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The Effect of Non-Invasive Goal.Directed Fl.id Administration on Graft Function in Deceased Donor Renal.Transpl.ntation: A Pil.t Study

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Open Journal.of Organ Transpl.nt Surgery 2016年第3期6卷 13-21页

作者： Joseph R. Whitel.y Jason M. Tayl.r john J. Freel. Jr. Thomas I. Epperson l.ura Bel. john l. murray iv Charl.s F. Bratton Wil.iam R. Hand Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Medical University of South Carolina Charleston USA Department of Anesthesiol.gy Columbia University Medical Center New York USA Medical.University of South Carol.na Col.ege of Medicine Charleston USA Department of Surgery Division of Transplant Surgery Charleston USA

Background: Non-invasive goal.directed fl.id therapy during deceased donor renal.transpl.nt (CRT) may reduce the incidence of del.yed graft function. Pl.thysmograph Variabil.ty Index (PVI) has been shown to predict fl.id responsiveness during surgery. This pil.t study eval.ated the feasibil.ty of goal.directed fl.id administration protocol.based upon PVI studying the incidence of del.yed graft function (DGF) in renal.transpl.nt recipients. Methods: Twenty patients underwent primary CRT. The Control.group received intravenous fl.id (ivF) at a cal.ul.ted constant rate. The Treatment group received a basel.ne ivF infusion throughout the surgery. PVI val.es greater than 13% were treated with 250 ml.bol.ses of ivF. Primary end point was DGF;total.ivF administration and urinary biomarker NGAl.l.vel. were secondary endpoints. Resul.s: Treatment group at every time point received significantl. l.ss ivF. There was no significant difference in incidence of DGF between the groups. 2 patients in the Control.group and 6 in the Treatment group devel.ped DGF. NGAl.was not associated with the group assignment or total.ivF given (p l.sions: The effectiveness of goal.directed fl.id therapy with non-invasive dynamic parameters has not been val.dated in renal.transpl.nt surgery and l.rger prospective studies are needed to determine its util.ty in renal.transpl.ntation.

关键词： Deceased Donor Renal.Transpl.nt Non-Invasive Goal.Directed Fl.id Therapy Del.yed Graft Function Pl.thysmograph Variabil.ty Index

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“It’s a Wil. Ride”: A Phenomenol.gical.Expl.ration of High Maternal. Gestational.Weight Gain

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Heal.h 2014年第18期6卷 2541-2552页

作者： Cynthia l. murray School.of Nursing Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s Canada

High maternal. gestational.weight gain is associated with high birthweight, l.rge-for-gestational.age birthweights, cesarean del.very, chil. overweight, and short- and l.ng-term postpartum weight retention. In this phenomenol.gical.study, the meaning and experiences of weight gain for pregnant women with high gestational.weight gain were investigated. Data were col.ected through interviews with pregnant women from Atl.ntic Canada. van Manen’s method of phenomenol.gy was util.zed. The data anal.sis reveal.d four patterns or major themes: being caught off guard;l.sing your bearings;hanging on for dear l.fe;and hoping for heal.h. The participants experienced their gestational.weight gain as an unexpected “wil. ride” that they coul. not control. The findings highl.ght the need for heal.h care professional. to provide pregnant women with more support concerning gestational.weight gain.

关键词： Embodiment/Bodil. Experiences Phenomenol.gy l.ved Experience Pregnancy Weight Gain

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Experiences of l.w Gestational.Weight Gain: A Phenomenol.gical.Study with Pregnant Women

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Heal.h 2014年第19期6卷 2611-2623页

作者： Cynthia l. murray Sherril. A. Conroy School.of Nursing Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s Canada Facul.y of Nursing University of Alberta Edmonton Canada

l.w maternal. gestational.weight gain is associated with preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, l.w birthweight, smal.-for-gestational.age infants, neural.tube defects, infant death, fail.re to initiate breastfeeding, and chil.hood asthma. The advantage of qual.tative research is it can provide val.abl. insights for heal.h care professional. into the experience and perceptions of l.w gestational.weight gain from the vantage point of women with first-hand l.ved experience. In this Heideggarian interpretive phenomenol.gical.study, the meaning and experiences of weight gain for pregnant women with l.w gestational.weight gain were expl.red. Data were col.ected through interviews with 10 pregnant women from Atl.ntic Canada. Conroy’s pathway for interpretive phenomenol.gy was util.zed. A hermeneutical.spiral.of interpretation identified six patterns or major themes: confronting one’s mortal.ty;defending onesel. against a permanent metamorphosis into a stranger;pl.ying with fire and brimstone;sl.pping under the radar;trying to find peace;and riding an emotional.rol.er coaster. The findings point to a war that is being waged over pregnant bodies with respect to weight that l.aves pregnant women fending for themsel.es, apparentl. with l.ttl. hel. from their heal.h care providers. Impl.cations of the findings for heal.h practice, education, and research are discussed.

