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Application of dynamic image analysis to the optical characterisation of fibrous bulk material

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 51-60页

作者： johannes Lunewski Eberhard Schmidt Institute of Particle Technology University of WuppertalGermany

Dynamic image analysis provides an automated evaluation method to determine the size and shape of multiple particles. This method represents a common application for ordinary bulk material. The latest draft of ISO 13322–2:2021 describes the state of the art, but lacks instructions for handling fibrous bulk material. Interlocking fibres complicate the measurement conditions and require a disentanglement of fibrous samples during a pre-dispersion step. A further error source includes the fibre orientation inside the measurement zone of the device. If the thresholding algorithm fails to differentiate between the fibre projection area and the background, a subsequent image optimisation solves the problem. This article addresses the mentioned problems by analysing cotton cellulose and polyacrylonitrile fibres. Besides the execution of a pre-dispersion step, the experiments compare the discrepancies between dry and wet dispersion. Here, the software packages PAQXOS and ImageJ perform the image evaluation. In this case, the wet dispersion setup with a subsequent image evaluation by ImageJ provides comprehensible results.

关键词： Bootstrap method Dynamic image analysis Fibre diameter Fibre length distribution Natural fibres Synthetic fibres

Immune consequences of exercise in hypoxia:A narrative review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 297-310,I0002页

作者： johannes Burtscher Qadar Pasha Neha Chanana Gregoire P.Millet Martin Burtscher Barbara Strasser Institute of Sport Sciences University of LausanneLausanne 1015Switzerland Institute of Hypoxia Research New Delhi 110067India Department of Biochemistry Jamia HamdardNew Delhi 110062India Department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruck 6020Austria Faculty of Medicine Sigmund Freud Private UniversityVienna 1020Austria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rehabilitation Research Vienna 1100Austria

Immune outcomes are key mediators of many health benefits of exercise and are determined by exercise type,dose(frequency/duration,intensity),and individual characteristics.Similarly,reduced availability of ambient oxygen(hypoxia)modulates immune functions depending on the hypoxic dose and the individual capacity to respond to hypoxia.How combined exercise and hypoxia(e.g.,high-altitude training)sculpts immune responses is not well understood,although such combinations are becoming increasingly popular.Therefore,in this paper,we summarize the impact on immune responses of exercise and of hypoxia,both independently and together,with a focus on specialized cells in the innate and adaptive immune system.We review the regulation of the immune system by tissue oxygen levels and the overlapping and distinct immune responses related to exercise and hypoxia,then we discuss how they may be modulated by nutritional strategies.Mitochondrial,antioxidant,and anti-inflammatory mechanisms underlie many of the adaptations that can lead to improved cellular metabolism,resilience,and overall immune functions by regulating the survival,differentiation,activation,and migration of immune cells.This review shows that exercise and hypoxia can impair or complement/synergize with each other while regulating immune system functions.Appropriate acclimatization,training,and nutritional strategies can be used to avoid risks and tap into the synergistic potentials of the poorly studied immune consequences of exercising in a hypoxic state.

关键词： Altitude Exercise Hypoxia Immune response Training

Wear dependent virtual flow rate sensor for progressing cavity pumps with deformable stator

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1346-1353页

作者： Jens Müller Sebastian Leonow johannes Schulz Christian Hansen Martin Monnigmann Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Universit atsstraûe 150Bochum44801Germany SEEPEX GmbH Scharnh olzstraûe 344Bottrop46240Germany

This contribution presents a novel wear dependent virtual flow rate sensor for single stage single lobe progressing cavity pumps. We study the wear-induced material loss of the pump components and the impact of this material loss on the volumetric efficiency. The results are combined with an established backflow model to implement a backflow calculation procedure that is adaptive to wear. We use a laboratory test setup with a highly abrasive fluid and operate a pump from new to worn condition to validate our approach. The obtained measurement data show that the presented virtual sensor is capable of calculating the flow rate of a pump being subject to wear during its regular operation.

