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Health 2013年第12期5卷 2022-2031页

作者： Belinda Thandizo Gombachika johanne sundby Department of Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine Institute of Health and Society University of Oslo Oslo Norway Kamuzu College of Nursing University of Malawi Blantyre Malawi

Availability of antiretroviral therapy and prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV programmes have increased childbearing decisions in people living with HIV. However, pregnancy decisions of married women living with HIV have not been adequately reported in Malawi. In order to provide information to inform the development of antiretroviral and family planning services targeted to the unique needs of women living with HIV, this study explored pregnancy decisions of women living with HIV in rural southern Malawi. Twenty in-depth interviews on married women living with HIV selected purposively were conducted in two antiretroviral clinics of patrilineal Chikhwawa and matrilineal Chiradzulu districts in 2010. With their pregnancy and child rearing experiences, the women who got pregnant after a positive HIV diagnosis decided to never get pregnant again. Their lived experiences of motherhood when living with HIV play a major role in their pregnancy decisions despite free access to antiretroviral therapy, which has improved the quality of their life’s and survival. Societies in Malawi must accept this behavioural change by married women living with HIV and their needs for family planning. Health care workers must be knowledgeable and sensitive about it and assist women living with HIV who are willing to adapt their pregnant decisions based on living experiences.

关键词： Contraceptives Decisions HIV/AIDS Malawi Pregnancy

Maternal and obstetric risk factors for low birth weight and preterm birth in rural Gambia: a hospital-based study of 1579 deliveries

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011年第3期1卷 94-103页

作者： Abdou Jammeh johanne sundby Siri Vangen 不详

Introduction: Low birth weight and prematurity are risk factors for perinatal morbidity and mortality, which is high in Sub Saharan African countries. We determined the frequency of and maternal and obstetric risk factors for low birth weight and preterm birth among hospital births in rural Gambia. Method: We performed a hospital-based retrospective analysis of deliveries from July to December 2008 in two rural hospitals. Maternity records were reviewed and abstracted of the mother’s demographic and reproductive characteristics, obstetric complications and foetal outcome. The maternity records contain important information maternal health and complications during pregnancy and intrapartum period. The records also contain information about the newborn’s vital status and birth weight. To determine the association between low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB) and maternal demographic characteristics and obstetric complications we calculated odds using logistic regression. Main outcome measure(s): Low birth weight (<2500 grams) and preterm birth (<37 weeks). Results: Our final sample included 1244 singleton live births with complete information about all variables. The rate of LBW and PTB were 10.5% and 10.9% respectively. Ninety-four percent of LBW infants were estimated to be preterm births. The mean birth weight was 3013 g (541 g standard deviation-SD), while the mean gestational age was 37 weeks. The pattern of risk factors was similar for LBW and PTB and both were strongly associated with antepartum haemorrhage and hypertensive pregnancy disorders. Additionally, primi parity was a risk factor for both PTB and LBW. Conclusion: The percentage of low birth weight and preterm birth in rural hospitals in The Gambia is high. The most significant risk factors were those that may be detected during the antepartum period. Thus, vigilant monitoring during pregnancy, early detection and management of obstetric complications coupled with provision of timely obstetric car

关键词： Adverse Birth Outcomes Low Birth Weight Preterm the Gambia

Omics Approaches to Identify PotentialBiomarkers of Inflammatory Diseases in the FocalAdhesion Complex

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第2期15卷 101-109页

作者： johanne Brooks Alastair Watson Tamas Korcsmaros Gut Health and Food Safety Institute Strategic Programme Institute of Food Research Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UA United Kingdom Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7T J United Kingdom Gastroenterology Department Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital Norwich NR4 7UY United Kingdom Earlham Institute Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UZ United Kingdom

Inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) require recurrent invasive tests, including blood tests, radiology, and endoscopic evaluation both to diagnose and assess disease activity, and to determine optimal therapeutic strategies. Simple ‘bedside’ biomarkers could be used in all phases of patient management to avoid unnecessary investigation and guide further management. The focal adhesion complex(FAC) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple inflammatory diseases, including IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Utilizing omics technologies has proven to be an efficient approach to identify biomarkers from within the FAC in the field of cancer medicine. Predictive biomarkers are paving the way for the success of precision medicine for cancer patients, but inflammatory diseases have lagged behind in this respect. This review explores the current status of biomarker prediction for inflammatory diseases from within the FAC using omics technologies and highlights the benefits of future potential biomarker identification approaches.

