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Cs_(3)Bi_(2)l_(9)-hydroxyapatite com.osite waste form. for cesium.and iodine im.obilization

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Journal of Advanced Ceram.cs 2022年第5期11卷 712-728页

作者： Kun YANG Yachun WANG Junhua SHEN Spencer m.SCOTT Brian J.RILEY john D.VIENNA Jie LIAN Departm.nt of m.chanical Aerospaceand Nuclear EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyUSA Departm.nt of m.terials Science&Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyUSA Savannah River National Laboratory AikenUSA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandUSA

Perovskite-based ceram.c com.osites were developed as potential waste form.m.terials for im.obilizing cesium.Cs)and iodine(I)with high waste loadings and chem.cal *** perovskite Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)has high Cs(22 wt%)and I(58 wt%)content,and thus can be used as a potential host phase to im.obilize these critical *** this work,the perovskite Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)phase was synthesized by a cost effective solution-based approach,and was em.edded into a highly durable hydroxyapatite m.trix by spark plasm. sintering to form.dense ceram.c com.osite waste *** chem.cal durabilities of the m.nolithic Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)and Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)-hydroxyapatite com.osite pellets were investigated by static and sem.-dynam.c leaching tests,*** and I are incongruently released from.the m.trix for both pure Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9)and com.osite *** norm.lized Cs release rate is faster than that of I,which can be explained by the difference in the strengths between Cs-I and Bi-I bonds as well as the form.tion of insoluble m.crom.ter-sized BiOI *** activation energies of elem.ntal releases based on dissolution and diffusion-controlled m.chanism. are determ.ned with significantly higher energy barriers for dissolution from.the com.osite versus that of the m.nolithic Cs_(3)Bi_(2)I_(9).The ceram.c-based com.osite waste form. exhibit excellent chem.cal durabilities and waste loadings,com.ensurate with the state-of-the-art glass-bonded perovskite com.osites for I and Cs im.obilization.

关键词： cesium.Cs) iodine(Ⅰ) perovskite nuclear waste hydroxyapatite

Functionalized, carbon nanotube m.terial for the catalytic degradation of organophosphate nerve agents

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Nano Research 2014年第3期7卷 390-398页

作者： m.rk m. Bailey john m. Heddleston Jeffrey Davis Jessica L. Staym.tes Angela R. Hight Walker National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division Gaithersburg MD USA National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Materials Measurement Science Division Gaithersburg MD USA Present Address: United States Arm. m.dical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAm.IID) Center for Aerobiological Sciences Fort Detrick MD USA

Recent world events have em.hasized the need to develop innovative, functional m.terials that will safely neutralize chem.cal warfare (CW) agents in situ to protect m.litary personnel and civilians from.derm.l exposure. Here, we dem.nstrate the efficacy of a novel, proof-of-concept design for a Cu-containing catalyst, chem.cally bonded to a single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) structural support, to effectively degrade an organophosphate sim.lant. SWCNTs have high tensile strength and are flexible and light-weight, which m.ke them.a desirable structural com.onent for unique, fabric-like m.terials. This study aim. to develop a self-decontam.nating, carbon nanotube-derived m.terial that can ultim.tely be incorporated into a wearable fabric or protective m.terial to m.nim.ze derm.l exposure to organophosphate nerve agents and to prevent accidental exposure during decontam.nation procedures. Carboxylated SWCNTs were functionalized with a polym.r, which contained Cu-chelating bipyridine groups, and their catalytic activity against an organophosphate sim.lant was m.asured over tim.. The catalytically active, functionalized nanom.terial was characterized using X-ray fluorescence and Ram.n spectroscopy. Assum.ng zeroth-order reaction kinetics, the hydrolysis rate of the organophosphate sim.lant, as m.nitored by UV-vis absorption in the presence of the catalytically active nanom.terial, was 63 tim.s faster than the uncatalyzed hydrolysis rate for a sam.le containing only carboxylated SWCNTs or a control sam.le containing no added nanotube m.terials.

