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Femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy: a review

Eye and Vision 2018年第1期5卷 59-69页

作者： john S.m.Chang Department of Ophthalmology Hong Kong Sanatorium&Hospital8/FLi Shu Pui BlockPhase II2 Village RoadHappy ValleyHong KongChina

Background:Astigmatic keratotomy(AK)remains an accessible means to correct surgically induced or naturally occurring *** advantages of femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy(FSAK)over conventional methods have been recognized *** text:This review evaluates the efficacy,complications,and different methods of FSAK for correction of astigmatism in native eyes and those that underwent previous penetrating keratoplasty(pKp).The penetrating and intrastromal FSAK(IFSAK)techniques can reduce post-keratoplasty astigmatism by 35.4%to 84.77%and 23.53%to 89.42%,*** native eyes,the penetrating and IFSAK techniques reduce astigmatism by 26.8%to 58.62%and 36.3%to 58%respectively,implying that the magnitude of the astigmatic reduction is comparable between the two FSAK ***,IFSAK offers the additional advantages of almost no risk of infection,wound gape,and epithelial *** use of nomograms,anterior-segment optical coherence tomography,and consideration of posterior cornea and corneal biomechanics are helpful to enhance the efficacy and safety of *** complications of FSAK in eyes that underwent pKp include overcorrection,visual loss,microperforations,infectious keratitis,allograft rejection,and *** reported difficulties in native eyes include overcorrection,anterior gas breakthrough,and suction ***:In eyes that underwent pKp,FSAK effectively reduces high regular or irregular astigmatism,with rare and manageable ***,the drawbacks of the procedure include the potential loss of visual acuity and low *** native eyes undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery,IFSAK is a good choice to correct low astigmatism(pters).The refractive effect of astigmatism from the posterior cornea needs to be considered in the nomograms for native eyes undergoing refractive cataract *** further improve the efficacy of FSAK,more large-scale ra

关键词： Femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy post-keratoplasty astigmatism Astigmatism correction Refractive surgery

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Recent advances in extraction of antioxidants from plant by-products processing industries

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Food Quality and Safety 2017年第1期1卷 61-81页

作者： m.Selvamuthukumaran john Shi Department of Food Science and post Harvest Technology Institute of TechnologyHaramaya UniversityPO Box 138Dire DawaEthiopia guelph Research and Development Center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada93 Stone Road WestGuelphOntario N1G 5C9Canada

The by-products obtained from plant processing industries are the cheap source of bioactive compounds especially *** of bioactive compounds can be obtained by using conventional and non-conventional *** efficiency of any conventional method mainly depends on the choice of *** major challenges of conventional extraction are longer extraction time,requirement of costly and high purity solvent,evaporation of the huge amount of solvent,low extraction selectivity,and thermal decomposition of thermolabile *** overcome these limitations of conventional extraction methods,new and promising extraction techniques are *** techniques are referred as non-conventional extraction ***,in this review,some of the most promising techniques such as ultrasoundassisted extraction,pulsed electric field extraction,enzyme-assisted extraction,microwave-assisted extraction,pressurized liquid extraction,supercritical fluid extraction,pressurized low-polarity water extraction,and molecular distillation were *** process systems along with industrial applications for non-conventional method of antioxidants extraction were discussed,and the comparative efficacies of different extraction methods were *** conventional technologies by non-conventional ones for the extraction of valuable compounds from plant by-products processing industries has several advantages,which includes reduction of the processing time,energy consumption,and the uses of harmful and expensive solvents and increase in the extraction *** and development of hybrid methods should be investigated,while considering plant material characteristics and choice of compounds in *** choice of standard methods also influences the measurement of extraction *** increasing economic significance of bioactive compounds and commodities rich in these bioactive compounds may lead to find out more sophi

关键词： Antioxidants Extraction Non-conventional methods plant by-products pulsed electric field extraction Ultrasoundassisted extraction

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ZONAL AND mERIDIONAL CIRCULATIONS IN THE EQUA-TORIALZONE AS DEDUCED FROm THE DIVERgENCE FIELD OF THE SURFACE WIND

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1987年第4期4卷 432-446页

作者：王绍武,Todd p.mitchell,john m.Wallace Department of geophysics peking University Todd p. mitchell and john m. Wallace Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Washington U.S.A. Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Washington U.S.A. Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Washington U.S.A.