关键词： Focal adhesion complex Biomarkers Inflammation Omics Systems biology

Novel insights for improving the therapeutic safety and efficiency of mesenchymal stromal cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第12期12卷 1474-1491页

作者： Mehdi Najar johanne Martel-Pelletier Jean Pierre Pelletier Hassan Fahmi Department of Medicine University of MontrealOsteoarthritis Research UnitUniversity of Montreal Hospital Research Center(CRCHUM)MontrealQC H2X 0A9Canada

Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)have attracted great interest in the field of regenerative *** can home to damaged tissue,where they can exert pro-regenerative and anti-inflammatory *** therapeutic effects involve the secretion of growth factors,cytokines,and ***,the functions of MSCs could be mediated by extracellular vesicles(EVs)that shuttle various signaling *** preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated promising therapeutic results,the efficiency and the safety of MSCs need to be *** transplantation,MSCs face harsh environmental conditions,which likely dampen their therapeutic efficacy.A possible strategy aiming to improve the survival and therapeutic functions of MSCs needs to be *** preconditioning of MSCs ex vivo would strength their capacities by preparing them to survive and to better function in this hostile *** this review,we will discuss several preconditioning approaches that may improve the therapeutic capacity of *** stated above,EVs can recapitulate the beneficial effects of MSCs and may help avoid many risks associated with cell *** a result,this novel type of cell-free therapy may be safer and more efficient than the whole cell *** will,therefore,also discuss current knowledge regarding the therapeutic properties of MSC-derived EVs.

关键词： Cell-therapy Mesenchymal stromal cells Safety Extracellular vesicles Efficiency Preconditioning

Optimal configuration problem identification of electrical power cable in tidal turbine farm via traveling salesman problem modeling approach

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第2期7卷 289-296页

作者： johanne Tomine VARTDAL Raad Yahya QASSIM Borge MOKLIEV Guttorm UDJUS Eduardo GONZáLEZ-GORBENA Ocean Engineering Department Center of TechnologyBl.Croom 205Cidade Universita′riaCOPPEFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Norwegian University of Science and Technology-NTNU NO-7491Trondheim UniversityTrondheimNorway Center of Marine and Environmental Research University of AlgarveCampus GambelasEd.78005-139 FaroPortugal

Electrical power cables in tidal turbine farms contribute a significant share to capital expenditure(CAPEX). As a result, the routing of electrical power cables connecting turbines to cable collector hubs must be designed so as to obtain the least cost *** is referred to as a tidal cable routing problem. This problem possesses several variants depending on the number of cable collector hubs. In this paper, these variants are modeled by employing the approach of the single depot multiple traveling salesman problem(mTSP) and the multiple depot mTSP of operational research for the single and multiple cable collector variants, respectively. The developed optimization models are computationally implemented using MATLAB. In the triple cable collector cable hub variant, an optimal solution is obtained, while good-quality suboptimal solutions are obtained in the double and single cable collector hub variants. In practice,multiple cable collector hubs are expected to be employed as the multiple-hub configurations tend to be more economic than the single-hub *** has been confirmed by this paper for an optimal tidal turbine layout obtained with OpenTidalFarm. Suggestions are presented for future research studies comprising a number of heuristics.

关键词： Tidal turbine cable routing problem Tidal current energy Traveling salesman problem Cable collector hub Optimization

The Simultaneous Repression Of CCR and CAD, Two Enzymes of the Lignin Biosynthetic Pathway, Results in Sterility and Dwarfism in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 70-82页

作者： johanne Thevenin Brigitte Pollet Bruno Letarnec Luc Saulnier Lionel Gissot Alessandra Maia-Grondard Catherine Lapierre Lise Jouanin Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin (IJPB) INRA-AgroParisTech UMR1318 78026 Versailles Cedex France Unite de Recherche 1268 Biopolymeres Assemblages Interactions (BIA) INRA BP71627 44316 Nantes Cedex 03 France Laboratoire Commun de Cytologie et d'lmagerie Vegetale IJPB INRA-AgroParisTech UMR1318 78026 Versailles France Plateau technique de Chimie du vegetal IJPB INRA-AgroParisTech UMR1318 78026 Versailles France

