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Mg/MgO interfaces as efficient hydrogen evolution cathodes causing accelerated corrosion of additive manufactured Mg alloys:A DFT analysis

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 110-119页

作者： Man-Fai Ng Kai Xiang Kuah Teck leong Tan Daniel john Blackwood Department of Materials Science&Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117575Republic of Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)1 Fusionopolis Way#16-16 ConnexisSingapore 138632Republic of Singapore

The corrosion rates of additive-manufactured Mg alloys are higher than their as-cast counterparts,possibly due to increased kinetics for the hydrogen evolution reaction on secondary phases,which may include oxide *** Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy demonstrated that MgO inclusions could act as cathodes for Mg corrosion,but their low conductivity likely precludes ***,the density of state calculations through density functional theory using hybrid HSE06 functional revealed overlapping electronic states at the Mg/MgO interface,which facilitates electron transfers and participates in redox *** determination of the hydrogen absorption energy at the Mg/MgO interface reveals it to be an excellent catalytic site,with HER being found to be a factor of 23x more efficient at the interface than on metallic *** results not only support the plausibility of the Mg/MgO interface being an effective cathode to the adjacent anodic Mg matrix during corrosion but also contribute to the understanding of the enhanced cathodic activities observed during the anodic dissolution of magnesium.

关键词： Magnesium Magnesium oxide Interface Hydrogen evolution DFT

Knowledge and attitudes towards the use of histological assessments in ulcerative colitis by gastroenterologists vs pathologists

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第2期29卷 378-389页

作者： Aviv Pudipeddi Caroline Fung Britt Christensen Robert V Bryant Kavitha Subramaniam john Chetwood Sudarshan Paramsothy Rupert W leong Gastroenterology and Liver Services Concord Repatriation General HospitalSydney 2139Australia Faculty of Medicine and Health Concord Clinical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydney 2138Australia Department of Anatomical Pathology Concord Repatriation General HospitalSydney 2139Australia Department of Gastroenterology Royal Melbourne HospitalMelbourne 3050Australia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Queen Elizabeth HospitalAdelaide 5011Australia Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Canberra HospitalCanberra 2605Australia Australian National University Medical School Australian National UniversityCanberra 2601Australia Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Macquarie University HospitalSydney 2109Australia

BACKGROUND Histological remission is increasingly accepted as a treatment endpoint in the management of ulcerative colitis(UC).However,the knowledge of histology guidelines and the attitudes towards their use in clinical practice by gastroenterologists and pathologists is *** To evaluate the knowledge of histology guidelines and attitudes towards the use of histology in UC by gastroenterologists and *** A prospective,cross-sectional nationwide survey of gastroenterologists and pathologists who analyse UC specimens was *** survey consisted of 34 questions to assess gastroenterologists’and pathologists’knowledge(score out of 19)and attitudes towards histological assessment in *** questions were formulated using the European Crohn’s and Colitis position paper on histopathology and the British Society of Gastroenterology biopsy reporting *** included knowledge of histological assessment of disease activity and dysplasia,knowledge of histological scoring systems for ulcerative colitis,uptake of histology scoring systems in routine practice,attitudes towards the role of histological activity,and the use of histological activity in clinical *** Of 89 responders(77 gastroenterologists,12 pathologists),there was almost universal acceptance that histological assessment should form part of UC evaluation[95%gastroenterologists,92%pathologists].However,gastroenterologists reported that 92%of their pathologists do not use a histological scoring *** of a formal histological scoring system was preferred by 77%of gastroenterologists and 58%of *** groups lacked awareness of the Geboes Score,Nancy Index and Robarts Histopathological Index scoring systems with 91%,87%,and 92%of gastroenterologists respectively;and 83%,83%,and 92%pathologists respectively,being uncertain of scoring systems’remission *** knowledge score was not significantly different between gastroenterologist

关键词： Histology Scoring system Ulcerative colitis Survey

Proton pump inhibitor use increases mortality and hepatic decompensation in liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第33期25卷 4933-4944页

