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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第8期 45-45页

作者： Voets N.l. Adcock J.E. Flitney D.E. 赵天智 FMRIB Centre John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU United Kingdom

Right hemisphere activation during functional imaging studies of language has frequently been reported following left hemisphere injury. Few studies have anatomically characterized the specific right hemisphere structures engaged. We used functional MRI (fMRI) with verbal fluency tasks in 12 right- handed patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy (lTlE)and 12 right- handed healthy controls to localize language- related activity in the right inferior frontal gyrus (RIFG). During the phonemic task, lTlE patients activated a significantly more posterior region of the right anterior insula/frontal operculum than healthy controls (P = 0.02). Activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus (lIFG) did not differ significantly between the two groups. This suggests that, following left hemisphere injury, language- related processing in the right hemisphere differs from that with a functionally normal left hemisphere. The localization of activation in the left and right inferior frontal gyri was determined with respect to the anatomical sub- regions pars opercularis (Pop), pars triangularis (Ptr) and pars orbitalis (Por). In the lIFG, both healthy controls (8 out of 12) and lTlE patients (9 out of 12) engaged primarily Pop during phonemic fluency. Activations in the RIFG, however, were located mostly in the anterior insula/frontal operculum in both healthy controls (8 out of 12) and lTlE patients (8 out of 12), albeit in distinct regions. Mapping the locations of peak voxels in relation to previously obtained cytoarchitectonic maps of Broca’s area confirmed lack of homology between activation regions in the left and right IFG. Verbal fluency- related activation in the RIFG was not anatomically homologous to lIFG activation in either patients or controls. To test more directly whether RIFG activation shifts in a potentially adaptive manner after left hemisphere injury, fMRI studies were performed in a patient prior to and following anatomical left hemispherectomy for the treatme

关键词：大脑半球切除术损伤后左半球额叶大脑皮质

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人类生命早期暴露组(HElIX)：项目理念与设计(续完)

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环境与职业医学 2015年第2期32卷 186-190页

作者： Martine Vrijheid Rémy Slama Oliver Robinson leda Chatzi Muireann Coen Peter van den Hazel Cathrine Thomsen john Wright Toby J.Athersuch Narcis Avellana Xavier Basagana Celine Brochot luca Bucchini Mariona Bustamante Angel Carracedo Maribel Casas Xavier Estivill lesley Fairley Diana van Gent Juan R.Gonzalez Berit Granum Regina Grazuleviiene Kristine B.Gutzkow Jordi Julvez Hector C.Keun Manolis Kogevinas Rosemary R.C.McEachan Helle Margrete Meltzer Eduard Sabidó Per E.Schwarze Valérie Siroux Jordi Sunyer Elizabeth J.Want Florence Zeman Mark J.Nieuwenhuijsen 何蓉操仪汪源金泰廙 Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology(CREAl) Universitat Pompeu Fabra(UPF) CIBER Epidemiologíay Salud Pública(CIBERESP) Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale(INSERM) Institut Albert Bonniot(U823) University of Crete(UOC) HeraklionCreteGreece Imperial College london(ICl) Veiligheids-en Gezondheidsregio Gelderland Midden(VGGM) Norwegian Institute of Public Health(NIPH) Bradford Institute for Health Research Sensing & Control Systems S.l.(S&C) Institut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques(INERIS) Unit of Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology Hylobates Consulting S.R.l.(HYlO) RomeItaly Centre for Genomic Regulation(CRG) IMIM Hospital del Mar Research Insititute Grupo de Medicina Xenomica Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xeómica(SERGAS)CIBERERCEGENUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahKingdom of Saudi Arabia Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas(VDU) KaunusLithuania Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust(BTHFT)

3．2研究2：室外暴露传统h基于居住区评估的暴露，如室外空气污染、噪声、建筑环境，可以通过收集时间一空间活动以及（就空气污染而言）个人吸入空气量的信息，改善暴露评估和减小测量误差。例如，可替代吸入率（Kawahara等，2011）的... 详细信息

3．2研究2：室外暴露传统h基于居住区评估的暴露，如室外空气污染、噪声、建筑环境，可以通过收集时间一空间活动以及（就空气污染而言）个人吸入空气量的信息，改善暴露评估和减小测量误差。例如，可替代吸入率（Kawahara等，2011）的体力活动方面的信息与个人空气污染测量结合来评估吸入剂量。基于暴露评估的新一代地理信息系统（GIS）（Beelen等，2013;Eeflens等，2012）、遥感（Dadvand等，2012）和智能手机技术（deNazelle等，2013）使评估室外暴露和整合个人活动范围及体力活动数据变得更容易。

