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New dating indicates intermittent human occupation of the Nwya Devu Paleolithic site on the high-altitude central Tibetan Plateau during the past 45,000 years

培育生物产业，发展绿色经济——第五届中国生物产业大会·2011基因科学与产业发展论坛

作者： Laurie Goodman Ines Hellmann Michael Inouye john pool Karsten Kristiansen Gane Ka-Shu Wong Rasmus Nielsen Richard Durbin Lars Bolund Beijing Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Departments of Integrative Biology and Statistics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Wellcome Trust Genome CampusHinxtonCambridge CB10 1SAUK Departments of Integrative Biology and Statistics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia94720USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Southern DenmarkOdense M DK-5230Denmark Beijing Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Shenzhen 518000China Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Medicine University of AIbertaEdmonton ABT6G 2E9Canada Insitute of Human Genetics University of AarhusAarhus DK-8000Denmark

Here we present the first diploid genome sequence of an Asian *** genome was sequenced to 36-fold average coverage using massively parallel sequencing *** aligned the short reads onto the NCBI human reference genome to 99.97%coverage,and guided by the reference genome,we used uniquely mapped reads to assemble a high-quality consensus sequence for 92%of the Asian individual's *** identified approximately 3 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) inside this region,of which 13.6%were not in the dbSNP *** analysis showed that SNP identification had high accuracy and consistency,indicating the high sequence quality of this *** also carried out heterozygote phasing and haplotype prediction against HapMap CHB and JPT haplotypes (Chinese and Japanese,respectively),sequence comparison with the two available individual genomes(*** and J. ***),and structural variation *** variations were considered for their potential biological *** sequence data and analyses demonstrate the potential usefulness of next-generation sequencing technologies for personal genomics.

关键词： The diploid genome sequence of an Asian individual

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 531-551页

作者： Junyi GE Xiaoling ZHANG Shejiang WANG Linhui LI Wei HE Yingshuai JIN Peiqi ZhANG Bing XU Chenglong DENG john WOLSEN Zhengtang GUO Xing GAO Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Tibetan Cultural Relics Conservation Institute Lhasa 850000China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Anthropology University of ArizonaTucson85721USA

The timing and mechanisms of the human occupation of the demanding high-altitude Tibetan Plateau environment are of great ***,we report on our reinvestigations and dating of the Nwya Devu site,located nearly 4600 meters above sea level on the central Tibetan Plateau.A new microblade techno-complex was identified on a lower lake shore at this site,distinct from the previously reported blade tool *** two lithic assemblages were dated to 45.6±2.6 and10.3±0.5 ka using optically stimulated luminescence and accelerator mass spectrometry^(14)C *** represent,respectively,the earliest known Paleolithic and microlithic sites on the interior Tibetan Plateau,indicating multiple occupation episodes of hunter-gatherers during the past 45 *** studies reveal that relatively stable depositional conditions and a paleoenvironment characterized by a comparatively warm climate facilitated these multiple occupations at Nwya *** contemporaneous occurrence of the Upper Paleolithic blade technology on the Tibetan Plateau and most of Eurasia between 50 and 40 ka indicates rapid,large-scale dispersals of humans that profoundly affected human demography on a large *** new archaeological evidence and previously reported genetic data,we conclude that the Tibetan Plateau provided a relatively stable habitat for Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers,which may have contributed to the complex and multiple-origin gene pool of present-day Tibetans.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Paleolithic Nwya Devu High-altitude adaptation Microblade industry Early Upper Paleolithic OSLdating AMS^(14)C dating

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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Tsang Sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan john K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.Lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.Wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

Social media video analysis methodology for sarin exposure

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 279-284页

作者： Sadik Toprak Emine Yilmaz Can Bulent Altinsoy john Hart Zekeriya Dogan Mustafa Ozcetin Department of Forensic Medicine Istanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Medical Pharmacology Bulent Ecevit UniversityZonguldakTurkey Department of Pulmonary Medicine Bulent Ecevit UniversityZonguldakTurkey James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies MontereyCAUSA Department of Civil Engineering Bulent Ecevit UniversityZonguldakTurkey Department of Pediatrics Istanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey

As social media becomes increasingly ubiquitous,many events are recorded and released on social media platforms,including chemical weapon *** develop an objective tool in order to evaluate brief and unstructured social media videos for analysing sarin exposure from a civilian medical pathology *** developed and validated this new questionnaire using a standardized procedure that includes content domain specification,item pool generation,content validity evaluation,a pilot study,and assessment of reliability and *** total,51 sarin attacks and 48 matched videos were ***’s a for all 20 items was 0.75,which indicates adequate internal *** test–retest reliability was 0.96,which indicates good internal *** inter-observer intraclass correlation coefficient was *** verifying sampling adequacy with the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure and the factorability of the items with Barlett’s test of sphericity,a factor analysis was *** to the principal axis factoring,a six-factor solution explained 51.86%of the total *** receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the Video Score Questionnaire has a sensitivity of 0.817,a specificity of 0.478,and an efficiency of ***,the Video Score Questionnaire is reliable and valid for evaluating sarin attacks from brief and unstructured social media videos.

关键词： Forensic sciences social media sarin scale questionnaire chemical weapon nerve agent YouTube

Falling sperm counts twenty years on： where are we now？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 204-207,I0006页

作者： R john Aitken Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science Discipline of Biological sciences University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Australia

Poor semen quality is an attribute of the human condition that we sharewith our closest primate ancestors and may be part of our evolutionary inheritance. This characteristic may also reflect the lack of selection pressure on male fertility in advanced societies that have gone through the demographic transition. In the future, such trends may be further exacerbated by the widespread use of ART, which will impair the elimination of low fecundity genotypes from the human gene pool. Environmental pollutants may also be influencing male fertility, however, neither the chemical identity of these factors nor their mechanism-of-action are fully understood.

关键词： TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME MALE-INFERTILITY REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PHTHALATE EXPOSURE OXIDATIVE STRESS MALE-FERTILITY Y-CHROMOSOME DNA-DAMAGE DIETHYLSTILBESTROL COMPETITION

Bile acid-based therapies for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic Iiver disease

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 152-169页

作者： Tiangang Li john Y.L.Chiang Department of Pharmacology Toxicology and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol only in *** acids circulating in the enterohepatic system act as physiological detergent molecules to help solubilize biliary cholesterol and emulsify dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins in small *** acids are signaling molecules that activate nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and cell surface G protein-coupled receptor *** critically regulates bile acid homeostasis by mediating bile acid feedback inhibition of hepatic bile acid *** addition,bile acid-activated cellular signaling pathways regulate metabolic homeostasis,immunity,and cell proliferation in various metabolically active *** the small and large intestine,gut bacterial enzymes modify primary bile acids to generate secondary bile acids to help shape the bile acid pool composition and subsequent biological *** turn,bile acids exhibit anti-microbial properties and modulate gut microbiota to influence host metabolism and ***,bile acid-based therapies including systemic and intestine-restricted FXR agonists,TGR5 agonists,fibroblast growth factor 19 analogue,intestine FXR antagonists,and intestine apical sodium-bile acid transporter(ASBT)inhibitors have been developed as promising treatments for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).These pharmacological agents improved metabolic and inflammatory disorders via distinct mechanisms of action that are subjects of extensive research *** recently,human and experimental alcoholic liver disease(ALD)has been associated with disrupted bile acid *** additional,new findings showed that targeting bile acid metabolism and signaling may be promising therapeutic approaches for treating ALD.

关键词： Bile acid farnesoid X receptor(FXR) microbiota non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) alcoholic liver disease(ALD)

ROOT EXUDATES FROM CANOLA EXHIBIT BIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION INHIBITION AND ARE EFFECTIVE IN INHIBITING AMMONIA OXIDATION IN SOIL

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第2期9卷 177-186页

作者： Cathryn A.O'SULLIVAN Elliott G.DUNCAN Margaret M.ROPER Alan E.RICHARDSON john A.KIRKEGAARD Mark B.PEOPLES CSIRO Agriculture&Food 306 Carmody RdSt LuciaQld 4067Australia CSIRO Agriculture&Food Private Bag 5WembleyWA 6913Australia MBS Environmental 4 Cook StreetWest PerthWA 6005Australia CSIRO Agriculture&Food GPO Box 1700CanberraACT 2601Australia

