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Enhancing IoT anomaly detection performance for federated learning

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Digital Communications and Network. 2022年第3期8卷 314-323页

作者： Brett Weinger Jinoh k.m Alex Sim Mak.ya Nak.shima Nour Moustafa k.john Wu Stony Brook.University Stony BrookNYUSA Lawrence Berk.ley National Laboratory BerkeleyCAUSA Texas A&M University CommerceTXUSA University of New South Wales CanberraAustralia

Federated Learning (FL) with mobile computing and the Internet of Things (IoT) is an effective cooperative learning approach. However, several technical challenges still need to be addressed. For instance, dividing the training process among several devices may impact the performance of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, often significantly degrading prediction accuracy compared to centralized learning. One of the primary reasons for such performance degradation is that each device can access only a small fraction of data (that it generates), which limits the efficacy of the local ML model constructed on that device. The performance degradation could be exacerbated when the participating devices produce different classes of events, which is k.own as the class balance problem. Moreover, if the participating devices are of different types, each device may never observe the same types of events, which leads to the device heterogeneity problem. In this study, we investigate how data augmentation can be applied to address these challenges and improving detection performance in an anomaly detection task.using IoT datasets. Our extensive experimental results with three publicly accessible IoT datasets show the performance improvement of up to 22.9% with the approach of data augmentation, compared to the baseline (without relying on data augmentation). In particular, stratified random sampling and uniform random sampling show the best improvement in detection performance with only a modest increase in computation time, whereas the data augmentation scheme using Generative Adversarial Network. is the most time-consuming with limited performance benefits.

关键词： Data augmentation Federated learning Internet of things Anomaly detection Machine learning

Chloroplast gene matk.holds the barcodes for identification of Momordica(Cucurbitaceae) species from Indian subcontinent

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第1期8卷 89-98页

作者： Girme Aoudumbar Ramesh Deepu Mathew k.Joseph john V.Ravisank.rc Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Kerala Agricultural UniversityThrissurKerala State 680656India ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional StationThrissurKerala State 680656India Bioinformatics Centre Kerala Agricultural UniversityThrissurKerala State680656India

DNA barcoding is a supplementary tool in plant systematics,extensively used to resolve the species level *** paper details the identification of DNA barcodes for seven species of Momordica,using the chloroplast gene mat *** the species *** has been confused as a member of the genus Luffa,26 accessions of Momordica belonging to seven Indian species and two accessions of Luffa acutangula were included in this *** of mat k.sequences has yielded distinct barcodes in *** ***,*** ***,***,***,*** and also in Luffa *** status of each species was reflected as nucleotide polymorphisms in each *** wild species *** and *** have yielded one barcode but failed to get ***,this study provides conclusive proof that *** is a member of Momordica *** phylogram generated was successful to distinguish the monoecious species of this genus,***,*** and ***,from the dioecious species ***,***,*** *** and ***,mat k.locus,by accumulating the evolutionary sequence variations,is proven efficient to differentiate the Momordica species and to reveal their relatedness.

关键词： Cucurbit DNA barcoding Luffa Phylogeny systematics

Cancer chemoprevention through dietary avonoids: what's limiting?

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2017年第10期36卷 455-467页

作者： Haneen Amawi Charles R. Ashby Jr Amit k. Tiwari Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toledo Toledo OH 43560USA Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy St. John’s UniversityQueens NY 11432 USA Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toledo Toledo OH 43614 USA

Flavonoids are polyphenols that are found in numerous edible plant species. Data obtained from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that specific flavonoids are chemo-preventive and cytotoxic against various cancers via a multitude of mechanisms. However, the clinical use of flavonoids is limited due to challenges associated with their e ective use, including(1) the isolation and purification of flavonoids from their natural resources;(2) demonstration of the e ects of flavonoids in reducing the risk.of certain cancer, in tandem with the cost and time needed for epidemiological studies, and(3) numerous pharmacok.netic challenges(e.g., bioavailability, drug–drug interactions, and metabolic instability). Currently, numerous approaches are being used to surmount some of these challenges, thereby increasing the lik.lihood of flavonoids being used as chemo-preventive drugs in the clinic. In this review, we summarize the most important challenges and e orts that are being made to surmount these challenges.

关键词： Flavonoids Chemoprevention Silybin Silymarin Natural product drug development Pharmacok.netic challenges

Clinical Evaluation of an Oral Electrolyte Solution Formulated Based on Strong Ion Difference (SID) and Using Propionate as the Organic Anion in the Treatment of Neonatal Diarrheic Calves with Strong Ion Acidosis

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2012年第1期2卷 34-39页

作者： Henry Stampfli Olimpo Oliver john k. Pringle Department of Clinical Studies Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph Canada Facultad de MedicinaVeterinaria y de Zootecnia Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogota Colombia

