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keratinocytes costimulate naive human T cells via CD2: a potential target to prevent the development of proinflammatory Th1 cells in the skin

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第4期17卷 380-394页

作者： Christian Orlik Daniel Deibel Johanna Küblbeck Emre Balta Sabina Ganskih Jüri Habicht Beate Niesler Jutta Schröder-Braunstein knut Schäkel Guido Wabnitz Yvonne Samstag Institute of Immunology Section Molecular ImmunologyHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 30569120 HeidelbergGermany Institute of Human Genetics Department of Human Molecular Geneticsand nCounter Core FacilityHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 36669120 HeidelbergGermany Department of Dermatology Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 44069120 HeidelbergGermany

The interplay between keratinocytes and immune cells,especially T cells,plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory skin diseases.During psoriasis,keratinocytes attract T cells by releasing chemokines,while skin-infiltrating selfreactive T cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines,e.g.,IFN γand IL-17A,that cause epidermal hyperplasia.Similarly,in chronic graftversus-host disease,allogenic IFN γ-producing Th1/Tc1 and IL-17-producing Th17/Tc17 cells are recruited by keratinocyte-derived chemokines and accumulate in the skin.However,whether keratinocytes act as nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells to directly activate naive human T cells in the epidermis remains unknown.Here,we demonstrate that under proinflammatory conditions,primary human keratinocytes indeed activate naive human T cells.This activation required cell contact and costimulatory signaling via CD58/CD2 and CD54/LFA-1.Naive T cells costimulated by keratinocytes selectively differentiated into Th1 and Th17 cells.In particular,keratinocyte-initiated Th1 differentiation was dependent on costimulation through CD58/CD2.The latter molecule initiated STAT1 signaling and IFN γproduction in T cells.Costimulation of T cells by keratinocytes resulting in Th1 and Th17 differentiation represents a new explanation for the local enrichment of Th1 and Th17 cells in the skin of patients with a chronic inflammatory skin disease.Consequently,local interference with T cell–keratinocyte interactions may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of Th1 and Th17 cell-driven skin diseases.

关键词： keratinocytes inflammatory skin diseases psoriasis human T cells costimulation CD2 LFA-1 nonprofessional antigenpresenting cells Th1 cells Th17 cells

Genomic selection in plant breeding:key factors shaping two decades of progress

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 552-578页

作者： Admas Alemu johanna Astrand Osval A.Montesinos-López Julio Isidro y Sanchez Javier Fernandez-Gónzalez Wuletaw Tadesse Ramesh R.Vetukuri Anders S.Carlsson Alf Ceplitis JoséCrossa Rodomiro Ortiz Aakash Chawade Department of Plant Breeding Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden Lantmannen Lantbruk SvalövSweden Facultad de Telematica University de ColimaColimaColima 28040Mexico Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas(CBGP UPM-INIA)Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Campus de Montegancedo-UPM28223 MadridSpain International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) RabatMorocco International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Km 45Carretera México-VeracruzTexcocoMéxico 52640Mexico

Genomic selection,the application of genomic prediction(GP)models to select candidate individuals,has significantly advanced in the past two decades,effectively accelerating genetic gains in plant breeding.This article provides a holistic overview of key factors that have influenced GP in plant breeding during this period.We delved into the pivotal roles of training population size and genetic diversity,and their relationship with the breeding population,in determining GP accuracy.Special emphasis was placed on optimizing training population size.We explored its benefits and the associated diminishing returns beyond an optimum size.This was done while considering the balance between resource allocation and maximizing prediction accuracy through current optimization algorithms.The density and distribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms,level of linkage disequilibrium,genetic complexity,trait heritability,statistical machine-learning methods,and non-additive effects are the other vital factors.Using wheat,maize,and potato as examples,we summarize the effect of these factors on the accuracy of GP for various traits.The search for high accuracy in GP—theoretically reaching one when using the Pearson’s correlation as a metric—is an active research area as yet far from optimal for various traits.We hypothesize that with ultra-high sizes of genotypic and phenotypic datasets,effective training population optimization methods and support from other omics approaches(transcriptomics,metabolomics and proteomics)coupled with deep-learning algorithms could overcome the boundaries of current limitations to achieve the highest possible prediction accuracy,making genomic selection an effective tool in plant breeding.

关键词： genomic selection genetic gain genomic prediction optimization deep learning training population optimization

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Following Cryotherapy, Thermal Ablation and Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Treatment: A Pilot Study among Zambian Women

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 7-17页

作者： Victoria Mwiinga-kalusopa johanna E. Maree Concepta kwaleyela Patricia katowa-Mukwato Department of Basic and Clinical Nursing University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Nursing Education University of Witwatersrand Johannesburg Gauteng South Africa School of Health Sciences Mulungushi University Kabwe Central Province Zambia