作者： Marianne Anastasia De Roza Lim Kai Jia Wen Kam Yiong Huak Chan Andrew Kwek Tiing leong Ang john Chen Hsiang Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Changi General HospitalSinghealth 529889Singapore Clinical Trials and Research Unit Changi General HospitalSinghealth 529889Singapore Biostatistics Unit Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 160608Singapore

BACKGROUND Proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)are widely prescribed,often without clear *** are conflicting data on its association with mortality risk and hepatic decompensation in cirrhotic ***,PPI users and PPI exposure in some studies have been poorly defined with many confounding *** To examine if PPI use increases mortality and hepatic decompensation and the impact of cumulative PPI dose *** Data from patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were extracted from a hospital database between 2013 to *** users were defined as cumulative defined daily dose(cDDD)≥28 within a landmark period,after hospitalisation for hepatic *** regression analysis for comparison was done after propensity score *** risk of hepatic decompensation was analysed by Poisson *** Among 295 decompensated cirrhosis patients,238 were PPI users and 57 were *** users had higher mortality compared to non-users[adjusted HR=2.10,(1.20-3.67);P=0.009].Longer PPI use with cDDD>90 was associated with higher mortality,compared to non-users[aHR=2.27,(1.10-5.14);P=0.038].PPI users had a higher incidence of hospitalization for hepatic decompensation[aRR=1.61,(1.30-2.11);P90 increases the risk of mortality.

关键词： Proton pump inhibitor Liver cirrhosis Mortality Hospitalisation Complications Portal hypertension Variceal bleeding Ascites Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hepatic encephalopathy

Epstein Barr virus-positive mucocutaneous ulcer of thecolon associated Hodgkin lymphoma in Crohn＇s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第19期21卷 6072-6076页

作者： Moran, Neil R. Webster, Bradley Lee, Kenneth M. Trotman, Judith Kwan, Yiu-Lam Napoli, john leong, Rupert W. Concord Repatriat Gen Hosp Gastroenterol Serv Sydney NSW 2137 Australia Concord Repatriat Gen Hosp Dept Pathol Sydney NSW 2137 Australia Concord Repatriat Gen Hosp Dept Haematol Sydney NSW 2137 Australia Pennant Hills Endoscopy Sydney NSW 2120 Australia

Epstein Barr virus （EBV） positive mucocutaneous ulcers（EBVMCU） form part of a spectrum of EBV-associatedlymphoproliferative disease. They have been reportedin the setting of immunosenescence and iatrogenicimmunosuppression, affecting the oropharyngeal mucosa,skin and gastrointestinal tract （GIT）. Case reports andseries to date suggest a benign natural history respondingto conservative management, particularly in the GIT. Wereport an unusual case of EBVMCU in the colon, arisingin the setting of immunosuppression in the treatment ofCrohn＇s disease, with progression to Hodgkin lymphoma18 mo after cessation of infliximab. The patient presentedwith multiple areas of segmental colonic ulceration,histologically showing a polymorphous infiltrate withEBV positive Reed-Sternberg-like cells. A diagnosisof EBVMCU was made. The ulcers failed to regressupon cessation of infliximab and methotrexate for 18mo. Following commencement of prednisolone for herCrohn＇s disease, the patient developed widespreadHodgkin lymphoma which ultimately presented as alife-threatening lower GIT bleed requiring emergencycolectomy. This is the first report of progression ofEBVMCU to Hodgkin lymphoma, in the setting of ongoingiatrogenic immunosuppression and inflammatory boweldisease.

