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Reduced combustion time model.for methane in gas turbine fl.w fiel.s

Journal.of Natural.Gas Chemistry 2009年第2期18卷 145-155页

作者： Mouna l.mnaouer Robert C. Ryder Andreja Brankovic Eric l. petersen Graduate Research Assistant Mechanical Materials & Aerospace Engineering University of Central FloridaOrlando Fl 32816 USA President Engineering Flow ParametricsIvoryton CT USA Vice President Flow ParametricsIvoryton CT USA Associate Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX 77843 USA

Computational.fl.id dynamics （CFD） model.ng of the compl.x processes that occur within the burner of a gas turbine engine has become a critical.step in the design process. However, due to computer l.mitations, it is very difficul. to compl.tel. coupl. the fl.id mechanics sol.er with the ful. combustion chemistry. Therefore, simpl.fied chemistry model. are required, and the topic of this research was to provide reduced chemistry model. for CH4/O2 gas turbine fl.w fiel.s to be integrated into CFD codes for the simul.tion of fl.w fiel.s of natural.gas-fuel.d burners. The reduction procedure for the CH4/O2 model.util.zed a response model.ng technique wherein the ful. mechanism was sol.ed over a range of temperatures, pressures, and mixture ratios to establ.sh the response of a particul.r variabl., namel. the chemical.reaction time. The conditions covered were between 1000 and 2500 K for temperature, 0.1 and 2 for equival.nce ratio in air, and 0.1 and 50 atm for pressure. The kinetic time model. in the form of ignition time correl.tions are given in Arrhenius-type formul.s as functions of equival.nce ratio, temperature, and pressure; or fuel.to-air ratio, temperature, and pressure. A singl. ignition time model.was obtained for the entire range of conditions, and separate model. for the l.w-temperature and high-temperature regions as wel. as for fuel.l.an and rich cases were al.o derived. Predictions using the reduced model.were verified using resul.s from the ful. mechanism and empirical.correl.tions from experiments. The model. are intended for （but not l.mited to） use in CFD codes for fl.w fiel. simul.tions of gas turbine combustors in which initial.conditions and degree of mixedness of the fuel.and air are key factors in achieving stabl. and robust combustion processes and acceptabl. emission l.vel.. The chemical.time model.was util.zed successful.y in CFD simul.tions of a generic gas turbine combustor with four different cases with various l.vel. of fuel.air premixin

关键词： CH4 ignition time correl.tions reduced kinetic model

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非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者随机应用依诺肝素或普通肝素抗凝治疗的疗效和出血并发症：系统综述

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2005年第4期24卷 209-216页

作者： john l. petersen Kenneth W. Mahaffey Vic Hassel.l.d El.iott M. Antman Marc Cohen Shaun G. Goodman Anatol. l.nger Michael.A. Bl.zing Anne l.-Moigne-Amrani James A. de l.mos Christopher C. Nessel.Robert A. Harrington James J. Ferguson Eugene Braunwal. Robert M. Cal.ff 徐成斌（译） Duke Cl.nical.Research Institute Durham NC Cardiovascul.r Division Department of Medicine Brigham and Women＇s Hospital Boston Mass Division of Cardiol.gy Newark Beth Israel Medical Center. Newark. NJ Canadian Heart Research Centre and Terrence Donnel.y Heart Centre Division of Cardiology St Michael＇s Hospital University of TorontoToronto Ontario Division of Cardiol.gy University of Texas Southwestem Dallas Aventis Inc BridgewaterNJ St l.ke＇s-Episcopal.Hospital Texas Heart InstituteHouston

背景：抗凝疗法已成为急性冠脉综合征（acute coronary syndrome，ACS）治疗指南推荐的标准疗法。但是，最近某些试验在ACS患者中对依诺肝素（enoxaparin）与普通肝素（unfractionated heparin）的应用进行了比较，发现这些抗凝疗法的... 详细信息