关键词：早期暴露人类生命地理信息系统设计空气污染测量误差体力活动建筑环境

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颅内出血患者抗栓药逆转指南美国神经重症监护学会和美国重症医学会对医疗卫生专业人员的声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2016年第11期24卷 961-985页

作者： Jennifer A. Frontera john J. lewin Ⅲ Alejandro A. Rabinstein Imo P. Aisiku Anne W. Alexandrov Aaron M. Cook Gregory J. del Zoppo Monisha A. Kumar Ellinor I. B. Peerschke Michael F. Stiefel Jeanne S Teitelbaum Katja E. Wartenberg Cindy l. Zerfoss 杨一萍谢丽丽宁小金季宇腾柯开富 From the Cerebrovascular Center Neurological Institute Cleveland Clinic and Case Western Reserve University 9500 Euclid Ave. S80 Cleveland OH44195 USA The Departments of Pharmacy and Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine The Johns Hopkins Hospital and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA The Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA USA The University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science (UK College of Pharmacy) University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA The Departments of Medicine (Hematology) and Neurology University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle WA USA The Departments of Neurology Neurosurgery Anesthesiology & Critical Care Perelman School of Medicine Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA The Department of laboratory Medicine and Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Comell Medical School New York NY USA The Department of Neurosurgery Westchester Medical Center New York Medical College Valhalla NY USA Hepital du Sacre-Coeur and University of Montreal and Montreal Neurological Institute and McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada Klinik fur Neurologie Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg Halle Germany The Neuroscience and Neurosurgery Departments Centra Lynchburg General Hospital Lvnchburg VA. USA 南通大学附属医院神经内科 226001

背景抗栓药的使用，包括抗凝药、抗血小板药和溶栓药，在过去10年中日益增多并且预计将继续上升。虽然抗栓药相关性颅内出血可能是灾难性的，但快速逆转凝血功能障碍可能有助于限制血肿增大和改善转归。方法美国神经重症监护学会联合美... 详细信息

背景抗栓药的使用，包括抗凝药、抗血小板药和溶栓药，在过去10年中日益增多并且预计将继续上升。虽然抗栓药相关性颅内出血可能是灾难性的，但快速逆转凝血功能障碍可能有助于限制血肿增大和改善转归。方法美国神经重症监护学会联合美国重症医学会组建了一个国际性多机构委员会，涉及的专业领域包括神经重症监护、神经内科、神经外科、卒中、血液学、血液病理学、急诊医学、药学、护理和指南制定，目的是进行文献评价并制定一份循证实践指南。该委员会进行了正式的文献检索，并对符合标准的研究进行了评价。结果利用GRADE方法学，委员会提出了在颅内出血情况下逆转维生素K拮抗药、直接Xa因子拮抗药、直接凝血酶抑制药、普通肝素、低分子肝素、类肝素、戊多糖、溶栓药和抗血小板药的推荐意见。结论该指南提供了及时和循证的抗栓药逆转策略以协助临床医生治疗抗栓药相关性颅内出血。

关键词：抗凝药抗血小板药抗栓药颅内出血脑出血脑实质出血蛛网膜下腔出血硬膜下出血逆转解药维生素K拮抗药华法林香豆素直接凝血酶抑制药达比加群 Xa因子抑制药阿哌沙班利伐沙班依杜沙班低分子肝素肝素类肝素戊多糖磺达肝素 TPA rtPA 阿替普酶溶栓药纤溶酶原激活物阿司匹林氯吡格雷凝血酶原复合物新鲜冰冻血浆重组因子Ⅶa 鱼精蛋白血小板去氨加压素冷沉淀指南 GRADE标准

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系统综述与网状Meta分析的PRISMA扩展声明

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中国循证心血管医学杂志 2016年第6期8卷 656-660,665页

作者：李志霞杨俊叶欣周凌波杨智荣孙凤詹思延 Brian Hutton Georgia Salanti Deborah M.Caldwell Anna Chaimani Christopher H.Schmid Chris Cameron john P.A.Ioannidis Sharon Straus Kristian Thorlund Jeroen P.Jansen Cynthia Mulrow Ferrán Catalá-lópez Peter C.Gozsche Kay Dickersin Isabelle Boutron Douglas G.Altman David Moher 北京大学公共卫生学院北京100191 剑桥大学初级医疗中心

PRISMA声明旨在提高系统综述和META分析报告的完整性,该声明已经广泛用于指导系统综述和META分析的报告和发表。原始的PRISMA声明是针对两种干预措施比较的传统的系统综述与META分析而制定的,然而,随着多种干预措施比较的系统综述的发展... 详细信息