关键词： Epstein Barr virus Mucocutaneous ulcer Hodgkin lymphoma Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease

Phytoplankton diversity in a tropical bay,North Borneo,Malaysia as revealed by light microscopy and Next-Generation Sequencing

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第12期41卷 142-151页

作者： Brian Wei Khong Chong Sandric Chee Yew leong Victor SKuwahara Teruaki Yoshida Unit for Harmful Algal Bloom Studies Borneo Marine Research InstituteUniversiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia St.john’s Island National Marine Laboratory Tropical Marine Science InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119227Singapore Faculty of Education&Graduate School of Science and Engineering Soka UniversityHachiojiTokyo 192-8577Japan

Assessments of phytoplankton diversity in Sabah waters,North Borneo,have primarily relied on morphology-based identification,which has inherent biases and can be ***-Generation Sequencing(NGS)technology has been shown to be capable of overcoming several limitations of morphology-based *** were collected from the Sepanggar Bay over the course of the year 2018 in different monsoon ***-based identification and NGS sequencing of the V8–V9 region of the 18S LSU rDNA were used to investigate the diversity of the phytoplankton *** and NGS showed complementary results with more diatom taxa detected by microscopy whereas NGS detected smaller and rarer *** harmful algal genera in the study site comprised of Skeletonema,Margalefidinium,Pyrodinium,Takayama,and Alexandrium as detected by *** study showed that that an integrative approach of both morphological and molecular techniques could provide more comprehensive information about the phytoplankton community as the approach captured quantitative variability as well as the diversity of phytoplankton species.

关键词： phytoplankton community Next-Generation Sequencing(NGS) Sabah South China Sea

cyclopiazonic acid增加SHR和WKY血管平滑肌细胞Ca^(2+)-依赖性外向K^+-电流

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中国药理学通报 1993年第4期9卷 257-260页

作者：关永源 john Zhang Lee RMKW Kwan cy Daniel EE 中山医科大学药理教研室 Section of Neurosurgery Medical CenterThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60637 USA Smooth Musele Research Program Departments of Anacthesia and Biomedical SciencesMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntario Canada L8N 3Z5

采用全细胞及细胞贴附式斑片钳技术记录自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和Wistar-Kyoto对照鼠(WKY)培养主动脉平滑肌细胞的Ca^(2+)-依赖性外向K^+电流[I_(k(Ca))],测定肌浆网Ca^(2+)泵抑制剂CPA对其影响.CPA能增加I_K(Ca))单通道开放时间,缩短关... 详细信息

采用全细胞及细胞贴附式斑片钳技术记录自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和Wistar-Kyoto对照鼠(WKY)培养主动脉平滑肌细胞的Ca^(2+)-依赖性外向K^+电流[I_(k(Ca))],测定肌浆网Ca^(2+)泵抑制剂CPA对其影响.CPA能增加I_K(Ca))单通道开放时间,缩短关闭时间,增加全细胞I_(K(Ca))幅度,这些作用与Ca^(2+)相关并可被K^+通道阻断药glybenclamide阻断。CPA作用在SHR和WKY之间无明显差异。结果提示高血压状态下血管平滑肌的功能改变可能与I_(K(Ca))无关。

关键词： CPA 钾离子通道血管平滑肌细胞

Micro-architectural and nano-mechanical properties of trabecular bone with strontium treatment in osteoporotic goats

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Micro-architectural and nano-mechanical properties of trabec...

Investigating missing sources of glyoxal over China using a regional air quality model (RAMS-CMAQ)

International Conference on Osteoporosis and Bone Research 2008

作者： William W.Lu Peter K.Y.Chiu Wing Moon Lam Kenneth M.C.Cheung David Fang john C.Y.leong Keith D.K.Luk Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology The University of Hong Kong The Open University of Hong Kong Hong KongChina

＜正＞Introduction:Strontium （Sr） is one of the most exciting concepts in the field of osteoporosis treatment by concomitantly inhibiting bone resorption and enhancing bone ***,we developed a Sr fortified calcium ...