A range of plant species produce root exudates that inhibit ammonia-oxidizing *** biological nitrification inhibition(BNI)capacity can decrease N loss and increase N uptake from the *** study sought evidence for the existence and magnitude of BNI capacity in canola(Brassica napus).Seedlings of three canola cultivars,Brachiaria humidicola(BNI positive)and wheat(Triticum aestivum)were grown in a hydroponic *** exudates were collected and their inhibition of the ammonia oxidizing bacterium,Nitrosospira multiformis,was *** pot experiments were used to test the inhibition of native nitrifying communities in *** exudates from canola significantly reduced nitrification rates of both *** cultures and native soil microbial *** level of nitrification inhibition across the three cultivars was similar to the well-studied high-BNI species *** capacity of canola may have implications for the N dynamics in farming systems and the N uptake efficiency of crops in rotational farming *** reducing nitrification rates canola crops may decrease N losses,increase plant N uptake and encourage microbial N immobilization and subsequently increase the pool of organic N that is available for mineralization during the following cereal crops.

关键词： ammonia oxidizing microorganisms biological nitrification inhibition farming rotations nitrogen cycling nitrogen use efficiency

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Carbon fluxes in soil:long-term sequestration in deeper soil horizons

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2005年第2期15卷 149-154页

作者： john F.MCCARTHY Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA

Terrestrial ecosystems represent the second largest carbon reservoir, and the C balance in terrestrial ecosystems can be directly impacted by human activities such as agricultural management practices and land-use changes. This paper focuses on the C-sequestration in soil. Although many studies showed that the concentration of SOC is much higher in the shallow soils (0-30 cm), the deeper horizons represent a much greater mass of soil and represent a huge C-storage pool. The process of preferential retention of more strongly adsorbing components, along with competitive displacement of weakly binding components are the key processes that enhance the movement of organic carbon to deeper soil horizons. DOC represents the most dynamic part of organic carbon in soils, and thus can be used as a timely indicator of the short-term change of C-sequestration. Long-term experiments have demonstrated that higher SOC levels in shallow soils would lead to increased fluxes of DOC to deeper horizons, but more data on a wider range of soils and treatment strategies are needed to fully evaluate the linkages between changes in SOC in shallow soil, vertical fluxes of DOC to deeper soil horizons, and enhanced C-inventories in deeper, slow-turnover SOC pools.

关键词： carbon flux SOC DOC land use and management

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Numerical modeling of sediment flushing from Lewis and Clark Lake

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2013年第2期28卷 182-193页

作者： Jungkyu AHN Chih Ted YANG Paul M.BOYD Daniel B.PRIDAL john I.REMUS Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Research Fellow Water Resources and Director of Hydroscience and Training Center Civil and Environmental Engineering DepartmentColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA80526 Borland Professor U.S.Army Corps of Engineers OmahaNebraskaUSA Hydraulic Engineer Sedimentation and Channel Stabilization Section U.S.Army Corps of EngineersOmahaNebraskaUSA Chief

Lewis and Clark Lake is located on the main stream of the Missouri *** reservoir is formed behind Gavins Point dam near Yankton,South Dakota,*** Lewis and Clark Lake reach extends about 40 km from the Gavins Point *** reservoir delta has been growing since the closure of Gavins Point dam in 1955 and has resulted in a 21%reduction of storage within the maximum pool of the *** several sediment management methods,drawdown flushing has been recommended as a possible management *** engineering viability of removing sediments deposited in the lake should be examined by numerical modeling before implementing a drawdown ***4 was used for this study and calibrated by using measured data from 1975 to *** cross-section changes and amount of flushed sediment were predicted with four hypothetical flow *** flushing efficiencies of all scenarios were estimated by comparing the ratios between water consumption and flushed sediment during flushing.

关键词： Drawdown flushing Flushing efficiency GSTARS computer model Reservoir sedimentation Sediment transport Lewis and Clark Lake