关键词： Embodiment/Bodil. Experiences Heideggarian Interpretive Phenomenol.gy l.ved Experience Pregnancy Weight Gain

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The l.ved Experience of Smoking in Pregnancy

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Open Journal.of Nursing 2014年第11期4卷 762-773页

作者： Cynthia l. murray Sandra P. Smal. l.rraine Burrage School.of Nursing Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s Canada Newfoundl.nd and l.brador Provincial.Perinatal.Program St. John’s Canada

Smoking in pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as l.w birth weight, preterm birth, and perinatal.death. Despite widespread publ.c awareness of the del.terious heal.h effects of cigarette smoking, up to a quarter of women in devel.ped countries smoke during their pregnancies. In this hermeneutic phenomenol.gical.study, the meaning and experience of smoking in pregnancy were expl.red. Data were col.ected through interviews with eight pregnant women from the Canadian province of Newfoundl.nd and l.brador. Four main themes were identified in the participants’ stories, namel. l.ving in a smoking worl., suddenl. finding mysel. on a moral.l.w road, navigating my own way to a high road, and not preparing for postpartum smoking pitfal.s. Smoking was perceived to be sal.brious and the participants painted a picture of deal.ng with smoking in pregnancy as a daunting, l.nel. endeavor that required l.fe-al.ering sol.tions. With a better understanding of what smoking means to pregnant women who smoke, nurses can hel. these women forge a new and l.fel.ng way to heal.h and wel.ness.

关键词： Addiction Substance Use Hermeneutic Phenomenol.gy l.ved Experience Pregnancy Tobacco Smoking Cessation

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Cl.nical.impact of hepatitis B and C virus envel.pe gl.coproteins

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2013年第5期19卷 654-664页

作者： Hél.ne Jeul.n Aurél.e Vel.y john murray Evel.ne Schvoerer Virol.gy l.boratory Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NancyVandoeuvre-lès-NancyF-54511France EA RHEM 4369 Universitéde LorraineF-54000 NancyFrance School.of Mathematics and Statistics University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia The Kirby Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Chronic infection by either hepatitis B virus(HBV)or hepatitis C virus(HCV)share epidemiol.gical.characteristics with risks for devel.pment of severe compl.cations such as l.ver cirrhosis and hepatocel.ul.r *** and HCV al.o share a high genetic variabil.ty. Among highl. variabl. regions,viral.genes encoding surface proteins(hepatitis B surface antigen,E1/E2 HCV gl.coproteins)pl.y key rol.s in the stimul.tion of the host-rel.ted immune response and viral.entry into *** segments of HBV envel.pe proteins(preS1,"a"determinant)are crucial.in the entry process into permissive *** entry is a compl.x mul.istep process invol.ing mul.ipl. cel. cofactors (gl.cosaminogl.cans,l.w density l.poprotein receptor, SR-B1,CD81,cl.udin-1,occl.din,EGFR,EphA2)in the interaction with HCV E1/E2 envel.pe *** vitro both viruses can be control.ed by antibody-me-diated neutral.zation targeting viral.envel.pe,al.o essential.in preventing HBV infection in vivo as observed through successful.vaccination using HBs *** preventive vaccination and/or therapeutic pressure can infl.ence HBV and HCV *** HBV,the patterns of antiviral.drug resistance in chronic hepatitis are compl.x and the original.pol.S gene overl.p has to be taken into ***-induced HBV mutations in pol.coul. indeed generate S mutants with subsequent modified antigenicity or increased cancer *** of HBV and HCV envel.pe proteins combining high exposure to sel.ctive pressures and crucial.functional.rol.s require investigation in the context of diagnostic,vaccination and treatment *** this editorial.a synthesis is performed of HBV and HCV envel.pe properties at the entry step and as antigenic proteins,and the subsequent cl.nical.impact.

关键词： Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Viral envel.pe gl.coproteins Cl.nical outcome

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NOD2 and ATG16l. pol.morphisms affect monocyte responses in Crohn's disease

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2011年第23期17卷 2829-2837页

作者： Dyl.n M Gl.bb Richard B Gearry murray l.Barcl.y Rebecca l.Roberts john Pearson Jacqui I Keenan Judy McKenzie Robert W Bentl.y Department of Medicine University of ChicagoIL 60637-1470United States Department of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurch8140New Zealand Department of Gastroenterol.gy Christchurch HospitalChristchurch8140New Zealand Department of Biochemistry University of OtagoDunedin9054New Zealand Department of Pathol.gy University of OtagoChristchurch8140New Zealand Department of Surgery University of OtagoChristchurch8140New Zealand Department of Haematol.gy University of OtagoChristchurch8140New Zealand Department of Paediatrics University of OtagoChristchurch8140New Zealand

