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Effects of pituitary extract,ovaprim,and bitter leaf(Vernonia amygdalina)on the histopathology of African catfish(Clarias gariepinus)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2018年第6期3卷 232-237页

作者： Blessing B.Ajayi john o.ogunsola olufemi I.olatoye Richard E.Antia Samuel Agbede Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria Department of Veterinary Pathology University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria

The development of aquaculture in Nigeria is constrained by the inadequate supply of high quality of fingerlings of African catfish(Clarias gariepinus).There are conflicting reports on the reproductive efficacy of Vernonia amygdalina when compared with the synthetic hormone ovaprim(oV)and Pituitary Extract(PE)on *** histopathology of select organs in catfish treated with generic ovaprim(oV),Pituitary Extract(CPE),and aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina(VAE)were *** female ***(average weight of 1 kg)wereevenly and randomly distributed to four *** in groups A,B,C,and D were injected intramuscularly with aqueous solutions of oV(0.5 mL/kg),PE(5 mg/kg),VAE(10 mg/kg),and distilled water(DW;0.5 ml),*** examinations of the ovary,liver,kidney,and spleen were carried *** revealed that oV-and PE-treated groups showed synchronous and synchronous ovarian development,vacuolar change of hepatocytes,thinning of hepatic cords,reduced renal haemopoietic compartments,tubular degeneration and necrosis,and decrease in splenic periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths(PALS).VAE-treated groups had asynchronous ovarian development with atretic ovarian follicles,widespread vacuolar change of hepatocytes,intact renal tubular and hemopoietic compartments,and preponderance of large and coalescing splenic *** conclude that VAE is an ineffective spawning agent,especially when compared with oV and PE,as VAE could not induce synchronous gonadal ***,VAE may have immunopotentiating,nephroprotective,and haemopoietic properties.

关键词： Clarias gariepinus Vernonia amygdalina extract Pituitary extract ovaprim Gonadal development Histopathology Reproductive performance

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What's the Biggest Thing in the Universe?

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英语世界 2024年第7期 127-128页

作者： john o'Reilly

What's the biggest thing in the universe? It sounds like a child's question but scientists have been searching for an answer for over thirty years. Now a team led by Dr Roger Clowes from the University of Central Lancashire believe they have found it. The largest thing in the universe may be a group of seventy-three quasars.

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Assisted-Living Home

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英语世界 2024年第6期 127-128页

作者： john o'Reilly

In the future those who are taking care of old or sick people may get help from the house *** the last few years, new technology, such as the Internet, Wi-Fi and flat TV screens, has changed our homes and the way we live. Now, another technology revolution is happening. A new project at the University of Hertfordshire wants to create a home that supervises people living in it who are weak or elderly.

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Transformer for the Design of Automatic Control Systems with Prefilters

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第3期12卷 575-586页

作者： Isaac Hughes john F. o’Brien Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Wyoming Laramie USA

A machine learning model, using the transformer architecture, is used to design a feedback compensator and prefilter for various simulated plants. The output of the transformer is a sequence of compensator and prefilter parameters. The compensator and prefilter are linear models, preserving the ability to analyze the system with linear control theory. The input to the network is a window of recent reference and output samples. The goal of the transformer is to minimize tracking error at each time step. The plants under consideration range from simple to challenging. The more difficult plants contain closely spaced, lightly damped, complex conjugate pairs of poles and zeros. Results are compared to PID controllers tuned for a similar crossover frequency and optimal phase margin. For simple plants, the transformer converges to solutions which overly rely on the prefilter, neglecting the maximization of negative feedback. For more complex plants, the transformer designs a compensator and prefilter with more desirable qualities. In all cases, the transformer can start with random model parameters and modify them to minimize tracking error on the step reference.

关键词： Feedback Machine Learning Compensator Design

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Human-artificial intelligence interaction in gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第3期16卷 126-135页

作者： john R Campion Donal B o'Connor Conor Lahiff Department of Gastroenterology Mater Misericordiae University HospitalDublin D07 AX57Ireland School of Medicine University College DublinDublin D04 C7X2Ireland Department of Surgery Trinity College DublinDublin D02 R590Ireland

The number and variety of applications of artificial intelligence(AI)in gastr-ointestinal(GI)endoscopy is growing *** technologies based on machine learning(ML)and convolutional neural networks(CNNs)are at various stages of development and deployment to assist patients and endoscopists in preparing for endoscopic procedures,in detection,diagnosis and classification of pathology during endoscopy and in confirmation of key performance *** based on ML and CNNs require regulatory approval as medical *** between humans and the technologies we use are complex and are influenced by design,behavioural and psychological *** to the substantial differences between AI and prior technologies,important differences may be expected in how we interact with advice from AI ***-AI interaction(HAII)may be optimised by developing AI algorithms to minimise false positives and designing platform interfaces to maximise *** factors influencing HAII may include automation bias,alarm fatigue,algorithm aversion,learning effect and *** of these areas merits further study in the specific setting of AI applications in GI endoscopy and professional societies should engage to ensure that sufficient emphasis is placed on human-centred design in development of new AI technologies.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Human factors Computer-aided detection Colonoscopy Adenoma detection rate