The zonal and meridional circulations and their variability arc examined on the basis of the surface wind data for 1950-1979. The climatological mean zonal wind and its divergence arc examined in reference to the Walker Circulation. The role played by the meridional circulation in contributing to convergence of the surface wind field within the equatorial zone is emphasized. Regression coefficients are used to infer seasonal mean anomalies of divergence of the surface wind in years when the sea level pressure is 1 hpa above normal at Darwin, a condition representative of El Nino events. It is shown that anomalies in the divergence associated with the meridional wind component are primarily responsible for the heavy precipitation in the Central pacific, while the anomalous divergence associated with the zonal wind component may cause the drought in the Western pacific near Indonesia. A similar pattern of divergence anomalies is evident during three consecutive seasons beginning in northern summer and end

关键词： Nino over ZONAL AND mERIDIONAL CIRCULATIONS IN THE EQUA-TORIALZONE AS DEDUCED FROm THE DIVERgENCE FIELD OF THE SURFACE WIND

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performances of Concrete under Elevated Curing Temperature

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(materials Science) 2004年第3期19卷 65-67页

作者：谭克锋 john m Nichols Southwest University of Science and Technology Texas A&m University(USA)

The behaviors of concrete at elevated curing temperature were studied. The test results show that when concrete is cured at elevated temperature, a harmful consequence *** later strength decreases significantly compared to that under normal curing condition. Incorporating silica fume, fly ash and slag or lowering w/c ratio can effectively alleviate this harmful consequence. Comparatively, incorporation of silica fume is the most efficient means to decrease the later strength reduction. The harmful consequence is not caused by the difference in degree of hydration since the degree of hydration is similar between elevated curing temperature and normal curing condition. The SEm analysis shows that it is the uneven distribution of hydration products caused by elevated curing temperature that leads to the later strength reduction of concrete.

关键词： curing temperature strength mineral admixture

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Fecal microbiota transplantation as novel therapy in gastroenterology:A systematic review

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2015年第17期21卷 5359-5371页

作者： Noortje g Rossen john K mac Donald Elisabeth m de Vries geert R D'Haens Willem m de Vos Erwin g Zoetendal Cyriel Y ponsioen Department of gastroenterology and Hepatology Academic Medical Center Amsterdam1105 AZ AmsterdamThe Netherlands Division of gastroenterology Robarts Clinical trialsRobarts Research Institutethe University of Western OntarioLondonCanada and Amsterdamthe NetherlandsOntario N6A 5K8Canada Departments of Bacteriology and Immunology and Veterinary Biosciences University of HelsinkiFI-00014 HelsinkiFinland Laboratory of microbiology Wageningen University6703 HA Wageningenthe Netherlands

AIm:To study the clinical efficacy and safety of Fecal microbiota transplantation(FmT).We systematically reviewed FmT used as clinical ***:We searched mEDLINE,EmBASE,the Cochrane Library and Conference proceedings from inception to July,*** effect of FmT was calculated as the percentage of patients who achieved clinical improvement per patient category,on an intention-to-treat ***:We included 45 studies;34 on Clostridium difficile-infection(CDI),7 on inflammatory bowel disease,1 on metabolic syndrome,1 on constipation,1 on pouchitis and 1 on irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).In CDI 90% resolution of diarrhea in 33 case series(n = 867) was reported,and 94% resolution of diarrhea after repeated FmT in a randomized controlled trial(RCT)(n = 16).In ulcerative colitis(UC) remission rates of 0% to 68% were found(n = 106).In Crohn's disease(CD)(n = 6),no benefit was *** IBS,70% improvement of symptoms was found(n = 13).100% Reversal of symptoms was observed in constipation(n = 3).In pouchitis,none of the patients(n = 8) achieved *** RCT showed significant improvement of insulin sensitivity in metabolic syndrome(n = 10).Serious adverse events were ***:FmT is highly effective in CDI,and holds promise in *** for CD,chronic constipation,pouchitis and IBS data are too limited to draw *** increases insulin sensitivity in metabolic syndrome.

关键词： Fecal microbiota transplantation microbiota Clostridium difficile infection Inflammatory boweldisease metabolic syndrome

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A Fractal measure of Spatial Association between Landslides and Conditioning Factors

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第4期28卷 588-594页

作者： Renguang Zuo Emmanuel john m.Carranza State Key Laboratory of geological processes and mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Institute of geosciences State University of Campinas (Uni Camp)

measuring the relative importance and assigning weights to conditioning factors of land- slides occurrence are significant for landslide prevention and/or mitigation. In this contribution, a fractal method is introduced for measuring the spatial relationships between landslides and condition- ing factors （such as faults, rivers, geological boundaries, and roads）, and for assigning weights to condi- tioning factors for mapping of landslide susceptibility. This method can be expressed as p=C~, where d is the fractal dimension, and C is a constant. This relationship indicates a fractal relation between land- slide density （p） and distances to conditioning factors （6）. The case of d〉0 suggests a significant spatial correlation between landslides and conditioning factors. The larger the d （〉0） value, the stronger the spatial correlation is between landslides and a specific conditioning factor. Two case studies in South China were examined to demonstrate the usefulness of this novel method.

