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A physically active lifestyle is related to a lower level of skin autofluorescence in a large population with chronic-disease(LifeLines cohort)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 260-265页

作者： Saskia Corine van de Zande Jeroen Klaas de Vries Inge van den Akker-Scheek johannes Zwerver Andries Jan Smit Department of Internal Medicine Division of Vascular MedicineUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9700 RBthe Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine Antonius Hospital SneekSneek8601 ZKthe Netherlands Department of Orthopaedics University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9700 RBthe Netherlands Center for Human Movement Sciences University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen9700 RBthe Netherlands Sports Valley Gelderse Vallei HospitalEde6716 RPthe Netherlands

Background:Physical activity(PA)has substantial health benefits and is important in combatting chronic diseases,which have been associated with elevated levels of advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs).AGEs play a role in the aging process,and an association between PA and AGEs has been *** aimed to investigate the relationship between PA and AGE accumulation in a general population and in a population with chronic ***:This large cross-sectional population study used data from adult participants in the LifeLines project,with participant information drawn from the LifeLines database as well data from patients with diabetes mellitus or renal and/or cardiovascular *** AGE accumulation was assessed non-invasively by skin-autofluorescence(SAF)using an AGE reader(DiagnOptics Technologies BV,Groningen,the Netherlands).PA was assessed using the short questionnaire to assess health-enhancing physical activity(SQUASH).Multivariate linear regression analyses were adjusted for age,body mass index,sex,and smoking ***:Data from 63,452 participants(general population n=59,177,chronic disease n=4275)were *** general population was significantly younger(43.58±11.77 years,mean±SD)and had significantly lower SAF(1.90±0.42 arbitrary units(AU))compared to the population with chronic disease(age:55.51±12.07 years;SAF:2.27±0.51 AU).In the group with chronic disease,more hours of moderate to vigorous physical activities per week were associated with lower SAF(β=-0.002,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-0.002 to-0.001).For the general population,there was no association between hours of moderate to vigorous activity and SAF(β=3.2×10^(-5),95%CI:0.000-0.001,p=0.742).However,there was an association in the general population between total hours of PA per week and SAF(β=4.2×10^(-4),95%CI:0.000-0.001,p<0.001),but this association was not found in the chronic disease population(β=-3.2×10^(-4),95%CI:-0.001 to 0.000,p=0.347).Conclusion:Our study demons

关键词： Advanced glycation endproducts Chronic disease population General population Physical activity Skin autofluorescence

On the applicability of the single parabolic band model to advanced thermoelectric materials with complex band structures

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Journal of Materiomics 2021年第3期7卷 603-611页

作者： johannes de Boor Institute of Materials Research German Aerospace Center(DLR)51147KoelnGermany

Due to the complex interplay between composition,synthesis parameters and the performance of thermoelectric materials,the optimization of thermoelectric materials needs to be complemented by modelling.A relatively simple and thus popular approach is the so called single parabolic band model,which allows for an efficient optimization of the material properties and a benchmarking of different materials based on relatively few,well available experimental *** complex band structures are common for high performance materials,single parabolic band modelling is also employed with apparent success for material systems where the underlying assumptions are not well *** order to assess the validity of a single parabolic band analysis for such systems,the thermoelectric properties for two model systems are calculated:one with a single band that is twofold degenerate and one with a light and a heavy *** if the density of states masses and the scattering potentials are kept identical,the transport properties and in particular the Hall coefficients differ significantly,which leads to an incorrectly determined carrier *** the carrier concentration is the base for the single parabolic band analysis,all the quantities obtained from it(optimum carrier concentration,effective mass,deformation potential)are determined incorrectly as well.

关键词： Thermoelectrics Electrical transport Single parabolic band model

Safety and efficacy of purified clinoptilolite-tuff treatment in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea:Randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第46期28卷 6573-6588页