Cinnamoyl CoA reductase （CCR） and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase （CAD） catalyze the last steps of mono- lignol biosynthesis. In Arabidopsis, one CCR gene （CCR1, Atlg15950） and two CAD genes （CAD C At3g19450 and CAD D At4g34230） are involved in this pathway. A triple cad c cad d ccrl mutant, named ccc, was obtained. This mutant displays a severe dwarf phenotype and male sterility. The lignin content in ccc mature stems is reduced to 50% of the wild-type level. In addition, stem lignin structure is severely affected, as shown by the dramatic enrichment in resistant inter-unit bonds and incorporation into the polymer of monolignol precursors such as coniferaldehyde, sinapaldehyde, and ferulic acid. Male sterility is due to the lack of lignification in the anther endothecium, which causes the failure of anther de- hiscence and of pollen release. The cc~ hypolignified stems accumulate higher amounts of flavonol glycosides, sinapoyl malate and feruloyl malate, which suggests a redirection of the phenolic pathway. Therefore, the absence of CAD and CCR, key enzymes of the monolignol pathway, has more severe consequences on the phenotype than the individual absence of each of them. Induction of another CCR （CCR2, Atlg80820） and another CAD （CAD1, At4g39330） does not compensate the absence of the main CCR and CAD activities. This lack of CCR and CAD activities not only impacts lignification, but also severely affects the development of the plants. These consequences must be carefully considered when trying to reduce the lignin content of plants in order to facilitate the lignocellulose-to-bioethanol conversion process.

关键词： Arabidopsis auxin Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase (CAD) Cinnamoyl CoA Reductase (CCR) cell wall dwarfism lignins phenolics sterility.

Peripheral Blood Flow Intensity in Maternal Kidneys and Correlation with Blood Pressure

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2020年第3期2卷 141-147页

作者： Jensen Eva johanne Leknes Nohr Ellen Aagaard Scholbach Thomas Torbjørn Moe Eggebø National Center for Fetal Medicine St.Olavs HospitalTrondheim University HospitalTrondheim 7030Norway Research Unit for Gynecology and Obstetrics Institute of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense 5000Denmark Centre for Women’s Family and Child HealthUniversity of South-Eastern NorwayKongsberg 3603Norway Ultrasound Institute Leipzig 04229Germany Institute of Clinical and Molecular Medicine Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim 7030Norway Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Stavanger University HospitalStavanger 4019Norway

Objective:This article aimed to compare the peripheral blood flow intensity(BFI)in the maternal right and left kidney in uncomplicated third trimester pregnancies and to study possible associations between parenchymal BFI in the kidneys and maternal,labor and new-born ***:We conducted a prospective cohort study in third trimester pregnancies at Trondheim University Hospital,Norway,from January to April *** BFI in the maternal kidneys was examined with color Doppler ultrasound and the peripheral BFI was calculated using the Pixel Flux-method which is a method based on pixel wise calculation of color in an *** was coded by the color bar in the ultrasound *** peripheral BFI was calculated as the product of velocity and area encoded by all colored pixels divided by all pixels within the cortical layer by a software examining the color in each pixel of a standardized region of interest of the renal parenchyma in video-clips through a complete heart ***(cm/s)was thus calculated as follows:Results:In all,51 pregnant women were included in the study,but 17 were excluded,mainly due to movement artifacts from the pulsating aorta,leaving 34 women in the final study *** found significantly lower BFI in the cortex of the left kidney compared with the right kidney,0.37 cm/s versus 0.69 cm/s,respectively(P=0.04).Dividing into regions,the BFI was significantly lower in the proximal 25%of the left renal cortex compared to the corresponding right side(P=0.01),and in the proximal 50%cortex(P=0.02),but the differences were not significantly different in the distal 25%(P=0.06)or in the distal 50%(P=0.20)of the renal ***:The BFI in the left renal cortex was lower compared with the right renal cortex,and BFI in the left renal cortex was negatively correlated with blood pressure,but not significantly correlated with maternal age,body mass index or newborn *** did not observe any significant correlations

关键词： Ultrasonography,Doppler Pregnancy Renal blood flow Pre-eclampsia Pixel Flux method

Nurses’ Role and Experiences as Group-Leaders in a Group Intervention for Women after Gynecological Cancer

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Open Journal of Nursing 2016年第3期6卷 239-247页

作者： Ragnhild johanne Tveit Sekse Margrethe Elin Vika Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway

Aim: The aim of this study is to provide insight into nurses’ role and their experiences of leading an education and counselling group intervention for women after gynecological cancer. Methods: A qualitative study, based on focus group interview and logs from nurses who led the intervention, was conducted. Findings: The group leaders were touched by the women’s community and were given a deeper understanding of lived experiences after cancer. These insights raised the group-leaders’ understanding of nursing and influenced them to sharpen focus on patient care and priorities in cancer care and follow-up. Being a group-leader meant creating a trusting and secure atmosphere in which the individual woman’s own coping resources was strengthened and empowered. Equally important, the nurses worked continuously and substantially on themselves to build strength and endurance related to situations that called for competent leadership. Conclusion: Being competent in group leadership and having knowledge in the field of cancer are important qualifications for group leaders. Practice Implications: The study shows that nurses gain valuable insight and knowledge about women’s lived experiences of going through gynecological cancer, cancer treatment and rehabilitation. As such, this intervention seems to be educational for nurses, as well as for participants.