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Study of hybrid nanofluid flow in a stationary cone-disk system with temperature-dependent fluid properties

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 677-694页

作者： A.S.john B.MAHANTHESH G.LoRENZINI Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Karnataka 560029India School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyTexas 78539U.S.A. Department of Engineering and Architecture University of ParmaParma 43124Italy

Cone-disk systems find frequent use such as conical diffusers,medical devices,various rheometric,and viscosimetry *** this study,we investigate the three-dimensional flow of a water-based Ag-Mg o hybrid nanofluid in a static cone-disk system while considering temperature-dependent fluid *** the variable fluid properties affect the dynamics and heat transfer features is studied by Reynolds's linearized model for variable viscosity and Chiam's model for variable thermal *** single-phase nanofluid model is utilized to describe convective heat transfer in hybrid nanofluids,incorporating the experimental *** model is developed as a coupled system of convective-diffusion equations,encompassing the conservation of momentum and the conservation of thermal energy,in conjunction with an incompressibility condition.A self-similar model is developed by the Lie-group scaling transformations,and the subsequent self-similar equations are then solved *** influence of variable fluid parameters on both swirling and non-swirling flow cases is ***,the Nusselt number for the disk surface is *** is found that an increase in the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter enhances heat transfer characteristics in the static cone-disk system,while the thermal conductivity parameter has the opposite effect.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid cone-disk system laminar flow variable fluid property Nusselt number

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Mutations of voltage-gated sodium channel contribute to pyrethroid resistance in Panonychus citri

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 803-816页

作者： Deng Pan Qiu-Juan Luo Andrias o.o'Reilly Guo-Rui Yuan Jin-Jun Wang Wei Dou Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering College of Plant ProtectionAcademy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River(Ministry of Education) Academy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK

Insecticide resistance in Panonychus citri is a major obstacle to mite control in citrus *** insecticides are continually used to control mites in China,although resistance to pyrethroids has evolved in some ***,the resistance to the pyrethroid fenpropathrin was investigated and 7 out of 8 field-collected populations of P citri exhibited a high level of resistance,ranging from 171-fold to 15391-fold higher than the susceptible(SS)comparison *** voltage-gated sodium channel(VGSC)mutations were identified in the tested populations:L1031V,F1747L,and *** sequencing was used to evaluate the frequency of these mutations in the 19 field populations.L1031V and F1751I were present in all populations at frequencies of 11.6%-82.1%and 0.5%-31.8%,respectively,whereas the F1747L mutation was only present in 12 populations from Chongqing,Sichuan,Guangxi,and Yunnan *** of these mutations singly or in combination into transgenic flies significantly increased their resistance to fenpropathrin and these flies also exhibited reduced mortality after exposure to the pyrethroids permethrin andβ-*** citri VGSC homology modeling and ligand docking indicate that F1747 and F1751 form direct binding contacts with pyrethroids,which are lost with mutation,whereas L1031 mutation may diminish pyrethroid effects through an allosteric ***,the results provide molecular markers for monitoring pest resistance to pyrethroids and offer new insights into the basis of pyrethroid actions on sodium channels.

关键词： amplicon sequencing kdr mutation molecular docking Panonychus citri pyrethroid resistance transgenic flies

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Helicobacter pylori:High dose amoxicillin does not improve primary or secondary eradication rates in an Irish cohort

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第16期12卷 2773-2779页

作者： Conor Costigan Aoife M o'Sullivan Jim o'Connell Shreyashee Sengupta Thomas Butler Stephen Molloy Fintan john o'Hara Barbara Ryan Niall Breslin Sarah o'Donnell Anthony o'Connor Sinead Smith Deirdre McNamara Trinity Academic Gastroenterology Group School of Medicine-Trinity College DublinDublin D2Ireland Department of Gastroenterology Tallaght University HospitalDublin D24 NR0AIreland