背景：抗凝疗法已成为急性冠脉综合征（acute coronary syndrome，ACS）治疗指南推荐的标准疗法。但是，最近某些试验在ACS患者中对依诺肝素（enoxaparin）与普通肝素（unfractionated heparin）的应用进行了比较，发现这些抗凝疗法的疗效及安全性并不及既往试验结果。目的：有6项随机对照试验对依诺肝素与普通肝素治疗ACS患者进行了比较，对其终点（即全因死亡及非致死性心肌梗死）、输血与大出血进行系统评估。资料来源：从杜克临床研究所（Duke Cl.nical.Research Institute）获取ESSENCE、A to Z及SYNERGY试验的原始数据。由TIMI 11B、ACUTEⅡ及INTERACT研究的主要研究人员提供各自的基线特征和事件发生频率。研究选取：在非ST段抬高ACS患者中比较依诺肝素与普通肝素的6项随机对照试验均人选进行分析。数据提取：从全部试验人群和随机分组前未接受抗凝治疗的亚人群中获取疗效终点和安全性终点。数据综合：应用随机效应经验性贝叶斯模型（random—effects empirical.Bayes model.，系统评估21946例患者的结果。依诺肝素与普通肝素30天死亡率无显著差异（3．0％比3．0％，优势比[odds ratio，OR]，1．00；95％可信区间[confidence interval.CI]，0．85～1．17）。在所有试验人群中，依诺肝素与普通肝素相比，30天死亡或非致死性心肌梗死（myocardial.infarction，MI）联合终点显著下降，具有统计学差异（10．1％比11．0％；OR，0．91；95％CI，0．83～0．99；所需治疗例数107）。随机分组前未接受抗凝治疗的依诺肝素组患者30天死亡或MI联合终点亦显著下降，具有统计学差异（8．0％比9．4％；OR，0．81；95％CI，0．70～0．94；所需治疗例数72）。随机分组后第7天，总体安全人群或者随机分组前未接受抗凝治疗的人群输血（OR，1．01；95％CI，0．89～1．14）或大出血的发生率（OR，1．04；95％CI，0．83～1．30）无显著差异。结论：对近22000例各类ACS患者进行系统回顾发现，在预防死亡或MI联合终点方面依诺肝素较普通肝素更有效。

关键词：非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征随机对照试验依诺肝素普通肝素抗凝治疗出血并发症患者系统综述疗效

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Ionic conductivity anomal. in soil.cover——Expl.ration of bl.nd mineral.zation beneath regol.th cover

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第5期53卷 649-656页

作者： KEEl.NG john l. Primary Industries and Resources South Austral.a (PIRSA)

This paper briefl. describes the formation of ionic conductivity anomal.es in soil.cover, and the characteristics of ionic composition that forms conductivity anomal.es, based on the theory of geoel.ctrochemical.hal.. Based on some practical.resul.s of sol.bl. ions in soil.cover and soil.conductivity derived from a number of mining areas of both China and overseas, here we present the correl.tion of a conductivity anomal. with the ionic composition and establ.sh a model.for the formation of conductivity anomal.es in soil.cover. The resul.s indicate that the formation of a conductivity anomal. is not a simpl. transformation of a secondary geochemical.anomal.. A conductivity anomal. is formed as the resul. of el.ctrochemical.and chemical.processes, by transformation of orebody into various ionic hal.es through four physicochemical.processes: 1) dissol.tion of the orebody, 2) migration of dissol.ed matter, 3) conversion of matter near the surface, and 4) the formation of ionic conductivity anomal.es. The conductivity anomal., as a physical.parameter, essential.y represents the integration of various geochemical.compositions and is control.ed by a set of particul.r ionic groups.

关键词： ionic conductivity regol.th mineral.sation expl.ration

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Rol. of simpl. biomarkers in predicting fibrosis progression in HCV infection

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2010年第45期16卷 5710-5715页

作者： Rajasekhara R Mummadi john R petersen Ned Snyder Division of Gastroenterol.gy and Hepatol.gy Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchHoustonTX 77025United States Department of Pathol.gy University of Texas Medical BranchHoustonTX 77025United States Department of Gastroenterol.gy and Hepatol.gy Kelsey Seybold Clinic2727 W. HolcombeHoustonTX 77025United States

AIM: To examine the accuracy of the aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/Pl.tel.t Ratio Index (APRI) and FIB-4, in predicting l.ngitudinal.changes in l.ver histol.gy in hepatitis C virus (HCV) ***: Patients that underwent repeat l.ver biopsies at l.ast 1 year apart from 1999 to 2007 were identified. l.ver fibrosis was staged on needl. core biopsies eval.ated by a singl. expert l.ver pathol.gist. Onl. l.boratory val.es within 3 mo of the l.ver biopsies were ***: Thirty-six patients met the incl.sion criteria with 50% stage 1 on initial.biopsy, 25% stage 2, and 22% stage 3. Nineteen of 36 (53%) had progression of fibrosis on repeat biopsies, whil. 16 (44%) showed no change in stage, and one (3%) showed improvement. Patients that showed progression of fibrosis had significantl. higher al.nine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase l.vel. than the group that did not show progression. A significant correl.tion was seen between change in stage of fibrosis and change in APRI (r2 = 0.39, P = 0.00001) and a change in FIB-4 (r2 = 0.31, P = 0.00004). A change in APRI (ΔAPRI) of 0.18 had 80% positive predictive val.e (PPV) and 67% nega- tive predictive val.e (NPV) for progression of fibrosis. A change in FIB-4 (ΔFIB-4) of 0.39 had 75% PPV and 75% NPV for predicting progression of fibrosis. CONCl.SION: ΔAPRI and ΔFIB-4 paral.el.changes in fibrosis progression, and coul. be useful.tool. for cl.nicians in fol.owing patients with active chronic HCV infection.

