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X-ray detection of ingested non-metallic foreign bodies

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2014年第2期3卷 14-18页

作者： miguel Saps john m rosen Jacob Ecanow Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionAnn and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoNorthwestern Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611-2605United States Department of Radiology Northshore University Health System University of Chicago Pritzker School of medicine ChicagoIL 60611-2605United States

AIm: To determine the utility of X-ray in identifying non-metallic foreign body(FB) and assess inter-radiologist agreement in identifying non-metal FB. mETHODS: Focus groups of nurses, fellows, and attending physicians were conducted to determine commonly ingested objects suitable for inclusion. Twelve potentially ingested objects(clay, plastic bead, crayon, plastic ring, plastic army figure, glass bead, paperclip, drywall anchor, eraser, Lego?, plastic triangle toy, and barrette) were embedded in a gelatin slab placed on top of a water-equivalent phantom to simulate density of a child's abdomen. The items were selected due to wide availability and appropriate size for accidental pediatric ingestion. Plain radiography of the embedded FBs was obtained. Five experienced radiologists blinded to number and types of objects were asked to identify the FBs. The radiologist was first asked to count thenumber of items that were visible then to identify the shape of each item and describe it to a study investigator who recorded all responses. Overall inter-rater reliability was analyzed using percent agreement and κ coefficient. We calculated P value to assess the probability of error involved in accepting the κ ***: Fourteen objects were radiographed including 12 original objects and 2 duplicates. The model's validity was supported by clear identification of a radiolucent paperclip as a positive control, and lack of identification of plastic beads(negative control) despite repeated inclusion. Each radiologist identified 7-9 of the 14 objects(mean 8, 67%). Six unique objects(50%) were identified by all radiologists and four unique objects(33%) were not identified by any radiologist(plastic bead, LegoTm, plastic triangle toy, and barrette). Identification of objects that were not present, false-positives, occurred 1-2 times per radiologist(mean 1.4). An additional 17% of unique objects were identified by less than half of the radiologists. Agreement between radiologi

关键词： Foreign bodies X-rays Pediatrics Radiographic phantom Diagnostic imaging

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Visceral hypersensitivity and electromechanical dysfunction as therapeutic targets in pediatric functional dyspepsia

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2014年第3期5卷 122-138页

作者： john m rosen Jose T Cocjin Jennifer V Schurman Jennifer m Colombo Craig A Friesen Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Children’s Mercy Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64108United States

Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGID) are common clinical syndromes diagnosed in the absence of biochemical,structural,or metabolic abnormalities. They account for significant morbidity and health care expenditures and are identifiable across variable age,geography,and culture. Etiology of abdominal pain associated FGIDs,including functional dyspepsia(FD),remains incompletely understood,but growing evidence implicates the importance of visceral hypersensitivity and electromechanical dysfunction. This manuscript explores data supporting the role of visceral hypersensitivity and electromechanical dysfunction in FD,with focus on pediatric data when available,and provides a summary of potential therapeutic targets.

关键词： motility Visceral hypersensitivity Functional dyspepsia

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The role of undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells in peripheral nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第5期13卷 757-763页

作者： Rui Zhang Joseph m.rosen Dartmouth Geisel School of medicine Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

Peripheral nerve injuries impose significant health and economic consequences, yet no surgical repair can deliver a complete recovery of sensory or motor function. Traditional methods of repair are less than ideal： direct coaptation can only be performed when tension-free repair is possible, and transplantation of nerve autograft can cause donor-site morbidity and neuroma formation. Cell-based therapy delivered via nerve conduits has thus been explored as an alternative method of nerve repair in recent years. Stem cells are promising sources of the regenerative core material in a nerve conduit because stem cells are multipotent in function, abundant in supply, and more accessible than the myelinating Schwann cells. Among different types of stem cells, undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cell（uASC）, which can be processed from adipose tissue in less than two hours, is a promising yet underexplored cell type. Studies of uASC have emerged in the past decade and have shown that autologous uASCs are non-immunogenic, easy to access, abundant in supply, and efficacious at promoting nerve regeneration. Two theories have been proposed as the primary regenerative mechanisms of uASC： in situ trans-differentiation towards Schwann cells, and secretion of trophic and anti-inflammatory factors. Future studies need to fully elucidate the mechanisms, side effects, and efficacy of uASC-based nerve regeneration so that uASCs can be utilized in clinical settings.