BACKGRoUND Helicobacter pylori(***)eradication rates have fallen globally,likely in large part due to increasing antibiotic resistance to traditional *** areas of high clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance such as ours,Maastricht VI guidelines suggest high dose amoxicillin dual therapy(HDADT)can be considered,subject to evidence for local *** this study we assess efficacy of HDADT therapy for *** eradication in an Irish *** To assess the efficacy of HDADT therapy for *** eradication in an Irish cohort as both first line,and subsequent therapy for patients diagnosed with *** All patients testing positive for *** in a tertiary centre were treated prospectively with HDADT(amoxicillin 1 g tid and esomeprazole 40 mg bid×14 d)over a period of 8 *** was confirmed with Urea Breath Test at least 4 wk after cessation of therapy.A delta-over-baseline>4%was considered *** demographics and treatment outcomes were recorded,analysed and controlled for basic demographics and prior *** *** one hundred and ninety-eight patients were identified with *** infection,10 patients were excluded due to penicillin allergy and 38 patients refused follow up *** all 139 were included in the analysis,55%(n=76)were female,mean age was 46.6 ***,93(67%)of patients were treatment-naïve and 46(33%)had received at least one previous course of *** groups were statistically ***-reported compliance with HDADT was 97%,mild side-effects occurred in 7%.There were no serious adverse drug *** the eradication rate for our cohort was 56%(78/139).Eradication rates were worse for those with previous treatment[43%(20/46)vs 62%(58/93),P=0.0458,odds ratio=2.15].Age and Gender had no effect on eradication *** overall eradication rates with HDADT were *** being a simple and possibly better tolerated regime,these results do not

关键词： Helicobacter pylori eradication Helicobacter pylori High dose amoxicillin High dose amoxicillin dual therapy Triple therapy

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Functional lumen imaging probe use in a high-volume practice:Practical and technical implications

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 396-405页

作者： Yan Jiang Raul Vazquez-Reyes Afrin Kamal Thomas Zikos George Triadafilopoulos john o Clarke Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineRedwoodCA 94063United States

BACKGRoUND The functional lumen imaging probe(FLIP)is a Food and Drug Administration approved tool to aid the diagnosis and management of esophageal ***,widespread adoption of FLIP remains limited and its utility in highvolume practices remains *** To analyze large sample data on clinical use of FLIP and provide insight on several technical aspects when performing *** We conducted a retrospective comparative and descriptive analysis of FLIP procedures performed by a single provider at an academic medical *** was a total of 398 FLIP procedures *** medical records were reviewed and data regarding demographics and procedural details were *** tests,including chi-squared,t-test,and multivariable logistic and linear regression,were *** There was an increase in FLIP cases with each successive time period of 13 months(n=68,146,184,respectively)with notable rises specifically for indications of dysphagia and gastroesophageal reflux *** was a shift toward use of the longer FLIP balloon catheter for diagnostic purposes(overall 70.4%vs 29.6%,Pormed in conjunction with other diagnostics/interventions,such as dilation and wireless pH probe *** were nearly equally performed with anesthesia vs moderate sedation(51.4%anesthesia),with no major *** who had anesthesia were less likely to have recurrent antegrade contractions[odds ratio(oR)=0.4,95%CI:0.3-0.8]and were also more likely to have absent contractility(oR=2.4,95%CI:1.3-CoNCLUSIoN FLIP cases have increased in our practice with expanding indications for its *** limited normative data,providers should be aware of several potential technical issues,including the possible impact of sedation choice when assessing esophageal motility patterns.

关键词： Gastroenterology Endoscopy Functional lumen imaging probe Esophagus Motility

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Determinants and outcomes of Pregnancies among Booked versus Unbooked Patients in a Tertiary Hospital South East, Nigeria

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open Journal of obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 144-161页

作者： Chijioke S. Anyigor-ogah john o. Egede Chijioke o. ogeh Chika C. Agunanne Alphosus I. ozioko Chinyere C. Duru Department of Family Medicine Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria

Background: Inadequate antenatal care, both in coverage and standard, has been linked with poor pregnancy outcomes. In a resource poor setting, home delivery is considered very cheap, but the possible outcome of such pregnancies has been a subject of interest. This study evaluated the association of booking status with pregnancy outcomes. objectives: To examine the factors that influence booking and impact of the booking status on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective cohort study of 240 (120 booked and 120 un-booked) pregnant mothers selected through systematic random sampling. The study was carried out at the Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria. Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression were used for analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.39 ± 5.05 years and 29.05 ± 6.36 years respectively for the booked and unbooked. Marital status (oR = 6.35, 95% CI = 1.24 - 32.59), educational status (oR = 36.40, 95% CI = 5.26-152.83), place of residence (oR = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.06 - 0.41), partner’s support (oR = 0.05, 95% CI = 0.01 - 0.37), family support (oR = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01 - 0.13), mode of delivery (oR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.12 - 0.46), APGAR score in first minute (oR = 6.02, 95% CI = 2.45 - 14.83) and NBICU admission (oR = 3.75, 95% CI = 1.67 - 8.43) were associated with booked status. However, being unmarried, nulliparity/grandmultiparity, low level of education, blue colar jobs, low income, rural dwelling and poor partner and poor family support were associated with the unbooked. The booked parturients had a better perinatal outcome compared the unbooked. Conclusion/Recommendation: There was high prevalence of operative deliveries, perinatal morbidity and mortality among the unbooked mothers. Girl child education, employment and poverty alleviation would improve antenatal care utilization.

关键词： Socio-Demographic Characteristics Booking Status Antenatal Delivery

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