PRISMA声明旨在提高系统综述和META分析报告的完整性,该声明已经广泛用于指导系统综述和META分析的报告和发表。原始的PRISMA声明是针对两种干预措施比较的传统的系统综述与META分析而制定的,然而,随着多种干预措施比较的系统综述的发展,实施和报告这一类系统综述面临较大挑战。此时,针对网状META分析的PRISMA扩展声明应运而生,旨在提高网状META分析系统综述的报告质量。PRISMA扩展声明是由专家们通过DElPHI调查、面对面讨论和共识大会而最终确立的。PRISMA扩展声明是在原始PRISMA声明的报告清单的基础上经过修改,最终确定了32个条目,每个条目均与网状META分析报告的内容直接相关。本文对网状META分析的PRISMA扩展声明进行了阐述,对报告清单各条目进行了举例说明,并详细说明了在原始PRISMA声明的基础上新增和修改各条目的理由。此外,PRISMA扩展声明强调了在网状META分析的实际操作中需要重点关注的信息。本文的目标读者包括网状META分析的作者与读者,以及期刊杂志的编辑与同行评审。

关键词：系统综述 Meta分析网状 META分析 DElPHI 报告质量期刊杂志条目

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阿达木单抗成功治疗严重型银屑病和银屑病关节炎

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 28-28页

作者： Chew A.-l. Bennett A. Smith C.H. J.Barker 田中伟 Skin Therapy Research Unit St. John's Institute of Dermatology St. Thomas'Hospital London SE1 7EH United Kingdom Prof.

Adalimumab, a fully human-derived recombinant monoclonal antibody against tumour necrosis factor-α, has been shown to be effective for the treatment of patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis. We report two patients with long-standing recalcitrant psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis who, after multiple treatment failures with conventional and experimental antipsoriatic medications, both responded to treatment with adalimumab. Significant clinical improvement was noted in both skin and joint disease in the two patients after several weeks of treatment with adalimumab. We are unaware of previous published reports of adalimumab therapy in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.

关键词：银屑病关节炎严重型达木抗银屑病药物肿瘤坏死因子人源性单克隆抗体关节症状

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对晚期慢性心力衰竭患者行心脏再同步化治疗致NYHA分级改善的临床预测因素和时机:多中心InSync随机临床评价(MIRAClE)和多中心InSyncICD随机临床评价(MIRAClE-ICD)试验的结果

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第9期2卷 13-13页

作者： Pires l.A. Abraham W.T. Young J.B. johnson K.M. 刘少伟 Heart Rhythm Center St.John Hospital and Medical Center22101 Moross RdDetroitMI 48236United StatesDr

Background: Based on current patient selection criteria, a significant proportion of recipients of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT) do not respond to treatment. The purpose of this analysis is to identify predictors and characterize the timing of response to CRT in patients with advanced heart failure. Methods: Patients randomized to receive CRT in the MIRAClE and MIRAClE-ICD trials, designed to assess the benefit of CRT compared with standard medical therapy in patients with advanced heart failure, left ventricular ejection fractionlliseconds, were included for this analysis. Patients with an improvement of ≥1 New York Heart Association(NYHA)class from baseline to the 6-month follow-up were considered responders and those who had no change or worse NYHA class or died were classified as nonresponders. Responders were subdivided into early(within 1-3 months) and late(6 months). Results: One hundred forty-three(64%) of 224 and 190(61%) of 313 patients in the MIRAClE and MIRAClEICD trials, respectively, responded to therapy, with 81(57%) of 143 and 100(53%) of 190 responding early. Several but differing factors predicted CRT response and timing in the two trials with a high sensitivity(89%-90%) but, owing to a low specificity(31%-49%), a modest predictive accuracy(66%-75%). Conclusions: Based on improvement of ≥1 NYHA class, less than two thirds of patients enrolled in the MIRAClE or MIRAClE-ICD trials responded to CRT, with just more than half responding within the first month. Several factors predicted CRT response and timing, but given their modest predictive accuracy, comparable for both studies, additional methods for selecting candidates most likely to benefit from CRT are needed.

