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Key challenges and approaches to addressing barriers in forest carbon offset projects

Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1109-1122页

作者： Chunyu Pan Anil Shrestha john linnes Guomo Zhou Nuyun Li Jinliang Li Yeyun He Chunguang Sheng john-ONiles Guangyu Wang Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia2424 Main MallVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Zhejiang Prov Key Lab of Carbon Cycling Forest Ecosystem Zhejiang A&F UniversityLinan 311300People’s Republic of China China Green Carbon Foundation No.18Hepingli DongjieBeijing 100714People’s Republic of China College of Economics and Management Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China University of California San Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaSan DiegoCA 92093USA

Forest carbon offset(FCO)projects play an increasingly important role in mitigating climate change through market mechanisms in both compliance and voluntary ***,there are challenges and barriers to developing an FCO project,such as carbon leakage and cost-eff *** have been few attempts to summarize and synthesize all types and aspects of existing challenges and possible solutions for FCO *** paper systematically reviews and discusses the current challenges involved in developing FCO projects,and then draws on the experience and lessons of existing projects to show how those challenges were addressed in world-leading voluntary carbon standards,namely the Verifi ed Carbon Standard,the American Carbon Registry,the Climate Action Reserve,and Plan *** voluntary markets have rich experience in FCO projects and are responsible for a signifi cant share of the *** the 53 publications used in this analysis,three broad thematic categories of challenges *** were related to methodology,socio-economic implications,and *** challenges,particularly additionality,permanence,and leakage,were the focus of 46%of the selected research papers,while socio-economic challenges,including transaction,social,and opportunity costs,were addressed by 35%.The remaining 19%of the research articles focused on implementational challenges related to monitoring,reporting,and verifi *** voluntary standards adequately addressed most of the methodological and implementational barriers by adopting various ***,the standards did not adequately address socio-economic issues,despite these being the second most frequently discussed theme in the papers *** research is clearly needed on the socio-economic challenges involved in the development of FCO *** the development of high-quality forestry carbon off set projects,there are many challenges and no simple,universal recipe for addressi

关键词： Forest carbon Offset schemes Market mechanisms Challenges Opportunities

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Alleviating forest degradation in the Lancang-Mekong Region requires closing management—measurement gaps

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2033-2051页

作者： Julia Brewer James Douglas Langston Kalifi Ferretti-Gallon john linnes Shuyu Xin Hongbo Zhai Guangyu Wang Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia2424 Main MallVancouverBCCanada APFNet Secretariat 6th FloorBaoneng Center Building A12 Futong DongdajieChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100102P.R.China

Deforestation and forest degradation are having profound negative impacts on social-ecological systems in the emerging economies across the ***,interest in restoring and rehabilitating degraded forests has been *** paper explores current issues related to addressing forest degradation in the Lancang-Mekong Region(LMR)of Southeast Asia through a review of the use of criteria and indicators for forest degradation and *** degradation must be understood in the context of its underlying drivers,which are numerous and *** these underlying drivers of degradation requires diagnosing the entwined political,social,economic,and environmental systems that aff ect *** are the relevant scales to diagnose and intervene for improved *** to restore or rehabilitate forests should be process-driven,focused on the underlying social,ecological and political processes that degrade *** should also include negotiation among all actors infl uencing and competing for natural resource claims in forest *** and indicators for forest landscape restoration should therefore help to improve the governance of forest *** and indicators provide measures of the biophysical outcomes of degradation,in addition to processes,but these should be adapted to changing contexts and emerging challenges,and should rectify any pre-existing fl awed *** activities should synthesize,integrate,and build upon the rich history of pre-existing restoration guidelines,but should be adaptable in order to be applied eff ectively in the contexts of local *** project is facilitating a dialogue around the use of criteria and indicators to help solve the degradation challenge in the *** will trial the use of the criteria and indicators generated through this research in the LMR to learn what works and what doesn’*** will provide an opportunity t

关键词： Forest rehabilitation Forest restoration Forest landscape restoration Sustainable forest management Criteria and indicators

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