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Dietary zinc and metallothionein on small intestinal disaccharidases activity in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第3期17卷 354-360页

作者： Cuong D Tran johanna Cool Cory J Xian Gastroenterology Unit ChildrenYouth and Women's Health Service Discipline of Physiology School of Medical SciencesThe University of Adelaide Discipline of Agricultural and Animal Science School of AgricultureFood and Wine The University of Adelaide Adelaide Sansom Institute for Health Research School of Pharmacy and Medical SciencesUniversity of South Australia

AIM: To examine the effect of increasing dietary zinc (Zn) intake and the lack of metallothionein (MT) expression on activity of small intestinal disaccharidases. METHODS: MT-Ⅰ and Ⅱ knockout (MT-/-) and wild-type (MT+/+) female mice at 3.5 wk of age were randomly fed with a diet containing 2 (2 Zn), 15 (15 Zn) or 50 (50 Zn) mg Zn/kg (n = 8/group/genotype) for 5 wk. Small intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) were collected and either fixed in 10% formalin for histological analysis or snap frozen in liquid nitrogen for sucrase, lactase and maltase activity ***: Plasma Zn was significantly (P < 0.05) lower (33%) in MT-/- compared with MT+/+ mice fed the 2 Zn diet. Villus height and crypt depth were increased by approximately 15% in MT+/+ mice compared with MT-/- mice. Duodenal disaccharidase activities were significantly higher in MT+/+ compared with MT-/- mice particularly in those fed the 2 Zn diet. For the 50 Zn diet, jejunal sucrase and lactase activities were significantly higher in MT-/- (13 313 ± 2314; 4107 ± 364 μmol glucose/well/min/g tissue, respectively) compared with MT+/+ mice (7054 ± 608; 1818 ± 174). Similarly, ileal lactase activities were higher in MT-/- (1480 ± 192) compared with MT+/+ (629 ± 353) mice particularly those fed the 2 Zn diet. CONCLUSION: Increasing dietary Zn has little effect on disaccharidases activity in MT wild-type mice. The presence of MT may enhance morphological and functional development of the gut.

关键词：雌性小鼠金属硫蛋白活性分析蔗糖酶小肠膳食锌十二指肠

Is the higher rate of parental child homicide in stepfamilies an effect of non-genetic relatedness？

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Current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 253-259页

作者： Hans TEMRIN johanna NORDLUND Mikael RYING Birgitta S. TULLBERG Department of Zoology Stockholm University SE- 106 91 Stockholm Sweden Department of Health Sciences Mid Sweden University SE-851 70 Sundsvall Sweden

In an evolutionary perspective individuals are expected to vary the degree of parental love and care in relation to the fitness value that a child represents. Hence, stepparents are expected to show less solicitude than genetically related parents, and this lack of genetic relatedness has been used to explain the higher frequencies of child abuse and homicide found in stepfamilies. However, other factors than non-genetic relatedness may cause this over-representation in stepfamilies. Here we use a 45-year data set of parental child homicides in Sweden to test two hypotheses related to the higher incidence in stepfamilies: 1) adults in different types of family differ in their general disposition to use violence, and 2) parents are more likely to kill stepchildren than genetically related children. Of the 152 perpetrators in biparental families there was an overrepresentation of perpetrators in step-families (n=27) compared with the general population. We found support for the first hypothesis in that both general and violent crime rates were higher in stepfamilies, both in the general population and among perpetrators of child homicide. However, we found no support for the second hypothesis because of the 27 perpetrators in stepfamilies the perpetrator killed a genetically related child in 13 cases, a stepchild in 13 cases and both types of children in one case. Moreover, out of the 12 families where the perpetrator lived with both stepchildren and genetic children, there was no bias towards killing stepchildren. Thus, we found no evidence for an effect of non-genetic relatedness per se.