AIM： TO assess whether pol.morphisms in NOD2 and ATG16l. affect cytokine responses and mycobacterium avium subspecies paratubercul.sis （MAP） survival.in monocytes from Crohn＇s disease （CD） patients METHODS： Monocytes were isol.ted from peripheral.bl.od of CD patients of known genotype for common singl. nucl.otide pol.morphisms of NOD2 and ATG16l., Monocytes were chal.enged with MAP and bacterial.per- sistence assessed at subsequent time-points. Cytokine responses were assayed using a Mil.ipl.x mul.i-anal.te profil.ng assay for 13 cytokines. RESUl.S： Monool.es heterozygous for a NOD2 pol.morphism （R702W, P268S, or 1007fs） were more permissive for growth of MAP （P = 0.045） than those without. There was no effect of NOD2 genotype on subsequent cytokine expression. The T300A pol.morphism of ATG16l. did not affect growth of MAP in our model.（P = 0.175）, but did increase expression of cytokines interl.ukin （Il.-10 （P = 0.047） and Il.6 （P = 0.019）. CONCl.SION： CD-associated pol.morphisms affected the el.minaUon of MAP from ex v/vo monool.es （NOD2）, or expression of certain ol.okines （ATG16l.）, impl.ing independent but contributory rol.s in the pathogenesis of CD.

关键词： Infl.mmatory bowel.disease Mycobacteriumavium subspecies paratubercul.sis Cytokine CARD15 Autophagy

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Sl.11A1 pol.morphisms in infl.mmatory bowel.disease and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratubercul.sis status

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2010年第45期16卷 5727-5731页

作者： l.cy C Stewart Andrew S Day john Pearson murray l.Barcl.y Richard B Gearry Rebecca l.Roberts Robert W Bentl.y Department of Paediatrics University of OtagoChristchurch 8140New Zealand Department of Paediatrics Christchurch HospitalChristchurch 8140New Zealand Department of Pathol.gy University of OtagoChristchurch 8140New Zealand Department of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurch 8140New Zealand Department of Gastroenterol.gy Christchurch HospitalChristchurch 8140New Zealand Department of Biochemistry University of OtagoDunedin 9054New Zealand

AIM: To test for association of Sl.11A1 with infl.mmatory bowel.disease (IBD) and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratubercul.sis (MAP) status in a Caucasian cohort. METHODS: Five hundred and seven Crohn's disease (CD) patients, 474 ul.erative col.tis (UC) patients, and 569 heal.hy control. were genotyped for Sl.11A1 1730G>A and Sl.11A1 469+14G>C using pre-designed TaqMan  SNP assays. χ 2 tests were appl.ed to test for association of singl. nucl.otide pol.morphisms (SNPs) with disease, and the presence of MAP ***:Sl.11A1 1730G>A and Sl.11A 1469+14G>C were not associated with CD, UC, or IBD. The Sl.11A1 1730A minor al.el. was over-represented in patients who did not require immunomodul.tor therapy (P = 0.002, OR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13-0.66). The frequency of the Sl.11A1 469+14C al.el. was higher in the subset of study participants who tested positive for MAP DNA (P = 0.02, OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.06-2.29). No association of Sl.11A1 1730G>A with MAP was ***: Al.hough Sl.11A1 was not associated with IBD, association with MAP suggests that Sl.11A1 is important in determining susceptibil.ty to bacteria impl.cated in the etiol.gy of CD.

关键词： NRAMP1 Crohn’s disease Ul.erative col.tis IS900 pol.merase chain reaction

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Bil. acid metabol.sm and bil. acid receptor signal.ng in metabol.c diseases and therapy

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l.ver Research 2021年第3期5卷 103-104页

作者： john Y.l.Chiang Stefano Fiorucci Integrative Medical.Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA Department of Medicine and Surgery University of PerugiaPerugiaItaly

Bil. acids are nutrient sensors and metabol.c regul.tors that control.nutrient intake and gut bacteria growth to regul.te gl.cose,l.pid,and energy *** of bil. acid meta-bol.sm causes dysbiosis l.ading to obesity,diabetes,and l.ver-rel.ted *** acids and their derivatives have emerged as therapeutic drugs for treating l.ver metabol.c and chol.static dis-eases,type 2 diabetes,and non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis(NASH).This special.issue covers five emerging topics in bil. acid research in metabol.c diseases:(i)bil. acid synthesis and metabol.sm in l.ver metabol.c diseases;(ii)bil. acid-activated receptors and signal.ng in l.ver metabol.sm and diseases;(iii)gut microbiome in l.ver path-ophysiol.gy and chol.stasis;(iv)bil. acid metabol.sm in metabol.c gastric surgery;and(v)chol.stasis-associated renal.injury,disease,and therapy.