关键词：心脏再同步化治疗慢性心力衰竭患者 NYHA分级晚期心力衰竭预测因素 InSync 随机分配 D试验

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透皮东莨菪碱贴剂联合昂丹司琼对比单独应用昂丹司琼用于预防门诊手术后恶心呕吐的一项随机双盲多中心研究

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第5期6卷 34-40页

作者： Tong J. Gan, MD Ashish C. Sinha, MD, PhD Anthony l. Kovac, MD R. Kevin Jones, MD, CPI Stephen A.Cohen,MD,MBA Jean P. Battildaa, MS Jonathan S. Deutsch, MD Joseph V. Pergolizzi, Jr., MD] TDS Study Group 王琦(译) 李文志(校) Department of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania ＊University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City Kansas Accurate Clinical Trials Inc./Saddleback Memorial Medical Center Laguna Hills California Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts Baxter Healthcare Corporation New Providence New Jersey Departrnent of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland The TDS Study Group consists of the following members: Gregory H. Adkisson (St. Agnes Healthcare Inc. Baltimore MD St. Agnes Healthcare Inc. Clinical Research Center Baltimore MD) I(eith Candiotti(University of Miami School of Medidne Jackson Health Systems Miami FL) Stephen & Cohen(Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston MA) Nell R. Connelly(Baystate Medical Center Springfield MA) Patricia L. Dalby(Magee Women's Hospital of UPMC Pittsburgh PA) Robert D'Angelo(Forsyth Medical Center Winston-Salem NC) Albert R. Davis(Loyola University Medical Center Chicago IL) David 1L Drover (Stanford Hospital and Clinics Stanford CA) Tong J. Gan Fernando Altermatt Dianne Scott(Duke University Medical Center Durham NC Duke Health Raleigh Hospital Raleigh NC and Duke Center for Aesthetic Services Durham NC) Joseph S. Gimbel(AZ Research Center John C. Lincoln Hospital North Mountain and John C. Lincoln Hospital Deer Valley Phoenix AZ)R.Kevin Jones (Saddleback Memorial Medical Center Laguna Hills CA) Anthony L. Kovac(University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City Kansas KS) John B. Leslie(Mayo Clinic Hospital Phoenix AZ) Roberta McI(inney Jr. (Trinity Clinic North Park Mother Frances Hospital and Tyler Square Tyler TX) Tricia A. Meyer ( Scott and White Hospital Temple TX ) Joseph Pergolizzi (Physicians Day Surgery Center Naples FL) Beverly tC Philip (Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA) Martin I. Redmond(State University of New York at Stony Brook Ambulatory Surgica

背景手术后恶心、呕吐（PONV）是门诊手术常见的并发症。本试验目的是观察透皮东莨菪碱贴剂（TDS）联合静脉注射昂丹司琼（OND）对门诊患者PONV的疗效是否优于单独应用昂丹司琼。方法此项随机双盲多中心的临床试验纳入了620例接受门诊... 详细信息

背景手术后恶心、呕吐（PONV）是门诊手术常见的并发症。本试验目的是观察透皮东莨菪碱贴剂（TDS）联合静脉注射昂丹司琼（OND）对门诊患者PONV的疗效是否优于单独应用昂丹司琼。方法此项随机双盲多中心的临床试验纳入了620例接受门诊腹腔镜或隆胸手术的PONV高危女性患者，进入手术室前2小时分别给患者贴上TDS贴剂或外观相同的空白贴剂。在全麻诱导前2—5分钟给所有患者静脉注射OND4mg。手术后24~48小时评估止吐是否完善（彻底止吐标准为无呕吐或干呕，且没有追加止吐药）。同时记录发生呕吐、干呕、恶心以及追加止吐药的患者比例，记录手术后首次发生PONV的时间及离院时间，记录呕吐、干呕、恶心的发作次数与严重程度及患者对于止吐治疗的满意度。结果TDS＋OND组与OND组相比，手术后24小时恶心、呕吐的发生率显著降低，但手术后48小时两者差异无显著性。TDS＋OND组没有呕吐、干呕且未追加过止吐药的患者占48％，而OND组占39％（P〈0．02）。TDS＋OND组的彻底止吐（无恶心、呕吐或干呕，且未追加止吐药）率显著高于OND组（分别为35％和25％，P〈0．01）。TDS＋OND组手术后首次发生恶心、呕吐、干呕及追加止吐药的时间明显晚于OND组（P〈0．05）。前者不良反应的总发生率也低于后者（分别为36．7％和49％，P〈0．01）。结论与单独应用OND相比。TDS＋OND能更大程度地减少PONV，主要是通过减少不良反应而获得。

关键词：手术后恶心呕吐东莨菪碱贴剂多中心研究昂丹司琼门诊手术随机双盲应用单独

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Automated control and optimization of laser-driven ion acceleration

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高功率激光科学与工程:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 32-40页