Back.round: It is postulated that the concentrations of the major strong ions (Na, k. and Cl) in oral electrolyte solutions play a major role in clinical efficacy of these solutions for rehydration and corrections of metabolic acid base derangements. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to test prospectively the efficacy of an OES (OESexp) formulated based on concentration of strong ion difference (SID) and propionate in a group of calves with naturally occurring neonatal diarrhea and clinically detectable dehydration and acid base abnormalities. Animals: Ten client owned calves of varying breeds, 2 - 22 days old, presented to a veterinary teaching hospital with a history of naturally occurring acute undifferentiated diarrhea, progressive depression and dehydration for treatment. Methods: Clinical and laboratory parameters were measured pre and post two oral electrolyte treatments to assess efficacy of the experimental OES to correct clinical and clinico pathological parameters. For the clinical trial the calves served as their own controls. For control of safety of medication 4 normal calves were force fed 4 L of OESexp and followed over a 24 hour period. Results: All calves had severe diarrhea and metabolic acidosis. The metabolic acidosis observed in the plasma of these calves and reflected by pH, HCO3- SID and base deficit was corrected significantly towards reference ranges (p < 0.05) with two 2 L feedings 12 hours apart. Dehydration was significantly corrected and all calves were discharged 1 - 3 days post admission. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: The use of SID is a valid approach when formulating oral electrolytes solutions for use in calves with acute diarrhea and metabolic derangement. Sodium propionate is valid substitute for commonly used sodium base equivalents in North America in oral electrolyte solutions.

关键词： Propionate Acid-Base Rehydration Strong Ions

Perceived Competence and Sk.ll Development in Physical Education： The Effect of Teacher Feedback

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Journal of Sports Science 2017年第6期5卷 291-304页

作者： Daniel k. Drost john R. Todorovich Department of Exercise Science and Community Health University of West Florida Pensacola Florida 32514 USA

This study examined the effects of feedback.on perceived competence and student performance in physical education. The sample （N = 113） consisted of fifth-grade physical education students, recruited from two elementary schools and randomly assigned into small groups. Participants within each group were randomly assigned to receive positive general, corrective informational, or no feedback.and completed pre- and post-task.questionnaires. Groups were given a lacrosse shot task.presentation and then completed a lacrosse shot pre-test, practice session, and post-test, including a pre- and post-test. During the lacrosse task. teachers administered feedback.treatments to participants at the rate of every other attempt for a total of six feedback.statements, excluding the control group. Lacrosse experience was found to be 2.45 on a 9-point Lik.rt-type scale, demonstrating that the sample was unfamiliar with the lacrosse sk.ll. Three separate split plot 2× 3 analysis of variance （ANOVA） tests with repeated measures were conducted to determine whether feedback.treatment type influenced participants＇ perceived competence, product performance sk.ll, and process performance sk.ll when considering pre- and post-task.measures. The findings demonstrated that feedback.appears to have a limited effect on perceived competence and performance during unfamiliar task. in elementary school physical education.

关键词： Physical education motivation feedback perceived competence sk.ll performance

Effect of Citric Acid on the Total Monomeric Anthocyanins and Antioxidant Activity of Liquor Made from Unprocessed Purple Leafed TRFk.306 k.nyan Tea Clone

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第10期10卷 1191-1201页

作者： Emily C. k.lel john k. Wanyok. Abdul k. Faraj Peninah Ngoda Department of Food Science and Nutrition Karatina University Karatina Kenya Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology Egerton University Njoro Egerton Kenya k.nya Agricultural Livestock.Research Organization-Tea Research Institute Kericho Kenya.

A study was conducted to find out the effect of citric acid on total monomeric anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of liquor made from unprocessed purple-leafed TRFk.306 k.nyan tea, brewed at various time/temperature combinations. Most purple tea consumers usually brew the tea leaves then add some lemon juice before consuming it. Citric acid was used here to mimic the use of lemon juice. Documentation on the quality of such a brew is scanty and the effect of acid on its quality is equally scanty. The current study used brewing time/temperature combinations of 5, 10 and 15 minutes with 70°C and 92°C drink.ng water. Total monomeric anthocyanins were analysed using UV-1800 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan) while DDPH method was used to assay for antioxidant activity. Citric acid concentration of 0, 0.1% to 0.5% was used to check.their effect on the brews with the highest total anthocyanins and antioxidant activity. The results showed that brewing temperature of 70°C had 9.5 mg/L to 27.7 mg/L, with 5 minutes brewing time being the highest. Temperature of 92°C had 37.5 mg/L to 92 mg/L with 5 minutes brewing time having the highest total monomeric anthocyanins. Antioxidant activity of 92°C brewing temperature ranged from 90.7% to 92.0%. Total monomeric anthocyanins increased with increased citric acid concentration up to 0.3% before it decreases while for antioxidant activity, it decreased with addition of citric acid. It was concluded that for maximum anthocyanins extraction, 5 minutes brewing time is the best while ten minutes brewing time could give optimum antioxidant activity.