关键词： peripheral nerve injury adipose-derived stem cells Schwann cells cell therapy nerve conduits axonal regeneration stem cell differentiation neurotrophic factors anti-apoptosis immunosuppression

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A note on circle packing

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2012年第8期13卷 559-564页

作者： Young Joon AHN Christoph m. HOFFmANN Paul rosen Department of mathematics Education Chosun University Gwangju 501-759 Korea Department of Computer Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA

The problem of packing circles into a domain of prescribed topology is considered. The circles need not have equal radii. The Collins-Stephenson algorithm computes such a circle packing. This algorithm is parmlelized in two different ways and its performance is reported for a triangular, planar domain test case. The implementation uses the highly parallel graphics processing unit （GPU） on commodity hardware. The speedups so achieved are discussed based on a number of experiments.

关键词： Circle packing Algorithm performance Parallel computation Graphics processing unit (GPU)

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BRCA mutated pancreatic cancer:A change is coming

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第17期27卷 1943-1958页

作者： michael N rosen Rachel A Goodwin michael m Vickers Faculty of medicine The University of OttawaOttawa K1H 8L6OntarioCanada The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center The University of OttawaOttawa K1H 8L6OntarioCanada

Pancreatic cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death with few available therapies for advanced ***,patients with germline BRCA mutations have received increased attention due to advances in the management of BRCA mutated ovarian and breast *** BRCA mutations significantly increase risk of developing pancreatic cancer and can be found in up to 8%of patients with sporadic pancreatic *** patients with germline BRCA mutations,platinum-based chemotherapies and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors are effective treatment options which may offer survival *** review will focus on the molecular biology,epidemiology,and management of BRCA-mutated pancreatic ***-more,we will discuss future directions for this area of research and promising active areas of research.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Systemic therapy Platinum chemotherapy BRCA Deoxyribonucleic acid repair Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors

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Finding stable multi-component materials by combining cluster expansion and crystal structure predictions

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npj Computational materials 2023年第1期9卷 2137-2146页

作者： Adam Carlsson Johanna rosen martin Dahlqvist materials Design Department of PhysicsChemistryand Biology(IFM)Linköping UniversitySE-58183 LinköpingSweden

A desired prerequisite when performing a quantum mechanical calculation is to have an initial idea of the atomic positions within an approximate crystal *** atomic positions combined should result in a system located in,or close to,an energy ***,designing low-energy structures may be a challenging task when prior knowledge is scarce,specifically for large multi-component systems where the degrees of freedom are close to *** this paper,we propose a method for identification of low-energy crystal structures within multi-component systems by combining cluster expansion and crystal structure predictions with density-functional theory *** structure prediction searches are applied to the mo_(2)AlB_(2) and Sc2AlB_(2) ternary systems to identify candidate structures,which are subsequently used to explore the quaternary(pseudo-binary)(mo_(x)Sc_(1–x))2AlB_(2) system through the cluster expansion formalism utilizing the ground-state search ***,we show that utilizing low-energy structures found within the cluster expansion ground-state search as seed structures within crystal structure predictions of(mo_(x)Sc_(1–x))2AlB_(2) can significantly reduce the computational *** this combined approach,we not only correctly identified the recently discovered mo_(4/3)Sc_(2/3)AlB_(2) i-mAB phase,comprised of in-plane chemical ordering of mo and Sc and with Al in a Kagomélattice,but also predict additional low-energy structures at various *** result demonstrates that combining crystal structure prediction with cluster expansion provides a path for identifying low-energy crystal structures in multi-component systems by employing the strengths from both frameworks.

关键词： structure cluster crystal

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Green's function solution for transient heat conduction in annular fin during solidification of phase change material

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第10期33卷 1265-1274页

作者： A.H.mOSAFFA F.TALATI m.A.rosen H.BASIRAT-TABRIZI Faculty of mechanical Engineering University of Tabriz Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science University of Ontario Institute of TechnologyL1H 7K4 OshawaOntarioCanada Department of mechanical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology

The Green＇s function method is applied for the transient temperature of an annular fin when a phase change material （PCm） solidifies on it. The solidification of the PCms takes place in a cylindrical shell storage. The thickness of the solid PCm on the fin varies with time and is obtained by the megerlin method. The models are found with the Bessel equation to form an analytical solution. Three different kinds of boundary conditions are investigated. The comparison between analytical and numerical solutions is given. The results demonstrate that the significant accuracy is obtained for the temperature distribution for the fin in all cases.