关键词： geological hazard landslides fractal spatial statistic.

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post-VmS mineralization deformations （1880-1820 ma） of the Skellefte district （Sweden）： insights from the spatial pattern of VmS occurrences

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2014年第3期8卷 319-324页

作者： Emmanuel john m. CARRANZA martiya SADEgHI School of Earth and Environmental Sciences James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia geological Survey of Sweden Villav/igen 18 Uppsala Sweden

In the last two to three decades or so, the spatial pattern of mineral occurrences of a deposit-type has been studied to derive insights to mineralization controls and assist mineral exploration. In the Skellefte district, Fry plots of volcanogenic massive sulfide （VmS） mines/ prospects reveal patterns that are likely due to post- mineralization deformation events. The fractal dimensions of the spatial patterns of the present-day VmS mines/ prospects and that of the ＇original＇ VmS deposits support the concept that spatial patterns of mineral deposits are spatially-invariant. Therefore, analysis of the spatial pattern of mineral deposits is useful not only in research about pre- and syn-mineralization geological settings but also post-mineralization geological settings.

关键词： fractal Fry analysis mineral deposits structural history orogenic belts

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The Transference Number

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Energy & Environmental materials 2022年第2期5卷 366-369页

作者： Kevin W.gao Chao Fang David m.Halat Aashutosh mistry john Newman Nitash p.Balsara materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Joint Center for Energy Storage Research Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA

The performance of rechargeable batteries and other electrochemical systems depends on the rate at which the working ion(often a cation)is transported from one electrode to the *** cation transference number is an important transport parameter that affects this *** purpose of this perspective is to distinguish between approximate and rigorous methods used in the literature to measure the transference *** emphasize the fact that this parameter is dependent on the reference frame used in the analysis;care must be taken when comparing values obtained from different sources to account for differences in reference *** present data obtained from a well-characterized *** compare rigorously determined transference numbers in two reference frames with values obtained by an approximate *** conclude with a qualitative discussion of the relationship between the transference number and salt concentration gradients that are obtained when current is drawn through a battery。

关键词： battery electrolytes concentrated solution theory ion transport reference frames transference number

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The omentum

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2000年第2期6卷 169-176页

作者： Cameron platell Deborah Cooper john m.papadimitriou john C.Hall Department of Surgery the University of Western Australia Departments of pathology the University of Western Australia

INTRODUCTIONThe word omentum derives from the ancientEgyptians who,when embalming human bodies,used to assess their'omens'by looking at thevariations in what we recognise today as ***(128-199 AD)thought that therole of the omentum was to warm the *** was on the basis of a gladiator who had anomental resection after a stab injury and sufferedgreatly from cold for the rest of his life.A

关键词： omentum peritonitis macrophage neutrophil lymphocytes mesothelium adhesions omentectomy

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gastrointestinal and liver disease in patients with schizophrenia:A narrative review

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2022年第38期28卷 5515-5529页

作者： Rebecca K grant William m Brindle mhairi C Donnelly pauline m mcConville Thomas g Stroud Lorenzo Bandieri john N plevris The Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghEH164SAUnited Kingdom general Adult psychiatry Royal Edinburgh HospitalEdinburghEH105HFUnited Kingdom

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness which can have a devastating impact onan individual’s quality of life. Comorbidities are high amongst patients and lifeexpectancy is approximately 15 years less than the general population. Despite thewell-known increased mortality, little is known about the impact of gastrointestinaland liver disease on patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to reviewthe literature and to make recommendations regarding future care. Literaturesearches were performed on pubmed to identify studies related to gastrointestinaland liver disease in patients with schizophrenia. High rates of chronic liverdisease were reported, with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease being of particularconcern;antipsychotics and metabolic syndrome were contributing factors. Ratesof acute liver failure were low but have been associated with antipsychotic useand paracetamol overdose. Coeliac disease has historically been linked to schizophrenia;however, recent research suggests that a causal link is yet to be *** is emerging regarding the relationships between schizophrenia andpeptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome;clinical vigilance regarding these conditions should be high. patients with schizophreniapoorly engage with bowel cancer screening programmes, leading to latediagnosis and increased mortality. Clozapine induced constipation is a significantissue for many patients and requires close monitoring. There is a significantburden of gastrointestinal and liver disease amongst patients with *** levels of support from all members of the medical team are essential toensure that appropriate, timely care is provided.

关键词： Schizophrenia gastrointestinal disease Liver disease mental health

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