关键词： Hepatitis C l.ver fibrosis l.ver biopsy Biomarkers

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Strategies For Being A Successful.Physician Administrator Of A Rehabil.tation Program

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中国康复医学杂志 2008年第11期23卷 961-964页

作者： john l. Mel.in Department of Rehabil.tation Medicine Jefferson Medical Collegeof Thomas Jefferson University

INTRODUCTION Purpose:The purpose of this paper is to provide rehabil.-tation physicians with suggestions that wil. assist themin becoming successful.program l.aders/managers/

关键词：内科医师医疗卫生事业医院管理康复医学

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Acetaminophen and zinc phosphide for l.thal.management of invasive l.zards Ctenosaura simil.s

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Current Zool.gy 2011年第5期57卷 625-629页

作者： Michael.l. AVERY john D. EISEMANN Kandy l. KEACHER Peter J. SAVARIE United States Department of Agricul.ure Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Florida Field Station 2820 East University Avenue Gainesville FL 32641 USA United States Department of Agricul.ure Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Ft. Collins CO 80225 USA

Reducing popul.tions of invasive l.zards through trapping and shooting is feasibl. in many cases but effective inte-grated management rel.es on a variety of tool., incl.ding toxicants. In Fl.rida, using wil.-caught non-native bl.ck spiny-tail.d iguanas Ctenosaura simil.s, we screened acetaminophen and zinc phosphide to determine their suitabil.ty for effective popul.tion management of this prol.fic invasive species. Of the animal. that received acetaminophen, none died except at the highest test dose, 240 mg per l.zard, which is not practical.for fiel. use. Zinc phosphide produced 100% mortal.ty at dose l.vel. as l.ttl. as 25 mg per l.zard, equival.nt to about 0.5% in bait which is l.wer than currentl. used in commercial.baits for commensal.rodent con-trol. We concl.de that zinc phosphide has potential.as a useful.tool.for reducing popul.tions of invasive l.zards such as the bl.ck spiny-tail.d iguana provided target-sel.ctive del.very methods are devel.ped [Current Zool.gy 57 （5）： 625~529, 2011].

关键词： Acetaminophen Bl.ck spiny-tail.d iguana Ctenosaura simil.s Fl.rida Invasive Zinc phosphide

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Synthesis and crystal.structure of a neodymium coordination pol.mer with 2,6-anthraquinonedisul.onate

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Particuol.gy 2010年第3期8卷 221-224页

作者： Jennifer l. Nichol.s john Bacsa Andrew M. Fogg Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom

The coordination pol.mer, （Nd（H2O）5）2（2,6-AQDS）3.2H2O where 2,6-AQDS = 2,6- anthraquinonedisul.onate, has been synthesised via a hydrothermal.route. Structural.y, it consists of l.yers of monomeric Nd pol.hedra which are l.nked by 2,6-AQDS anions forming a pol.meric, three-dimensional.network. Each Nd atom is nine coordinate, bonding to five water mol.cul.s and to four oxygen atoms from four 2,6-AODS anions which in turn pil.ar the l.yers by bridging two Nd atoms in one l.yer, and coordinating to a singl. Nd in the other.

关键词： l.nthanide l.yered material. Sul.onate Coordination pol.mer

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Simul.tion-based feasibil.ty study of improved air conditioning systems for hospital.operating room

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Frontiers of Architectural.Research 2013年第4期2卷 468-475页

作者： Zhiqiang (john) Zhai Anna l. Osborne Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering University of Colorado at BoulderBoulder CO 80309-0428 USA

The goal.of the air distribution inside a hospital.operating room （OR） is to protect the patient and staff from cross-infection whil. maintaining occupant comfort and not affecting the facil.tation of surgical.tasks. In ORs, HEPA-fil.ered air and vertical.（downward） l.minar airfl.w are often used to achieve a unidirectional.fl.w of fresh air from ceil.ng, washing over the patient and fl.wing out of exhaust vents on the side wal.s, near the fl.or. However, previous research has shown that this method does not necessaril. achieve the desired unidirectional.fl.w pattern or adequatel. achieve optimal.air asepsis. The resul.s from this study show that maximizing the area of the l.minar fl.w diffusers remedies this issue and provides very l.w contamination l.vel.. The use of air curtains as specified by manufacturers of commercial.products may not provide satisfactory resul.s, with noticeabl. contamination l.vel. at the wound site.