关键词： Gynecological Cancer Nurses’ Experiences Nurse-Led Intervention Rehabilitation

Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistant of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Diarrheal Patients——Six PLADs,China,2016−2020

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China CDC weekly 2021年第29期3卷 615-619页

作者： Haihong Han Sara MPires johanne Ellis-Iversen Zhen Tang Xiaoai Zhang Jikai Liu Weiwei Li Qingpo Cui Jing Zou Ping Fu Yunchang Guo National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit(No.2019RU014)China National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijingChina Risk Benefit Research Group Division of DietDisease Prevention and ToxicologyNational Food InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark Global Capacity Building Division of Global SurveillanceLyngbyDenmark Jiangsu Center for Disease Prevention and Control NanjingJiangsuChina Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control Institute for Nutrition and HygieneBeijingChina Beijing Zoom Tech Science and Technology Co. LtdBeijingChina

Summary What is already known on this topic?Vibrio parahaemolyticus(***)is frequently resistant to common antimicrobials such as ampicillin and generally highly susceptible to most clinically used *** is added by this... 详细信息

关键词： Prevalence parahaemolyticus parahaemolyticus

Effect of Geogenic Lead on Fungal and Collembolan Communities in Garden Topsoil

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土壤圈：英文版 2018年第2期28卷 215-226页

作者： Sophie JOIMEL Hervé CAPIAUX Christophe SCHWARTZ Mickael HEDDE Thierry LEBEAU Cécile LE GUERN johanne NAHMANI Céline PERNIN Sandrine SALMON Lucia SANTORUFO Béatrice BECHET Jérome CORTET Université de Lorraine Laboratoire Sols et Environnement UMR 1120 Vandceuvre-lès-Nancy 54500 (France) INRA Laboratoire Sols et Environnement UMR 1120 Vandceuvre-lès-Naney 54500 (France) UMR ECOSYS INRA AgroParisTech Universitè Paris-Saclay Thiverval-Grignon 78850 (France) Plateforme d'Analyse Moléculaire Biodiversitg-Environnement IUT Ggnie Biologique La Roche sur Yon 85035 (France) Institut de Recherche sur les Sciences et Techniques de la Ville (IRSTV) CNRff 2488 Ecole Centrale de Nantes 1 rue de la Noē Nantes 44321 (France) Laboratoire Plandtologie & Gdodynamique Nantes Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques 2 rue de la Houssinière Nantes 44322 (Franee) Bureau de Reeherches Gdologiques et Minières (BRGM) Regional Geological Survey Direction Régionale des Pays de la Loire 1 rue des Saumonières Nantes 44000 (France) UMR CEFE 5175 Universitd de Montpellier EPHE Université Paul-Valdry Montpellier Montpellier 34199 (France) Université Lille 1 EA 4515 Laboratoire Gdnie Civil & Géo Environnement Villeneuve D'Ascq 59655 (France) Musdum National d'Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7179 4 Avenue du Petit-Chateau Brunoy 91800 (France) Department of Biology University of Naples Federico Ⅱ Via Cinthia Naples 80126 (Italy) French Institut of Science and Technology for Transport Development and Networks Water and Environment Laboratory Route de Bouaye Bouguenais 44344 (France)

Geogenic lead (Pb) is considered to be less bioavailable than anthropogenic Pb and exerts less effect on the soil fauna. However,Pb contamination in vegetables has been reported in the case of geogenic anomalies, even at moderate concentrations (around 170 mgkg^(-1)). In this study, we investigated collembolan communities using both taxonomic- and trait-based approaches and observed fungal communities to assess the effects of a moderate geogenic Pb anomaly on collembolans and fungi in an urban vegetable garden *** indicated that geogenic Pb indeed modified fungi communities and altered the functional structure of collembolan communities in garden soils. Although geogenic Pb presented low bioavailability, it affected soil fauna and vegetables similar to anthropogenic Pb.

关键词： functional diversity functional trait soil fauna soil food web vegetable garden urban soil