关键词： Backflow Progressing cavity pump Virtual sensor Wear

Analysis of the Influence of Sound Source Position and Electrode Placement on the Stimulation Pattern of the Cochlear Implant under Noise Conditions: Optimization of Auditory Perceptual Effects

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第3期13卷 194-212页

作者： johannes Burkart School of Advanced Education Research and Accreditation Castell&#243n de la Plana Spain Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Mannheim Mannheim Germany

Background: Cochlear implants (CI) are widely used to restore hearing in people with severe to profound hearing loss. However, optimizing CI performance, especially in difficult listening environments with background noise, remains a major challenge. Understanding the influence of factors such as sound source position and electrode placement on CI stimulation patterns is critical to improving auditory perception. Methods: In this study, an analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of sound source position and electrode placement on CI stimulation patterns under noisy conditions. For this purpose, a special measurement setup with a CI speech processor-microphone test box was used to simulate realistic listening scenarios and measure CI performance. Results: The results show that the effectiveness of CI noise reduction systems is influenced by factors such as the position of the sound source and electrode placement. In particular, the beamforming ultra zoom mode showed significantly better noise reduction than the omnidirectional mode, especially under real listening conditions. Furthermore, differences in electrode responses indicate individual variability in the CI user experience, highlighting the importance of personalized fitting algorithms. Conclusions: The results demonstrate the importance of considering environmental factors and individual differences when optimizing CI performance. Future research efforts should focus on the development of personalized fitting algorithms and the exploration of innovative strategies, such as the integration of artificial intelligence, to improve CI functionality in different listening environments. This study contributes to our understanding of CI stimulation patterns and lays the foundation for improving auditory perception in CI users.

关键词： Cochlear Implants Noise Reduction Ultra Zoom Beamforming Anatomical Variations Personalized Fittings

Mitigating the impact of mechanisms causing neuronal degeneration

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Neuroprotection 2024年第1期2卷 1-3页

作者： Xunming Ji Piotr Walczak johannes Boltze Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders Capital Medical UniversityBejingChina Center for Advanced Imaging Research Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear MedicineUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA School of Life Sciences University of WarwickCoventryUK

Primary and secondary neurodegeneration is a pathological hallmark of numerous central nervous system(CNS)disorders.Although many mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration are well understood,previous approaches aiming at providing protection from neurodegeneration were often futile.A potential explanation may be that recent research discovered additional pathomechanisms leading to neurodegeneration.Thus,simply targeting single neurodegenerative mechanisms may only have minor therapeutic impact.Addressing multiple neurodegenerative mechanisms may be a more viable strategy.Moreover,the restoration of lost brain tissue turned out to be a very complex endeavor.1 Despite making some initial progress with the use of biocompatible scaffolds and hydrogels.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease extracellular vesicles intracranial pressure microglia neurodegeneration stem cells stress stroke vascular dementia

Reply to “Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency”

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 35-37页

作者： Feng Tao johannes Lehmann Ying-Ping Wang Lifen Jiang Bernhard Ahrens Kostiantyn Viatkin Stefano Manzoni Benjamin Z.Houlton Yuanyuan Huang Xiaomeng Huang Yiqi Luo Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Soil and Crop Sciences Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell University CSIRO Environment Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Global Development Cornell University Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University

In their commentary, Xiao et al.[1]cautioned that the conclusions on the critical role of microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) in global soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in the paper by Tao et al.[2] might be too simplistic.They claimed that Tao et al.’s study lacked mechanistic consideration of SOC formation and excluded important data sets.Xiao et al. brought up important points,which can be largely reconciled with our findings by understanding the differences in expressing processes in empirical studies and in models.

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Movement analysis in the diagnosis and management of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 485-486页

作者： johannes Burtscher Nicolas Bourdillon Jules MJanssen Daalen Aurélien Patoz Julien FBally Martin Kopp Davide Malatesta Bastiaan RBloem Institute of Sport Sciences University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Radboud University Medical Center Department of NeurologyDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviorCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement DisordersNijmegenThe Netherlands Radboud University Medical Center Department of Medical BioSciencesNijmegenThe Netherlands Research and Development Department Volodalen Swiss Sport LabAigleSwitzerland Service of Neurology Department of Clinical NeurosciencesLausanne University Hospital(CHUV)and University of Lausanne(UNIL)LausanneSwitzerland Department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria

Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease:Parkinson’s disease(PD)is an increasingly prevalent neurodegenerative disease,at first sight primarily characterized by motor symptoms,although non-motor symptoms also constitute a major part of the overall phenotype.Clinically,this disease cannot be diagnosed reliably until a large part of the vulnerable dopaminergic neurons has been irretrievably lost,and the disease progresses inexorably.New biological criteria for PD have been proposed recently and might eventually improve early diagnosis,but they require further validation,and their use will initially be restricted to a research environment(Darweesh et al.,2024).