关键词：凶杀案父母儿童基因关联因素犯罪行为肇事者遗传性

Analysis of human brain tissue derived from DBS surgery

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 625-640页

作者： Salla M.kangas Jaakko Teppo Maija J.Lahtinen Anu Suoranta Bishwa Ghimire Pirkko Mattila johanna Uusimaa Markku Varjosalo Jani katisko Reetta Hinttala PEDEGO Research Unit University of OuluOuluFinland Medical Research Center Oulu University HospitalUniversity of OuluOuluFinland Biocenter Oulu University of OuluOuluFinland Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Drug Research Program Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFin-land Neurosurgery Research Unit of Clinical NeuroscienceOulu University HospitalUniversity of OuluOuluFinland Oulu Research Group of Advanced Surgical Technologies and Physics(ORGASTP) Research Unit of Clinical NeuroscienceOulu University HospitalUniversity of OuluOuluFinland Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland(FIMM) HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Clinic for Children and Adolescents Division of Pediatric NeurologyOulu University HospitalOuluFinland

Background:Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of human brain tissue is hindered by the availability of fresh samples from living *** samples usually represent the advanced disease stage of the ***-thermore,the postmortem interval can affect the transcriptomic and proteomic ***,fresh brain tissue samples from living patients represent a valuable resource of metabolically intact *** of deep brain stimulation(DBS)electrodes into the human brain is a neurosurgical treatment for,e.g.,movement ***,we describe an improved approach to collecting brain tissues from surgical instruments used in implantation of DBS device for transcriptomics and proteomics ***:Samples were extracted from guide tubes and recording electrodes used in routine DBS implantation procedure to treat patients with Parkinson’s disease,genetic dystonia and *** sequencing was performed in tissues extracted from the recording microelectrodes and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)per-formed in tissues from guide *** assess the performance of the current approach,the obtained datasets were compared with previously published datasets representing brain ***:Altogether,32,034 RNA transcripts representing the unique Ensembl gene identifiers were detected from eight samples representing both hemispheres of four *** using LC-MS,we identified 734 unique proteins from 31 samples collected from 14 *** datasets are available in the BioStudies database(accession number S-BSST667).Our results indicate that surgical instruments used in DBS installation retain brain material sufficient for protein and gene expression *** with previously published datasets obtained with similar approach proved the robustness and reproducibility of the ***:The instruments used during routine DBS surgery are a useful source for obtaining fresh brain tis-sues from living patien

关键词： Deep brain stimulation Movement disorders Brain Proteomics Transcriptomics RNA sequencing LC-MS Personalized medicine

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Lock Foot Syndrome

上海针灸杂志 2000年第S1期19卷 85-87页

作者： johanna Brand M.D.ofJBQl-Gong International A/S Owner of Qigong A/S Research

Local perceptions of climate change and adaptation needs in the Ifugao Rice Terraces (Northern Philippines)

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山地科学学报（英文） 2017年第8期14卷 1455-1472页

作者： Mario A.SORIANO Jr. johanna DIWA Srikantha HERATH Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability United Nations University School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University

The Ifugao Rice Terraces in the Philippines is recognized worldwide as a sustainable landscape where humans live in harmony with nature. The success of the Ifugao Rice Terraces largely depends on the attunement of local farmers to their environment and their ability to adapt to perceived changes, as manifested in their complex body of traditional ecological and climatic knowledge. This paper examines the local perceptions on climate change and other challenges to sustainability through focus group discussions with farmers and traditional knowledge holders. Our main findings can be summarized as follows:(i) Ifugao farmers were able to observe climatic changes in recent years, and these changes were intimately linked with broader environmental and socio-cultural changes in the Ifugao social-ecological system;(ii) The climatic changes qualitatively observed by the farmers were in agreement with trends in datasets commonly used in scientific assessments, although this agreement depends on the spatial and temporal resolution of the dataset, and the type of statistical analysis performed, and;(iii) The Ifugaos stressed the importance of traditional knowledge and culture in climate change adaptation, and preferred measures which could increase internal adaptive capacity while addressingbroader sources of community vulnerability. Our results support calls to recognize Indigenous and Western science as equally valid ways of knowing. Discussions with the farmers revealed that in the Ifugao context, climate change may be better framed in the context of multiple stressors on rural livelihoods, with adaptation integrated into broader development objectives. Our findings also emphasize the need for greater engagement of indigenous Ifugao people in planning processes in order to identify adaptation strategies that are culturally appropriate, equitable, and effective in responding to local needs.