作者： B.loughran M.J.V.Streeter H.Ahmed S.Astbury M.Balcazar M.Borghesi N.Bourgeois C.B.Curry S.J.D.Dann S.DiIorio N.P.Dover T.Dzelzainis O.C.Ettlinger M.Gauthier l.Giuffrida G.D.Glenn S.H.Glenzer J.S.Green R.J.Gray G.S.Hicks C.Hyland V.Istokskaia M.King D.Margarone O.McCusker P.McKenna Z.Najmudin C.Parisuaña P.Parsons C.Spindloe D.R.Symes A.G.R.Thomas F.Treffert N.Xu C.A.J.Palmer School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Central laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA SlAC National Accelerator laboratory Menlo ParkCAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada The john Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Imperial College LondonLondonUK ElI Beamlines Centre Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesDolníBˇrežanyCzech Republic Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Physics SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

The interaction of relativistically intense lasers with opaque targets represents a highly non-linear,multi-dimensional parameter *** limits the utility of sequential 1D scanning of experimental parameters for the optimization of secondary radiation,although to-date this has been the accepted methodology due to low data acquisition *** repetition-rate(HRR)lasers augmented by machine learning present a valuable opportunity for efficient source ***,an automated,HRR-compatible system produced high-fidelity parameter scans,revealing the influence of laser intensity on target pre-heating and proton generation.A closed-loop Bayesian optimization of maximum proton energy,through control of the laser wavefront and target position,produced proton beams with equivalent maximum energy to manually optimized laser pulses but using only 60%of the laser *** demonstration of automated optimization of laser-driven proton beams is a crucial step towards deeper physical insight and the construction of future radiation sources.

关键词： Bayesian optimization high repetition-rate laser-target interaction laser-driven particle acceleration proton generation

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星状玻璃体变性患者眼内3片式硅树脂人工晶体表面钙化:临床病理报道

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 54-54页

作者： Werner l. Kollarits C.R. Mamalis N. Olson R.J. 宋虎平 john A. Moran Eye Center University of Utah50 North Medical Drive Salt Lake City UT 84132 United States

Objective: To illustrate the laboratory findings in a patient with bilateral asteroid hyalosiswho presentedwith calcified deposits on a 3- piece silicone intraocular lens (IOl). Design: Observational case report. Methods: A 76- year- old diabetic woman underwent uneventful cataract surgery in 1994 with implantation of a silicone- optic polypropylene- haptic IOl in the left eye. A neodymium:yttrium- aluminum- garnet (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy was performed 2 years after cataract surgery, but persistent whitish deposits were observed on the posterior optic surface of the lens. Over the next 3 years, the opacification increased in the region corresponding to the capsulotomy. The IOl was explanted/exchanged. The right eye had cataract surgery in 1995. The acrylic lens implanted in this eye developed no opacities after 6 years. Main Outcome Measures: Gross, microscopic, and surface analyses of the explanted IOl. Results: Gross and light microscopic analyses revealed the presence of confluent crustlike deposits on the central area of the posterior optic surface, as well as Nd:YAG pits. Individual spherules exhibiting a Maltese- cross pattern under polarizing light were also observed. Energy dispersive x- ray spectroscopic analyses demonstrated the composition of the confluent deposits to be similar to hydroxyapatite. Conclusions: An association between asteroid hyalosis and dystrophic calcification of IOls has been reported only with silicone plate haptic designs. The material opacifying the 3- piece silicone lens probably was derived from the asteroid bodies or from the process that results in this vitreous condition. Clinical evaluation of other pseudophakic patients with asteroid hyalosis will confirm if this phenomenon is restricted to silicone IOls.

关键词：玻璃体变性人工晶体硅树脂片式白内障手术玻璃体星状变性白内障摘除光学面晶体植入晶体相

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由依诺肝素继发的湿疹样斑疹

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 43-43页

作者： White J.M.l. Munn S.E. Seet J.-E. 吴佳纹 Contact Clinic St. John' s Institute of Dermatology St. Thomas' Hospital Lambeth Palace Road London SE1 7EH United Kingdom

low-molecular-weight heparins are used extensively in acute medicine. They are generally well tolerated but may cause a rare, eczema-like type IV hypersensitivity reaction. We report 3 cases of this eruption and speculate that it may be significantly under-reported due to misidentifying the causal drug, which may have serious consequences. We discuss treatment alternatives such as fondaparinux sodium, which may rarely cross-react.

关键词：依诺肝素磺达肝素钠致病药物患者耐受性急诊治疗低分子肝素超敏反应交叉反应

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