关键词： TRFk 306 Total Monomeric Anthocyanins Antioxidant Activity Citric Acid Brewing Conditions

Mechanisms of resistance to FGFR1 inhibitors in FGFR1-driven leuk.mias and lymphomas:implications for optimized treatment

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第3期4卷 607-619页

作者： john k.Cowell Tianxiang Hu Georgia Cancer Center 1410 Laney Walker BlvdAugustaGA 30912USA

Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and FGFR1 rearrangements(MLN-eo FGFR1)disease is derived from a pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell and has a complex presentation with a myeloproliferative disorder with or without eosinophilia and frequently presents with mixed lineage T-or *** myeloproliferative disease frequently progresses to AML and lymphoid neoplasms can develop into acute *** matter the cell type involved,or clinical presentation,chromosome translocations involving the FGFR1 k.nase and various partner genes,which leads to constitutive activation of downstream oncogenic signaling *** patients are not responsive to treatment regimens developed for other acute leuk.mias and survival is *** development of specific FGFR1 inhibitors has suggested an alternative therapeutic approach but resistance is lik.ly to evolve over *** models of this disease syndrome have been developed and are being used for preclinical evaluation of FGFR1 *** lines from these models have now been developed and have been used to investigate the mechanisms of resistance that might be expected in clinical *** far,a V561M mutation in the k.nases domain and deletion of PTEN have been recognized as leading to resistance and both operate through the PI3k.Ak. signaling *** of the important consequences is the suppression of PUMA,a potent enforcer of apoptosis,which operates through *** BCL2 in the resistant cells leads to suppression of leuk.mia development in mouse models,which potentially provides an opportunity to treat patients that become resistant to FGFR1 *** addition,elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying FGFR1-driven leuk.mias and lymphomas also provides new targets for combined treatment as another option to bypass the FGFR1 inhibitor resistance and improve patient outcome.

关键词： MLN-eo FGFR1 lymphomas FGFR1 mutations PTEN PUMA mouse models

Rapid accessibility evaluation for ballistic lunar capture via manifolds: A Gaussian process regression application

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Astrodynamics 2022年第4期6卷 375-397页

作者： Sandeep k.Singh john L.Junk.ns Manoranjan Majji Ehsan Taheri Department of Aerospace Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Aerospace Engineering Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

In this study,a supervised machine learning approach called Gaussian process regression(GPR)was applied to approximate optimal bi-impulse rendezvous maneuvers in the cis-lunar *** demonstrate the use of the GPR approximation of the optimal bi-impulse transfer to patch points associated with various invariant manifolds in the cis-lunar *** proposed method advances preliminary mission design operations by avoiding the computational costs associated with repeated solutions of the optimal bi-impulsive Lambert transfer because the learned map is computationally *** approach promises to be useful for aiding in preliminary mission *** use of invariant manifolds as part of the transfer trajectory design offers unique features for reducing propellant consumption while facilitating the solution of trajectory optimization *** ballistic capture coasts are also very attractive for mission guidance,navigation,and control robustness.A multi-input single-output GPR model is presented to represent the fuel costs(in terms of theΔV magnitude)associated with the class of orbital transfers of interest *** developed model is also proven to provide efficient *** multi-resolution use of local GPRs over smaller sub-domains and their use for constructing a global GPR model are also *** of the unique features of GPRs is that they provide an estimate of the quality of approximations in the form of covariance,which is proven to provide statistical consistency with the optimal trajectories generated through the approximation *** numerical results demonstrate our basis for optimism for the utility of the proposed method.

关键词： Gaussian process regression supervised learning invariant manifolds ballistic transfers Bayesian inference

Bacterial Sample Concentration and Culture Monitoring Using a PEG-Based Osmotic System with Inline Impedance and Voltammetry Measurements

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2019年第2期3卷 166-174页

作者： Martin k.k.mani john Mwangi Edgar D.Goluch Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA

Impedance measurements using graphite electrodes were used to detect the increase in culture medium conductivity due to bacteria growth in real time along with simultaneous voltammetric monitoring of pyocyanin *** methods were compared to conventional continuous monitoring of bacterial cultures using turbidity measurement at an optical density of 600 nm(OD600).A practical osmotic system was further designed for concentrating bacterial cultures during growth to enable earlier detection using the electrochemical *** cultures,starting from an initial culture density of 1×10^(8) cells/mL,were grown inside a sealed cellulose ester dialysis membrane,while polyethylene glycol in LB medium was used as the draw solution outside the membrane to gradually concentrate the growing cultures.0.7-mm-diameter graphite for mechanical pencils was utilized as work.ng and counter electrodes with a platinum wire reference electrode for electrochemical measurements with and without the osmotic *** the absence of forward osmosis,impedance meas-urements detected culture growth~1 h faster than conventional *** osmosis showed a twofold decrease in the time to detect pyocyanin production as an indicator for bacterial *** impedance monitoring,removal of water by osmosis was conflated with the impedance decrease due to cell growth;however,the results show a promising ability to detect bacteria growth via an observed shift in osmotic impedance profile when bacteria are present in a *** monitoring the deviation in the impedance profile,a threefold improvement in detection time was achieved when compared to conventional OD600 measurements.

关键词： Osmotic concentration Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacterial growth detection Impedance electrochemical monitoring Forward osmosis