关键词： diagnosis Clinical eventually

拟南芥HHP2基因对韧皮部蔗糖装载的调控功能

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西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第8期52卷 122-132,142页

作者：于修远徐启玉尹世娇陈少林 LIESCHE johannes 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院陕西杨凌712100 西北农林科技大学旱区生物质能研究中心陕西杨凌712100 西北农林科技大学旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室陕西杨凌712100

【目的】探究膜蛋白HHP2在韧皮部蔗糖装载中的作用与机制,为作物增产增效提供理论依据。【方法】利用多种生物信息学分析方法,对HHP2及其同源蛋白序列以及HHP2基因的转录表达谱进行分析,以预测其功能并发掘其他同源蛋白。使用荧光共聚... 详细信息

【目的】探究膜蛋白HHP2在韧皮部蔗糖装载中的作用与机制,为作物增产增效提供理论依据。【方法】利用多种生物信息学分析方法,对HHP2及其同源蛋白序列以及HHP2基因的转录表达谱进行分析,以预测其功能并发掘其他同源蛋白。使用荧光共聚焦显微镜对HHP2蛋白和蔗糖转运蛋白SUC2进行共定位分析,利用荧光共振能量转移试验检测HHP2与SUC2蛋白的互作,通过七叶树苷摄取试验检测HHP2对SUC2蛋白的直接影响。通过实时荧光定量PCR和Western-Blot试验,分析和比较hhp2突变体SUC2基因的转录水平和蛋白水平;利用离子色谱方法分析和比较hhp2突变体的韧皮部蔗糖输出效率;采用AlphaFold和Autodock软件,对HHP2蛋白结构及HHP2和蔗糖分子之间的潜在对接能力进行分析。【结果】HHP2同源蛋白共有5个保守模体和1个保守结构域。HHP2基因在拟南芥叶和茎等蔗糖输出器官中低表达,在根、花和种子等蔗糖需求器官中高表达。在本氏烟草远轴面表皮细胞中瞬时表达HHP2,发现其与SUC2蛋白共定位。HHP2与SUC2蛋白存在互作,且HHP2能抑制SUC2的蔗糖转运活性。HHP2缺失突变分析表明,HHP2是SUC2的负调控因子,HHP2缺失突变导致SUC2转录水平提高至6倍左右,蛋白水平提高至1.3倍左右,hhp2缺失突变体的蔗糖转运效率提高至2倍左右。分子对接分析表明,HHP2可能通过与蔗糖结合发挥其调控功能。【结论】HHP2是SUC2的负调控因子,参与调控植物体内蔗糖的转运与分配,可能是分子育种的潜在靶标。

关键词：拟南芥膜蛋白蔗糖转运调控因子

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新版附录1对无菌灌装的影响

流程工业 2024年第4期 12-13页

作者： johannes Rauschnabel 星德科

2023年8月25日对于全球制药行业来说是非常重要的一天,新版EU GMP附录1《无菌药品生产》(以下简称新版附录1)于这一天正式生效。该文件对无菌灌装操作具有深远影响。对于新版附录1的生效,制药生产企业需要思考哪些问题?设备供应商(如星... 详细信息

2023年8月25日对于全球制药行业来说是非常重要的一天,新版EU GMP附录1《无菌药品生产》(以下简称新版附录1)于这一天正式生效。该文件对无菌灌装操作具有深远影响。对于新版附录1的生效,制药生产企业需要思考哪些问题?设备供应商(如星德科)又该如何帮助促进该文件的落实呢?

关键词：无菌生产无菌灌装屏障技术质量风险管理污染控制策略