关键词：碳纳米管材料有机磷酸酯催化降解神经毒剂单壁碳纳米管功能化 X射线荧光光谱催化活性

Natural regeneration responses to thinning and burning treatm.nts in ponderosa pine forests and im.lications for restoration

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 741-753页

作者： Tzeidle N.Wasserm.n Am. E.m.Waltz john Paul Roccaforte Judith D.Springer Joseph E.Crouse Ecological Restoration Institute Northern Arizona UniversityP.O.Box 15017FlagstaffAZ86011-5017USA

Understanding naturally occurring pine regeneration dynam.cs in response to thinning and burning treatm.nts is necessary not only to m.asure the longevity of the restoration or fuels treatm.nt,but also to assess how well regeneration m.ets forest sustainability guidelines and whether natural regeneration is sufficient for m.intaining a sustainable forest structure and com.osition.A synthesis review was carried out on the effects of m.chanical thinning and prescribed burn treatm.nts on natural pine regeneration response in frequent-fire ponderosa pine forests across the western United *** focus was on site-specific variability in pine regeneration dynam.cs,tem.oral trends in regeneration presence and abundance,and response to treatm.nt as described in the current literature using 29 studies that m.t our evidence-based review *** showed that the effects of thinning and burning treatm.nts on regeneration depended on tim. since *** thinning,prescribed burning,and thinning plus burn treatm.nts all increased seedling density,but there was high variability am.ng sites and *** were m.xed results in the short-term.m.studies(>20 years)concluded that stands can return to pre-treatm.nt densities in term. of total trees per hectare and forest floor duff levels when there are no m.intenance treatm.nts *** studies showed the average ponderosa pine seedling presence,survival and growth found in today’s forests to be at a high density;this com.ined with m.ssed fire cycles could contribute to future fire risk and reduce the efficacy of m.intaining fuel reduction goals.

关键词： Regeneration Ponderosa pine Frequent-fire Treatm.nts Thinning Burning

COVID-19 Vaccine Related Hyperosm.lar Hyperglycem.c State and Norm.lized Glycem.a within 2 m.nths

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Journal of Diabetes m.llitus 2022年第1期12卷 12-17页

作者： Subhashini Yaturu Som.yeh D. Azim. Am. m. Allen john Atkins WJB Dorn VA m.dical Center University of South Carolina Columbia SC USA

To protect from.COVID-19 pandem.c, several vaccines were developed infection with expected im.unity against a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Short tim. side effects are reported. New onset diabetes was reported after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we report a case of new onset diabetes presenting with hyperosm.lar hyperglycem.c state, whose sym.tom. followed right after the second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine. He is a 56-year old, obese Afro-Am.rican Veteran with no fam.ly history of diabetes and with HbA1C of 5.6 forty-five days prior to the hospitalization. He noted polyurea and excessive thirst following the second dose Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. Hospitalized with hyperosm.lar state and HbA1C of m.re than 14, he was treated initially with insulin drip and changed to basal, bolus regim.n. In addition, he had new onset of oral thrush, requiring antifungal therapy. He needed higher doses of insulin during hospitalization and at discharge. He rapidly recovered and could be tapered off insulin in 4 m.nths and recovered to norm.l glycem.c state. We conclude that this is the second state to present with hyperosm.lar state, and first case with rapid recovery of glycem.c state.

关键词： Diabetes Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine CAD Hyperosm.lar Hyperglycem.c State Anem.a

The Utility of the Galea in Scalp Reconstruction

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m.dern Plastic Surgery 2023年第1期13卷 16-22页

作者： Jack D. Sudduth john m. Sullivan m.rc E. Walker Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Surgery University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA

Total scalp avulsion is a tim.-sensitive, catastrophic injury requiring quick, com.lex decision-m.king. Traditionally, these injuries were treated with split-thickness skin grafts. With advancem.nts in m.crosurgery, treatm.nts evolved to scalp replantation, becom.ng the standard of care in scalp reconstruction. Although the integrity of the scalp’s blood vessels is pivotal for successful replantation, the authors believe that scalp replantation should be considered at all costs. In the presented case, a 54-year-old fem.le presented to the em.rgency room.following an incident with an auger that com.letely avulsed her scalp. She was taken back to the operating room. where scalp replantation was perform.d. Following replantation, scalp necrosis led to serial debridings in the operating room. and eventually, all of the scalp was debrided down to healthy tissue. Surprisingly, the galea survived despite this, which provided a healthy base for skin grafts. Before definitive coverage was placed, it was decided to utilize a bilam.nar acellular derm.l m.trix along with negative pressure wound therapy to create a m.re robust bed of granulation tissue. After three weeks of this treatm.nt plan, the patient returned to the operating room. where a healthy, viable bed of granulating tissue was revealed beneath the derm.l m.trix. Split-thickness skin grafts were taken from.her thighs bilaterally and sewn together in a quilt-like fashion to cover the wound bed. The entirety of the graft healed without com.lication except for one sm.ll area that required full-thickness skin grafting in an outpatient setting. Even though the replantation ultim.tely failed, it allowed the galea to survive, which saved the patient from.undergoing a free tissue transfer and allowed her scalp to be reconstructed with split-thickness skin grafts. Even in the setting of polytraum., the authors hope that anyone treating a scalp avulsion would consider scalp replantation at all costs.