作者： Karolina Anderle Michael Wolzt Gabriele Moser Bettina Keip johannes Peter Claudia Meisslitzer Ghazaleh Gouya Michael Freissmuth Cornelius Tschegg Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department of Internal Medicine III Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMedical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Glock Health Science and Research GmbHDeutsch-Wagram 2232Lower AustriaAustria Gouya Insights Vienna 1010Austria Institute of Pharmacology and the Gaston H.Glock Research Laboratories for Exploratory Drug Development Center of Physiology and PharmacologyMedical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder with poor response to *** with predominant diarrhea(IBS-D)is accompanied by abdominal pain as well as high stool frequency and *** clinoptilolite-tuff(PCT),which is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use as a dietary supplement with the brand name G-PUR®,has previously shown therapeutic potential in other indications based on its physical adsorption *** To assess whether symptoms of IBS-D can be ameliorated by oral treatment with *** In this randomized,placebo-controlled,double-blind pilot study,30 patients with IBS-D diagnosis based on Rome IV criteria were *** a 4-wk run-in phase,14 patients were randomized to receive a 12-wk treatment with G-PUR®(2 g three times daily),and 16 patients received *** relief from IBS-D symptoms as measured by the proportion of responders according to the Subject’s Global Assessment(SGA)of Relief was assessed as the primary *** the secondary outcomes,validated IBS-D associated symptom questionnaires,exploratory biomarkers and microbiome data were *** The proportions of SGA of Relief responders after 12 wk were comparable in both groups,namely 21%in the G-PUR®group and 25%in the placebo *** 4 wk of treatment,36%of patients in the G-PUR®group vs 0%in the placebo group reported complete or considerable *** improvement in daily abdominal pain was noted in 94%vs 83%(P=0.0353),and the median number of days with diarrhea per week decreased by 2.4 d vs 0.3 d in the G-PUR®and placebo groups,*** trends were observed for 50%of responders in the Bristol Stool Form *** trends were also noted for combined abdominal pain and stool consistency response and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire *** 64%in the G-PUR®group compared to 86%in the placebo group required rescue medication intake during the *** microbiome

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Diarrhea Functional gastrointestinal disorder Clinoptilolite Zeolite Treatment

The molecular mechanism of shade avoidance in crops--How data from Arabidopsis can help to identify targets for increasing yield and biomass production

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第6期16卷 1244-1255页

作者： TANG Yun-jia johannes Liesche College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 P.R.China Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid lands Northwest A &F University Yangling 712100 P.R. China

In order to prevent or counteract shading,plants enact a complex set of growth and developmental adaptations when they sense a change in light quality caused by other plants in their *** shade avoidance response（SAR）typically includes increased stem elongation at the expense of plant fitness and yield,making it an undesirable trait in an agricultural *** the molecular factors involved in SAR can potentially improve productivity by increasing tolerance to higher planting ***,most of the investigations of the molecular mechanism of SAR have been carried out in Arabidopsis thaliana,and it is presently unclear in how far results of these investigations apply to crop *** this review,current data on SAR in crop plants,especially from members of the Solanaceae and Poaceae families,are integrated with data from Arabidopsis,in order to identify the most promising targets for biotechnological ***,which detect the change in light caused by neighboring plants,and early signaling components can be targeted to increase plant ***,they control various photomorphogenic processes not necessarily related to shade *** factors involved in SAR signaling could be better targets to specifically enhance or suppress *** integration from Arabidopsis and crop plants also indicates factors that could facilitate the control of specific aspects of *** are provided for the regulation of plant architecture,flowering induction and carbohydrate *** to-be-elucidated factors that control SAR-dependent changes in biotic resistance and cell wall composition are pointed *** review also includes an analysis of publicly available gene expression data for maize to augment the sparse molecular data available for this important species.

关键词： shade avoidance response phytochrome B Zea mays Solanum lycopersicum biomass carbon allocation

Brain size and urbanization in birds

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Chinese Birds 2015年第2期6卷 92-98页

作者： Anders Pape Moller johannes Erritzoe Laboratoire d’Ecologie Systématique et EvolutionCNRS UMR 8079Universite Paris-Sud Taps Old Rectory

Background: Brain size may affect the probability of invasion of urban habitats if a relatively larger brain entails superior ability to adapt to novel environments. However, once urbanized urban environments may provide poor quality food that has negative consequences for normal brain development resulting in an excess of individuals with small ***: Here we analyze the independent effects of mean, standard deviation and skewness in brain mass for invasion of urban habitats by 108 species of birds using phylogenetic multiple regression analyses weighted by sample ***: There was no significant difference in mean brain mass between urbanized and non-urbanized species or between urban and rural populations of the same species, and mean brain mass was not significantly correlated with time since urbanization. Bird species that became urbanized had a greater standard deviation in brain mass than non-urbanized species, and the standard deviation in brain mass increased with time since urbanization. Brain mass was significantly left skewed in species that remained rural, while there was no significant skew in urbanized species. The degree of left skew was greater in urban than in rural populations of the same species, and successfully urbanized species decreased the degree of left skew with time since urbanization. This is consistent with the hypothesis that sub-optimal brain development was more common in rural habitats resulting in disproportionately many individuals with very smal ***: These findings do not support the hypothesis that large brains promote urbanization, but suggest that skewness has played a role in the initial invasion of urban habitats, and that variance and skew in brain mass have increased as species have become urbanized.