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 108-118页

作者： Jialin Li Meigen Zhang Guiqian Tang Fangkun Wu Leonardo M.A. Alvarado Mihalis Vrekoussis Andreas Richter john P. Burrows State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPQ) Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP)Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100029 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing IUP University of Bremen D-28203 Bremen Germany Center of Marine Environmental Sciences MARUM University of Bremen D-28203 Bremen Germany Energy Environment and Water Research Center the Cyprus Institute CY2121 Nicosia Cyprus

Currently, modeling studies tend to significantly underestimate observed space-based glyoxal （CHOCHO） vertical column densities （VCDs）, implying the existence of missing sources of giyoxal. Several recent studies suggest that the emissions of aromatic compounds and molar yields of glyoxal in the chemical mechanisms may both be underestimated, which can affect the simulated glyoxal concentrations. In this study, the influences of these two factors on glyoxal amounts over China were investigated using the RAMS-CMAQ modeling system for January and July 2014. Four sensitivity simulations were performed, and the results were compared to satellite observations. These results demonstrated significant impacts on glyoxal concentrations from these two factors. In case 1, where the emissions of aromatic compounds were increased three-fold, improvements to glyoxal VCDs were seen in high anthropogenic emissions regions. In case 2, where molar yields of glyoxal from isoprene were increased five-fold, the resulted concentrations in July were B-B-fold higher, achieving closer agreement between the modeled and measured glyoxal VCDs. The combined changes from both cases 1 and 2 were applied in case B, and the model succeeded in further reducing the underestimations of glyoxal VCDs. However, the results over most of the regions with pronounced anthropogenic emissions were still underestimated. So the molar yields of giyoxal from anthropogenic precursors were considered in case 4. With these additional mole yield changes （a two-fold increase）, the improved concentrations agreed better with the measurements in regions of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Yellow River in January but not in July.

关键词： Glyoxal Volatile organic compounds Molar yields RAMS-CMAQ China

Polypeptide analysis for nanopore-based protein identification

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Nano Research 2022年第11期15卷 9831-9842页

作者： Mazdak Afshar Bakshloo Safia Yahiaoui Fabien Piguet Manuela Pastoriza-Gallego Régis Daniel Jérôme Mathé john J.Kasianowicz Abdelghani Oukhaled cy Cergy Paris Université CNRSLAMBE95000CergyFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay Univ EvryCNRSLAMBE91025Evry-CourcouronnesFrance University of South Florida Dept.of PhysicsTampaFL 33620USA Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies Universität FreiburgFreiburg 79104Germany

Presently,proteins are identified by cleaving them with proteases,measuring the mass to charge ratio of the fragments with a mass spectrometer,and matching the fragments to segments within known proteins in *** earlier demonstrated that a nanometer-scale pore formed by aerolysin(AeL)can discriminate between,and therefore identify,three similar size proteins from their trypsin-cleaved polypeptide *** this nanopore-protease method,the protein’s identity is instead determined from characteristic ionic current blockade patterns caused by the polypeptide fragments that enter the *** results also suggested that not all of the theoretically expected cleavage products partition into the *** better understand the mechanism by which polypeptide fragments are captured,and how different polypeptides reduce the pore’s ionic current,we studied the effects of 11 identical length polypeptides with different net charges and charge *** show that under certain experimental conditions,negative,positive,and neutral polypeptides are driven into the AeL pore by the same applied voltage *** capture rate and dwell time of polypeptides in the pore depend strongly on the ionic strength,the magnitude of the applied voltage,and the net charge and charge distribution of the *** dwell time distribution depends nonmonotonically on the applied voltage(regardless of the polymer’s net charge),and its maximum value depends on the polypeptide net charge and charge *** maximum dwell time for different polypeptides does not occur at the same applied voltage amplitude,which conceivably might complicate the detection and discrimination of some polypeptide *** additional experiments,computer simulations,and artificial intelligence research are needed to better understand how to optimize the partitioning of enzymatically cleaved fragments into the AeL nanopore,the method is still capable of accurately identifying

关键词： protein identification nanopores trypsin enzymatic degradation