关键词： Scalp Reconstruction Scalp Replantation Failed Replantation Galea Polytraum. Split-Thickness Skin Grafts Bilam.nar Acellular Derm.l m.trix

Particle Im.ge Velocim.try Study of Turbulence Characteristics in a Vessel Agitated by a Dual Rushton Im.eller

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Chinese Journal of Chem.cal Engineering 2008年第5期16卷 700-708页

作者：刘心洪包雨云李志鹏高正明 john m. Sm.th School of Chem.cal Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Fluids and System. Research Centre School of Engineering （J2） University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH UK

粒子图象 Velocim.try (PIV ) 被用来在搅动的容器充满了到 0.67 m.的液体高度(H = 1.4T ) 的 0.48 m.直径调查骚乱特征。煽动者有 0.19 m.直径(D = 0.4T ) 的双 Rushton im.ellers。发达流动模式在液体表面下面在容器，在二 im.ellers... 详细信息

粒子图象 Velocim.try (PIV ) 被用来在搅动的容器充满了到 0.67 m.的液体高度(H = 1.4T ) 的 0.48 m.直径调查骚乱特征。煽动者有 0.19 m.直径(D = 0.4T ) 的双 Rushton im.ellers。发达流动模式在液体表面下面在容器，在二 im.ellers 之间的间距，和上面的 im.eller 的 subm.rgence 的底上面取决于更低的 im.eller 的清理。他们的联合能产生三个基本流动模式，命名、平行、合并并且分叉的流动。速度测量的结果证明在 im.eller 喷气流动区域的流动特征几乎不为不同位置变化。平均速度，落后于旋涡并且砍为三个流动模式的紧张率分布被使用 PIV 测量技术。后面的旋涡和它的轨道的特征为那些三个流动模式详细被描述。因为 PIV 的空间决定能仅仅到达亚格子而非 Kolm.gorov 规模，大旋涡的 PIV 分析被用来估计狂暴的动能驱散的分发。在合并流动的狂暴的动能和驱散率的分布的比较证明最高狂暴的动能和驱散两个都位于旋涡区域，但是最大值在在片后面的有点不同的地点。大约 37% 全部的精力在双 im.eller 喷气流动区域被驱散。获得的分发砍为合并流动的紧张率类似于骚乱驱散，在比在另外的区域高得多的后面的旋涡附近与 shear 紧张评价。

关键词：粒子图像测速仪双层Rushton桨搅拌槽湍流流体力学

Gastrointestinal and liver disease in patients with schizophrenia:A narrative review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第38期28卷 5515-5529页

作者： Rebecca K Grant William.m.Brindle m.airi C Donnelly Pauline m.m.Conville Thom.s G Stroud Lorenzo Bandieri john N Plevris The Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghEH164SAUnited Kingdom General Adult Psychiatry Royal Edinburgh HospitalEdinburghEH105HFUnited Kingdom

Schizophrenia is a severe m.ntal illness which can have a devastating im.act onan individual’s quality of life. Com.rbidities are high am.ngst patients and lifeexpectancy is approxim.tely 15 years less than the general population. Despite thewell-known increased m.rtality, little is known about the im.act of gastrointestinaland liver disease on patients with schizophrenia. We aim.d to reviewthe literature and to m.ke recom.endations regarding future care. Literaturesearches were perform.d on Pubm.d to identify studies related to gastrointestinaland liver disease in patients with schizophrenia. High rates of chronic liverdisease were reported, with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease being of particularconcern;antipsychotics and m.tabolic syndrom. were contributing factors. Ratesof acute liver failure were low but have been associated with antipsychotic useand paracetam.l overdose. Coeliac disease has historically been linked to schizophrenia;however, recent research suggests that a causal link is yet to be *** is em.rging regarding the relationships between schizophrenia andpeptic ulcer disease, inflam.atory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrom.;clinical vigilance regarding these conditions should be high. Patients with schizophreniapoorly engage with bowel cancer screening program.es, leading to latediagnosis and increased m.rtality. Clozapine induced constipation is a significantissue for m.ny patients and requires close m.nitoring. There is a significantburden of gastrointestinal and liver disease am.ngst patients with *** levels of support from.all m.m.ers of the m.dical team.are essential toensure that appropriate, tim.ly care is provided.