关键词： Ifugao Rice Terraces Climate Change Traditional knowledge Indigenous Adaptation Social-Ecological System Sustainability

Comparative characterization of two natural humic acids in the Pearl River Basin, China and their environmental implications

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第11期22卷 1695-1702页

作者： Juan Liu Jin Wang Yongheng Chen Holger Lippold johanna Lippmann-Pipke key Laboratory of Water Safety and Protection in the Pearl River Delta Ministry of Education Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China. Forschungzentrum Dresden Rossendorf Institute of Radiochemistry Research Site Leipzig Leipzig 04318 Germany

Two humic acids （HAs） were isolated from contaminated river sediments present under comparative conditions in the Pearl River Basin, China. YFHA （the HA extracted at an open pyrite mining area in Yunfu） exhibited a lower absorption intensity for certain bands in the Fourier transform infrared spectra, a lower E 4 /E 6 value （the UV absorbances at 465 nm （E 4 ） and 665 nm （E 6 ））, a lower apparent molecular weight, a lower polarity and a lower oxygen functionality in comparison with GZHA （the HA isolated at an urban living area in Guangzhou）. All these differences indicated a higher degree of humification of YFHA than GZHA. Overall, the enrichment patterns of permanent heavy metals in the studied HAs were similar to those in corresponding sediments. In particular, YFHA exhibited high enrichment of trace element Tl, a characteristic concomitant from the mining of the pyrite minerals. The adsorption isotherms of two HAs for goethite and pyrolusite, two representative geological materials, conformed to the Langmuir equation. Based on the qualitative relationships between the Langmuir constants of the adsorption isotherms and the chemical characteristics of HAs, the main mechanism of HA adsorption on these materials was suggested to be hydrophobic interaction. This study highlighted the promising use of HA as a peculiar bio-indicator of uncommon trace metal contaminations. The HA adsorption mechanism on representative geological materials further provided a theoretical basis for the study on the unusual metal behavior in complex environmental settings.

关键词： humic acid permanent metal load adsorption goethite pyrolusite

Optimal microgrid planning for enhancing ancillary service provision

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第4期7卷 862-875页

作者： Sergio F.CONTRERAS Camilo A.CORTES johanna M.A.MYRZIk Institute of Automation Technology University of BremenOtto-Hahn-Allee 1 NW1/M1050(70)28359 BremenGermany Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Universidad Nacional de ColombiaCarrera 30 Calle 45.Ciudad Universitaria Edificio 453Bogota′Colombia

Microgrids have presented themselves as an effective concept to guarantee a reliable,efficient and sustainable electricity delivery during the current transition era from passive to active distribution ***,microgrids could offer effective ancillary services(AS)to the power utility,although this will not be possible before the traditional planning and operation methodologies are ***,a probabilistic multi-objective microgrid planning(POMMP)methodology is proposed in this paper to contemplate the large number of variables,multiple objectives,and different constraints and uncertainties involved in the microgrid *** planning methodology is based on the optimal size and location of energy distributed resources with the goal of minimizing the mismatch power in islanded mode,while the residual power for AS provision and the investment and operation costs of the microgrid in grid-connected mode are maximized and minimized,*** that purpose,probabilistic models and a true multi-objective optimization problem are implemented in the *** methodology is tested in an adapted PG&E 69-bus distribution system and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡ(NSGA-Ⅱ)optimization method and an analytic hierarchy process for decision-making are used to solve the optimization problem.

