leading to a reduction in computational *** resulting method displays a superconvergent rate for the solution for polynomial degree k≥*** this work,we take advantage of the link found between the HDG and the hybrid high-order(HHO)methods,in Cockburn et al.(ESAIM ***.50(3):635–650,2016)and extend this idea to the new,HHO-inspired HDG methods,defned on meshes made of general polyhedral elements,uncovered *** meshes made of shape-regular polyhedral elements afne-equivalent to a fnite number of reference elements,we prove that the resulting interpolatory HDG methods converge at the same rate as for the linear elliptic ***,we obtain superconvergent methods for k≥0 by some *** thus maintain the superconvergence properties of the original *** present numerical results to illustrate the convergence theory.

关键词： Hybrid high-order methods Hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin methods Interpolatory method Superconvergence

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An Overview of CyberKnife radiosurgery

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Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2006年第4期3卷 229-243页

作者： john r.Adler Department of Neurosurgery Stanford University Medical School Stanford Jr.

Stereotactic radiosurgery is a non-invasive procedure that utilizes precisely targeted radiation as an ablative surgical tool. Conventional radiosurgery devices, such as the Gamma Knife, rely upon skeletally attached Stereotactic frames to immobilize the patient and precisely determine the 3D spatial position of a tumor. A relatively new instrument, the CyberKnife (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA), makes it possible to administer radiosurgery without a frame. The CyberKnife localizes clinical targets using a very accurate image-to-image correlation algorithm, and precisely cross-fires high-energy radiation from a lightweight linear accelerator by means of a highly manipulable robotic arm. CyberKnife radiosurgery is an effective alternative to conventional surgery or radiation therapy for a range of tumors and some non-neoplastic disorders. This report will describe CyberKnife technology and oncologic applications in neurosurgery and throughout the body.

关键词： radiosurgery CyberKnife imaged.-guided tumor ablation stereotactic.

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PNEUMATIC CONVEYING OF BIOMASS PArTICLES:A rEVIEW

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China Particuology 2006年第3期4卷 183-188页

作者： john r. Grace Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of British Columbia 2360 East Mall Vancouver V6T 1Z3 Canada

Processes involving biomass are of growing interest, but handling and conveying biomass particles are challenging due to the unusual physical properties of biomass particles. This paper reviews recent work on pneumatic conveying of biomass particles, especially agricultural particles and pulp fibres. Experimental work has been mainly carried out to determine a range of parameters, such as pressure drop, particle velocity, flow regime and electrostatic charging for both horizontal and vertical conveying. Models ranging from empirical to CFD models are also being developed. Difficulties in representing turbulence and interactions among biomass particles and between the particles and fluid have so far limited the success of advanced modeling. Further work is needed to improve understanding of multiphase biomass pneumatic conveying and to assist in the development of biomass energy and conversion processes.

关键词： biomass multiphase flow pneumatic conveying agricultural modeling particles

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Prognostic factors and survival after surgical resection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with validation of established and modified staging systems

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第2期17卷 169-175页

作者： Nikolaos Benetatos James Hodson ravi Marudanayagam robert P Sutcliffe john r Isaac john Ayuk Tahir Shah Keith J roberts The HPB Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Institute of Translational Medicine Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham University Hospitals Birmingham Endocrinology Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham University Hospitals Birmingham Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham University Hospital of Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust

Background: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs) display wide heterogeneity with highly variable prognosis. This study aimed to identify variables related to survival after surgical resection of ***: A total of 143 patients were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Patient characteristics were analyzed and prognostic factors for overall survival and progression-free survival were evaluated. The WHO, ENETS and AJCC scoring systems were applied to the cohort, and their ability to predict patient outcomes were ***: Multivariate analysis found that female gender, lymph node metastases and increasing WHO2010 grade to be independently associated with reduced overall survival(P requiring multi-visceral resection or debulking surgery found to be associated with shortest survival. rOC analysis found the ENETS and AJCC scoring systems to be similarly predictive of 5-year overall survival. Modified Ki67 significantly improved its accuracy in predicting 5-year overall survival(AUrOC: 0.699 vs 0.605;P ral or debulking surgery is associated with poor outcomes. There seems to be no significant difference between enucleation and anatomical segmental resection. Available scoring systems have reasonable accuracy in stratifying disease severity, with no system identified as being *** stratification with modified grading systems needs further validation before applied in clinical practice.

关键词： Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors Prognostic factors Validation of staging systems

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