关键词： annular fin analytical solution Green's function phase change material(PCm) solidification thermal energy storage

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Human-tiger conflict:A review and call for comprehensive plans

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 300-312页

作者： john m.GOODRICH Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkNYUSA

Human-tiger(Panthera tigris Linnaeus,1758)conflicts(HTC),manifested primarily as attacks on people and domestic animals,exacerbate at least 2 major threats to tigers:(i)conflicts often result in mortality or removal of tigers from the wild;and(ii)they result in negative attitudes towards tigers by local people,thereby reducing support for tiger *** HTC has decreased over the past century,it will likely increase if current and proposed conservation initiatives to double tiger populations are *** HTC could undermine successful conservation initiatives if proactive steps are not taken to reduce *** present paper provides a review of the impacts of HTC and the measures taken to reduce it in ways that reduce negative impacts on both humans and tigers,and stresses the need for development and implementation of comprehensive plans to reduce HTC.

关键词： carnivore depredation human-tiger conflict Panthera tigris tiger

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Fusion of bone marrow-derived cells with cancer cells: metastasis as a secondary disease in cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第3期33卷 133-139页

作者： john m.Pawelek Department of Dermatology and the Yale Cancer Center Yale University School of Medicine

This perspective article highlights the leukocyte-cancer cell hybrid theory as a mechanism for cancer metastasis. Beginning from the first proposal of the theory more than a century ago and continuing today with the first proof for this theory in a human cancer, the hybrid theory offers a unifying explanation for metastasis. In this scenario, leukocyte fusion with a cancer cell is a secondary disease superimposed upon the early tumor, giving birth to a new, malignant cell with a leukocyte-cancer cell hybrid epigenome.

关键词： Bone marrow-derived cell-cancer cell hybrids metastasis cell fusion

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The European registry of quality outcomes for cataract and refractive surgery(EUREQUO):a database study of trends in volumes,surgical techniques and outcomes of refractive surgery

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Eye and Vision 2015年第1期2卷 76-84页

作者： mats Lundström Sonia manning Peter Barry Ulf Stenevi Ype Henry Paul rosen Department of Clinical Sciences OphthalmologyFaculty of MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden Department of Ophthalmology Mater Misericordiae University HospitalDublinIreland Department of Ophthalmology St.Vincent’s University HospitalDublinIreland Department of Ophthalmology Sahlgren’s University HospitalMolndalSweden Department of Ophthalmology VumcAmsterdamThe Netherlands Oxford Eye Hospital OxfordUK.

Background:A European web-based registry for refractive surgery was established in 2008;The European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery(EUREQUO).The aim of the registry was to improve treatment and standards of care for refractive *** aims were to offer a tool for benchmarking by establishing a reference database and for surgeons to enter and analyze their own *** purpose of this study was to characterize the registry and analyze the data collected during its first ***:The characteristics of the web-based registry are *** collected from February 4^(th) 2004 until June 30th 2014 are included in the *** database is analyzed in terms of surgical technique,indications for surgery,complications,and refractive and visual ***:Data have been reported from 47 centers in 14 countries until *** 4,000 procedures were reported *** most frequent procedure was laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis(LASIK)with 11697 reported *** time in the database,LASIK declined(pmy(PRK)and refractive lens exchange(RLE)increased(pms of preoperative refraction and age,were stable over time,for all types of *** complications were reported infrequently and with a well-known relationship to the type of surgical *** reported refractive outcomes were *** visual outcomes indicate a significant increase of visual acuity after high myopia treatment by phakic intraocular lens in the anterior(phakic IOL AC)and the posterior(phakic IOL PC)chamber and a poorer visual outcome,after both myopia and hyperopia treatment,by epithelial LASIK(Epi-LASIK).Conclusions:We describe the establishment of a European registry for refractive *** database increases at a rate of approximately 4000 refractive procedures per *** most frequent procedure is LASIK,but

关键词： Refractive surgery Registry European database Outcomes

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