关键词： Hospital.operatingroom Air conditionins Computationat fl.id dynamics

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The impact of personal.ty on the success of prospecting behavior in changing l.ndscapes

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Current Zool.gy 2015年第3期61卷 557-568页

作者： john Curtis BURKHAl.ER Nina H. FEFFERMAN Jul.e l. l.CKWOOD Graduate Program in Ecol.gy and Evol.tion Department of Ecology Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers University 14College Farm Rd. New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA

Personal.ty can pl.y a l.rge rol. in dispersal.decisions, infl.encing how each individual.estimates and val.es ex- pected costs versus benefits of ventnring out to expl.re the unknown. We contrast the impact of persistence on fitness using deci- sion theory model. to examine the rel.tive success of prospecting movement （which is a widespread behavior used by animal. to expl.re avail.bl. breeding habitat before determining where to settl.） in different l.ndscapes among individual. with different personal.ties. Whil. eval.ating trends in the costs and benefits of movement we provide a quantifiabl. measure of the impacts of rel.tive tenacity in prospecting behavior on fitness gains/l.sses. Our model.resul.s predict that, regardl.ss of l.ndscape composi- tion, individual. with greater tenacity in prospecting strategy have reduced fitness gains rel.tive to individual. who are more wil.ing to both initiate novel.strategies, but then al.o abandon the new strategy rapidl. if initial.search does not seem fruitful. We show that fitness gains from choosing an appropriate prospecting strategy （i.e. abandoning poor habitat or staying in rich habitat） can be very high, indicating a potential.y l.rge infl.ence from personal.ty on fitness. Importantl., the model.predicts that rel.tive fitness gains are highl. dependent on the avail.bil.ty of high qual.ty habitat in the l.ndscape, even if the difference under varying fitness outcomes between poor and rich habitat was substantial

关键词： Prospecting Tradeoff Movement Decision theory Personal.ty Behavior

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Enterococcus faecal.s can be distinguished from Enterococcus faecium via differential.susceptibil.ty to antibiotics and growth and fermentation characteristics on mannitol.sal. agar

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Frontiers in Biol.gy 2012年第2期7卷 167-177页

作者： Maria l. G. QUIl.AN john VU john CARVAl.O Biol.gy Program Biology Department California State University Dominguez Hills （CSUDH） Carson CA 90747 USA M. S. Biol.gy Program Biology Department California State University Dominguez Hills （CSUDH） Carson CA 90747 USA Biol.gy Department California State University Dominguez Hills （CSUDH） Carson CA 90747 USA

Enterococcus faecal.s and Enterococcus faecium are both human intestinal.col.nizers frequentl. used in medical.bacteriol.gy teaching l.boratories in order to train students in bacterial.identification. In addition, hospital. within the United States and around the worl. commonl. isol.te these bacteria because they are a cause of bacteremia, urinary tract infections, endocarditis, wound infections, and nosocomial.infections. Given that enterococci are becoming more of a worl. heal.h hazard, it is important for l.boratories to be abl. to distinguish these bacteria within hospital.zed patients from other bacterial.genera. In addition, l.boratories must differentiate different species within the Enterococcus genus as wel. as different strains within each species. Though enterococci are differentiated from other bacterial.genera via cl.ssical.cul.ure and biochemical.methods, nucl.ic acid sequencing is required to differentiate species within the genus--a costl., time consuming, and technical.y chal.enging procedure for l.boratory technicians that, in itsel., does not necessaril. l.ad to speedy identification of bactericidal.antibiotics. In this study, we perform antibiogram anal.sis to show （1） that penicil.in can be rapidl. empl.yed to distinguish strains and cl.nical.isol.tes of E. faecal.s from E. faecium, （2） E. faecal.s is susceptibl. to ampicil.in, and （3） that vancomycin resistance in enterococci shows no sign of abating. Additional.y, we show that E. faecal.s can grow on mannitol.sal. agar and ferment mannitol. whil. E. faecium l.cks these phenotypes. These data reveal.that we now have rapid, cost effective ways to identify enterococci to the species, and not just genus, l.vel.and have significance for patient treatment in hospital..

关键词： enterococci Staphyl.coccus antibiotic resistance bacteriol.gy microbiol.gy

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