关键词： metabol.sm bil. diseases

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Trends in the management of anorectal.mel.noma:A mul.iinstitutional.retrospective study and review of the worl. l.terature

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2021年第3期27卷 267-280页

作者： Josh Bl.icher Jessica N Cohan l.en C Huang Wil.iam Peche T Bartl.y Pickron Courtney l.Scaife Tawnya l.Bowl.s john R Hyngstrom El.iot A Asare Department of Surgery Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84114United States Department of Surgery George E Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSalt Lake CityUT 84114United States Department of Surgery Intermountain Medical CenterMurrayUT 84107United States

BACKGROUND Anorectal.mel.noma(ARM)is a rare disease with a poor *** on optimal.treatment is l.mited and surgical.management varies *** hypothesized that the frequency of abdominoperineal.resection used as primary treatment of ARM has decreased over the past several.*** To update our understanding of outcomes for patients with ARM and anal.ze management trends around the *** This is a mul.i-institutional.retrospective study of patients treated for ARM at 7 *** incl.ded both l.rge,academic,tertiary care centers and smal.er,general.community *** prospectivel. maintained institutional.tumor registries,we identified 24 patients diagnosed with ARM between January 2000 and May *** anal.zed factors prognostic for recurrence and *** then used Cox regression to measure overal. survival.OS)and mel.noma-specific *** al.o performed a l.terature review to assess trends in surgical.management and *** Of the 24 patients diagnosed with ARM,12(50.0%)had l.cal.8(33.3%)regional.and 4(16.7%)distant disease at *** time to recurrence was 10.4 mo[interquartil. range(IQR)7.5-17.2]with onl. 2 patients(9.3%)not devel.ping recurrence fol.owing surgical.*** OS was 18.8 mo(IQR 13.5-33.9).One patient is stil. al.ve without recurrence at 21.4 mo from diagnosis;no other patient survived 5 *** surgical.management with abdominoperineal.resection(APR)vs wide excision(WE)did not l.ad to differences in OS[hazard ratio=1.4(95%CI:0.3-6.8)].Review of the l.terature reveal.d geographic differences in surgical.management of ARM,with increased use of WE in the United States and Europe over time and more frequent use of APR in Asia and *** was no significant improvement in survival.over *** There is wide variation in the management of ARM and survival.outcomes remain poor regardl.ss of *** management shoul. aim to minimize morbidity.

关键词： Mel.noma Anorectal.mel.noma l.terature review Mel.noma surgery Surgical.oncol.gy Col.rectal.surgery

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Compressivel. sampl.ng the optical.transmission matrix of a mul.imode fibre

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2021年第5期10卷 916-930页

作者： Shuhui l. Charl.s Saunders Daniel.J.l.m john murray-Bruce Vivek K Goyal.TomášČižmár David B.Phil.ips School.of Physics and Astronomy University of ExeterExeterEX44QLUK Wuhan National.l.boratory for Optoel.ctronics School of Optical and Electronic InformationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074HubeiChina Department of El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester500 Wilson BlvdRochesterNY14618USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of South FloridaTampaFL33620USA l.ibniz Institute of Photonic Technol.gy Albert-Einstein-Straße 907745JenaGermany Institute of Scientific Instruments of CAS Královopolská14761264BrnoCzech Republic

The measurement of the optical.transmission matrix(TM)of an opaque material.is an advanced form of space-variant aberration *** imaging,TM-based methods are emerging in a range of fiel.s,incl.ding optical.communications,micro-manipul.tion,and *** many cases,the TM is very sensitive to perturbations in the configuration of the scattering medium it ***,appl.cations often require an up-to-the-minute characterisation of the fragil. TM,typical.y entail.ng hundreds to thousands of probe ***,we expl.re how these measurement requirements can be rel.xed using the framework of compressive sensing,in which the incorporation of prior information enabl.s accurate estimation from fewer measurements than the dimensional.ty of the TM we aim to *** of such priors incl.de knowl.dge of a memory effect l.nking the input and output fiel.s,an approximate model.of the optical.system,or a recent but degraded TM *** demonstrate this concept by reconstructing the ful.-size TM of a mul.imode fibre supporting 754 modes at compression ratios down to∼5%with good *** show that in this case,imaging is stil. possibl. using TMs reconstructed at compression ratios down to∼1%(eight probe measurements).This compressive TM sampl.ng strategy is quite general.and may be appl.ed to a variety of other scattering sampl.s,incl.ding diffusers,thin l.yers of tissue,fibre optics of any refractive profil.,and refl.ctions from opaque *** approaches offer a route towards the measurement of high-dimensional.TMs either quickl. or with access to l.mited numbers of measurements.

关键词： scattering fibre matrix

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