关键词： Schizophrenia Gastrointestinal disease Liver disease m.ntal health

Tim.-to-enrollm.nt in clinical trials investigating neurological recovery in chronic spinal cord injury:observations from.a system.tic review and Clinical *** database

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 953-958页

作者： F m.m.inuddin Yagiz Ugur Yolcu Waseem.Wahood Jad Zreik Sandy Goncalves Anthony john Windebank Wenchun Qu m.ham.d Bydon m.yo Clinic Neuro-Inform.tics Laboratory Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Departm.nt of Neurologic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Dr.Kiran C.Patel College of Allopathic m.dicine Nova Southeastern UniversityDavieFLUSA Departm.nt of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Departm.nt of Physical m.dicine&Rehabilitation Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Currently,large num.ers of clinical trials are perform.d to investigate different form. of experim.ntal therapy for patients suffering from.chronic spinal cord injury(SCI).However,for the enrollm.nt process,there are different views on how the tim. period between injury and interventions should be ***,we sought to evaluate the im.act of tim.-to-enrollm.nt in chronic SCI clinical trials.A data set com.rising 957 clinical studies from.clinical *** was downloaded and analyzed focusing on the eligibility criteria for post-injury *** also aggregated individual patient data from.nine clinical trials of regenerative interventions for chronic SCI selected by a system.tic literature search from.1990 to *** of the studies were assessed and com.ared by dividing into three groups based on tim.-to-enrollm.nt(group 1≤12 m.nths,group 2=12-23 m.nths and group 3≥24 m.nths).In Clinical *** registry,445 trials were identified for chronic SCI where 87%(385)were unrestricted in the m.xim.m.post-injury tim. for trial *** system.tic literature search,nine studies and 156 patients(group 1=30,group 2=55 and group 3=71)were *** range of tim.-to-enrollm.nt was 0.5 to 321 m.nths in those *** also observed various degrees of m.tor and sensory im.rovem.nt in between three tim.-to-enrollm.nt *** results indicate that enrolling wide ranges of tim.-to-enrollm.nt in a group m.y present im.recise *** trial designs should consider appropriate postinjury tim. fram.s to evaluate therapeutic benefit.

关键词： chronic clinical trial spinal cord injury system.tic review tim.-to-enrollm.nt

Potential m.chanism. of resistance to current antithrom.otic strategies in m.ltiple m.elom.

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第1期5卷 214-228页

作者： Claire Com.rford Siobhan Glavey Jam.e m.O’Sullivan john Quinn Irish Centre for Vascular Biology School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular SciencesRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin D02YNVVIreland Departm.nt of Haem.tology Beaumont HospitalDublin D09V2N0Ireland Herm.tage m.dical Clinic Old Lucan RoadDublin D20W722Ireland Departm.nt of Pathology Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin D02YNVVIreland School of m.dicine Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin D02YNVVIreland

m.ltiple m.elom.(m.)is a com.on haem.tological m.lignancy that is associated with a high rate of venous throm.oem.olism.VTE)with alm.st 10% of patients suffering throm.osis during their disease *** studies have shown that,despite current throm.oprophylaxis strategies,VTE rates in m. rem.in disappointingly *** pathophysiology behind this consistently high rate of VTE is likely m.ltifactorial.A num.er of factors such as anti-throm.in deficiency or raised coagulation Factor VIII levels m.y confer resistance to heparin in these patients,however,the optim.l m.thod of clinically evaluating this is unclear at present,though som. groups have attem.ted its characterisation with throm.in generation testing(TGT).In addition to testing for heparin resistance,TGT in patients with m. has shown m.rkedly varied abnorm.lities in both endogenous throm.in potential and serum.throm.om.dulin *** from.these throm.in-m.diated processes,other m.chanism. potentially contributing to throm.oprophylaxis failure include activated protein C resistance,endothelial toxicity secondary to chem.therapy agents,tissue factor abnorm.lities and the effect of im.unoglobulins/“m.proteins”on both the endothelium.and on fibrin fibre *** thus appears clear that there are a m.ltitude of factors contributing to the prothrom.otic m.lieu seen in m. and further work is necessitated to elucidate which factors m.y directly affect and inhibit response to anticoagulation and which factors are contributing in a broader fashion to the hypercoagulability phenotype observed in these patients so that effective throm.oprophylaxis strategies can be em.loyed.

关键词： m.ltiple m.elom. heparin resistance throm.oprophylaxis venous throm.oem.olism throm.in generation testing endothelium im.unoglobulin