关键词： Microgrid Ancillary services(AS) Planning Multi-objective optimization Decision-making

Quantifying temporal changes in Tornionjoki river ice breakup dates and spring temperatures in Lapland since 1802

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2013年第6期23卷 1069-1079页

作者： Samuli HELAMA Jianmin JIANG johanna kORHONEN Jari HOLOPAINEN Mauri TIMONEN Finnish Forest Research Institute Rovaniemi Northern Unit 96300 Finland Training Centre of China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Finnish Environment Institute Helsinki P.O. Box 140 00251 Finland Department of Geosciences and Geography University of Helsinki Helsinki P.O. Box 64 00014 Finland

Cryophenological records （i.e. observational series of freeze and breakup dates of ice） are of great importance when assessing the environmental variations in cold regions. Here we employed the extraordinarily long observational records of river ice breakup dates and air temperatures in northern Fennoscandia to examine their interrelations since 1802. Historical observations, along with modern data, comprise the informational setting for this analysis carried out using t-test. Temperature history of April-May season was used as cli- matic counterpart for the breakup timings. Both records （temperature and breakup） showed seven sub-periods during which their local means were distinctly different relative to preced- ing and subsequent sub-periods. The starting and ending years of these sub-periods oc- curred in temporal agreement. The main findings of this study are summarized as follows：（1） the synchrony between the temperature and river ice breakup records ruled out the possibility that the changes would have occurred due to quality of the historical series （i.e. inhomoge- neity problems often linked to historical time-series）; （2） the studied records agreed to show lower spring temperatures and later river ice breakups during the 19th century, in comparison to the 20th century conditions, evidencing the prevalence of cooler spring temperatures in the study region, in agreement with the concept of the Little Ice Age （1570-1900） climate in North-West Europe; （3） the most recent sub-period demonstrate the highest spring tem- peratures with concomitantly earliest river ice breakups, showing the relative warmth of the current springtime climate in the study region in the context of the past two centuries; （4） the effects of anthropogenic changes in the river environment （e.g. construction and demolition of dams） during the 20th century should be considered for non-climatic variations in the breakup records; （5） this study emphasizes the importance of multi-centurial （i.

关键词： climatic change historical climatology Lapland Little Ice Age phenology

Frequency, localization, and types of gastrointestinal stromal tumor-associated neoplasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第30期25卷 4261-4277页

作者： johanna Waidhauser Anne Bornemann Martin Trepel Bruno Markl Institute of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics University Medical Center AugsburgAugsburg 86156Germany Department of Hematology and Clinical Oncology University Medical Center AugsburgAugsburg 86156Germany

BACkGROUND In recent years,increasing evidence of second neoplasms associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST)has been *** case reports,mostly retrospective studies and a few reviews,have been *** our knowledge,however,no systematic review or meta-analysis of the existing data has been performed so *** To prepare a compilation,as complete as possible,of all reported second tumor entities that have been described in association with GIST and to systematically analyze the published studies with regard to frequency,localization,and types of GIST-associated *** The MEDLINE and EBSCO databases were searched for a combination of the keywords GIST/secondary,synchronous,coincident/tumor,neoplasm,and relevant publications were selected by two independent *** Initially,3042 publications were *** deletion of duplicates,1631 remained,and 130 papers were selected;22 of these were original studies with a minimum of 20 patients,and 108 were case *** the 22 selected studies,comprising a total number of 12050 patients,an overall rate of GIST-associated neoplasias of 20%could be *** second neoplasias were found in the gastrointestinal tract(32%)and in the male and female urogenital tract(30%).The specific risk scores of GISTs associated with other tumors were significantly lower than those without associated *** In this first systematic review,we could confirm previously reported findings of a more than coincidental association between GIST and other *** question whether there is an underlying causal association will need further *** data suggest that even GIST with a very low risk of disease progression should prompt screening for second neoplasia and subsequent frequent controls or extended staging.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Associated Secondary Neoplasia Tumor