关键词： Birds Brain mass Skewness in Brain Mass Standard deviation in Brain Mass Urbanization

Managing the Limbe Floods:Considerations for Disaster Risk Reduction in Cameroon

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第2期5卷 147-156页

作者： Roland Ndille johannes A.Belle Faculty of Arts University of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaSWRCameroon Disaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa University of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa

Cameroon has recorded disasters, both natural and man-made, in the past. The coastal city of Limbe and many other geographical locations are potential sites for future disasters. On the basis of interviews and related primary and secondary literature, this article looks at past occurrences of floods in Limbe, particularly those of 2001,and how the state and local authorities managed the challenge. Through this, it attempts an evaluation of state policies and the institutional structure for disaster risk reduction(DRR) and management in the country. The study reveals that Cameroon does not have a national disaster management structure and a national platform for DRR. Disaster related activities are lumped together with other civil protection responsibilities of the Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization(MINATD) despite the country’s commitment to the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015. Government interventions are more reactive than proactive although its strategy to disaster management indicates both disaster preparedness and emergency intervention and rehabilitation. The study concludes that the present strategy is bureaucratic,financially burdensome, and does not really achieve the essential goals of DRR in saving lives and reducing vulnerability. For DRR to be effective in Cameroon, a permanent disaster management unit with regional and local structures should be put in place independent of other branches of the Department of Disaster and Emergency Services of MINATD and with each level exercising a significant degree of operative autonomy. A national policy and framework with emphasis on DRR should be adopted in the country.

关键词： disaster floods Flood

Accelerating GW calculations through machine-learned dielectric matrices

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 437-445页

作者： Mario G.Zauchner Andrew Horsfield johannes Lischner Department of Materials Thomas Young CentreImperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK

The GW approach produces highly accurate quasiparticle energies,but its application to large systems is computationally challenging due to the difficulty in computing the inverse dielectric *** address this challenge,we develop a machine learning approach to efficiently predict density–density response functions(DDRF)in *** atomic decomposition of the DDRF is introduced,as well as the neighborhood density–matrix descriptor,both of which transform in the same way under *** resulting DDRFs are then used to evaluate quasiparticle energies via the GW *** assess the accuracy of this method,we apply it to hydrogenated silicon clusters and find that it reliably reproduces HOMO–LUMO gaps and quasiparticle energy *** accuracy of the predictions deteriorates when the approach is applied to larger clusters than those in the training *** advances pave the way for GW calculations of complex systems,such as disordered materials,liquids,interfaces,and nanoparticles.

关键词： materials dielectric quasi

Optical control of neuronal activities with photoswitchable nanovesicles

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1033-1041页

作者： Hejian Xiong Kevin AAlberto Jonghae Youn Jaume Taura johannes Morstein Xiuying Li Yang Wang Dirk Trauner Paul A.Slesinger Steven O.Nielsen Zhenpeng Qin Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTX 75080USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTX 75080USA Nash Family Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029USA Department of Chemistry New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10012USA Department of Bioengineering The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTX 75080USA Department of Surgery The University of Texas at Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75080USA Center for Advanced Pain Studies The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTX 75080USA

Precise modulation of neuronal activity by neuroactive molecules is essential for understanding brain circuits and ***,tools for highly controllable molecular release are ***,we developed a photoswitchable nanovesicle with azobenzene-containing phosphatidylcholine(azo-PC),coined‘azosome’,for *** with 365 nm light triggers the trans-to-cis isomerization of azo-PC,resulting in a disordered lipid bilayer with decreased thickness and cargo *** with 455 nm light induces reverse isomerization and switches the release ***-time fluorescence imaging shows controllable and repeatable cargo release within seconds(<3 s).Importantly,we demonstrate that SKF-81297,a dopamine D1-receptor agonist,can be repeatedly released from the azosome to activate cultures of primary striatal *** shows promise for precise optical control over the molecular release and can be a valuable tool for molecular neuroscience studies.

关键词： azobenzene photoswitch liposome controlled release neuromodulation

An Optimization Method in Inverse Elastic Scattering for One-Dimensional Grating Profiles

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第10期12卷 1434-1460页

作者： johannes Elschner Guanghui Hu Weierstrass Institute Mohrenstr.39Berlin 10117Germany

Consider the inverse diffraction problem to determine a two-dimensional periodic structure from scattered elastic waves measured above the *** formulate the inverse problem as a least squares optimization problem,following the two-step algorithm by *** and ***[Inverse Probl.,19(2003),315–329]for electromagnetic diffraction *** a method is based on the Kirsch-Kress optimization scheme and consists of two parts:a linear severely ill-posed problem and a nonlinear well-posed *** apply this method to both smooth(C2)and piecewise linear gratings for the Dirichlet boundary value problem of the Navier *** reconstructions from exact and noisy data illustrate the feasibility of the method.

关键词： Diffraction grating elastic waves profile reconstruction Tikhonov regularization optimization method