Background: Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia treatments have become essential interventions to manage cervical lesions. Majority of the recipients of these treatments are women within the reproductive age group, who according to literature may be at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This pilot study is part of a study investigating adverse pregnancy outcomes among women who received Cryotherapy, Thermal ablation and Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure compared to the untreated women in Zambia. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study analyzed records of 886 (n = 443 treated and n = 443 untreated) women aged 15 - 49 years. The women were either screened with Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid or treated for Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia at the Adult Infectious Disease Centre between January 2010 and December 2020. Women meeting the criteria were identified using the Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid screening records and telephone interviews to obtain the adverse pregnancy outcome experienced. Data were analysed using STATA version 16 to determine the prevalence and obtain frequency distribution of outcomes of interest. Univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression estimated odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes across the three treatments. Results: The respondents were aged 15 to 49 years. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were observed to be more prevalent in the treatment group (18.5%) compared to the untreated group (5.4%). Normal pregnancy outcomes were lower in the treated (46.3%;n = 443) than the untreated (53.7%;n = 443). The treated group accounted for the majority of abortions (85.2%), prolonged labour (85.7%) and low birth weight (80%), whereas, the untreated accounted for the majority of still births (72.7%). Women treated with cryotherapy (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.32 - 4.49, p = 0.004), thermal ablation (aOR = 6.37, 95% CI = 0.99 - 41.2, p = 0.052) and Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (aOR = 9.67, 95% CI = 2.17 - 43.1, p = 0.003) had two-, six- and ten-times higher odds of adve

关键词： Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Cryothera-py Thermal Ablation Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure Pilot Repro-ductive Age

Modeling Blood Flow in Veins of Uniform Properties (Giraffe Jugular Vein)

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第2期14卷 132-153页

作者： Rogers Omboga Amenya johanna kibet Sigey Geoffrey Moriaso Ole Maloiy David Mwangi Theuri Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences Dedan Kimathi University of Technology Nyeri Kenya Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics School of Mathematical Sciences Jomo Kenyatta Unversity of Agriculture and Technology Kisii Kenya Institute of Animal Physiology and Biotechnology Research University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

This paper models the giraffe’s jugular veins as a uniform collapsible tube from a rigid skull. The equations governing one-dimensional steady flow through such a tube for various conditions have been developed. The effects of inertial and inclination angles that have not been discussed previously have been included. It has been shown that different flows for a uniform tube (vein) are possible. However, this flow matches that of a jugular vein which is supercritical, and the steady solution has been given by the balance between the driving forces of gravity and the viscous resistance to the flow at the right atrium of the heart must be sub-critical for a fixed right-atrium pressure which means that an elastic jump is required to return the flow to sub-critical from the supercritical flow upstream this type of relationship gives rise to flow limitation at the same time given any right atrium fixed pressure there exists a maximum flow rate which when exceeded the boundary conditions of the flow do not hold boundary conditions at the right atrium are not satisfied hence making the steady flow impossible this mechanism of flow limitation is slightly different from the other one in that causes airways through forced expiration from the observation made it is clearly shown that there is an intravascular pressure difference with a change in height.

关键词： Blood Flow Jugular Vein Cross-Sectional Area Supercritical Subcritical Jump

2024年工程师不可错过的AI主要发展趋势

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世界电子元器件 2024年第2期 23-24页

作者： johanna Pingel MathWorks AI

随着AI在各行各业的应用日益广泛,它将继续深刻影响着人类社会的发展和进步,并彻底改变技术和人类交互的方方面面。据Forrester预测,到2024年,企业AI计划有助于将工作效率和创造性问题解决能力提高50%。AI将对工程师和教育工作者等的工... 详细信息

随着AI在各行各业的应用日益广泛,它将继续深刻影响着人类社会的发展和进步,并彻底改变技术和人类交互的方方面面。据Forrester预测,到2024年,企业AI计划有助于将工作效率和创造性问题解决能力提高50%。AI将对工程师和教育工作者等的工作产生影响,即帮助他们节省时间,让他们有更多精力专注于推进科学和工程事业的其他项目。2024年推动AI持续发展的三大趋势:AI和仿真对于设计和开发工程系统至关重要随着AI在各行各业和应用中走向主流,不使用AI的复杂工程系统将显得格格不入。工程系统集多个领域的组件和子系统于一体,创建了能够感知和响应周围世界的智能系统。

关键词：智能系统创造性问题解决复杂工程系统 AI 主要发展趋势教育工作者工程师工作效率

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海蒂

英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第5期 3-5页

作者： johanna Spyri 翟红梅

《海蒂》是瑞士儿童文学作家约翰娜·斯比丽创作的长篇小说，讲述了小女孩海蒂的成长历程。小说中描述的动人细节和深厚情感，自十九世纪80年代首次出版以来，感动着一代又一代读者。本文为节选。海蒂跟着小姨蒂提爬上高山牧场找爷爷。...

《海蒂》是瑞士儿童文学作家约翰娜·斯比丽创作的长篇小说，讲述了小女孩海蒂的成长历程。小说中描述的动人细节和深厚情感，自十九世纪80年代首次出版以来，感动着一代又一代读者。本文为节选。海蒂跟着小姨蒂提爬上高山牧场找爷爷。蒂提打算将海蒂托付给老人，但是脾气古怪、离群索居的老人对她们下了逐客令。

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德国高校教学数字化的变革潜力

应用型高等教育研究 2024年第1期9卷 69-73页

作者： johanna Leifeld Tina Basner Tina Classen 陈颖高等教育发展中心德国居特斯洛33332 国际管理学院德国多特蒙德44227 不详

为了明确何为高质量的数字化辅助教学及其先决条件,一项调查研究对20位德国高校数字化教学奖获得者进行了定性访谈。在此调查研究的基础上,文章阐释了实施高质量数字化教学理念的具体策略和关键成功因素。调查结果揭示了促进教学创新的... 详细信息

为了明确何为高质量的数字化辅助教学及其先决条件,一项调查研究对20位德国高校数字化教学奖获得者进行了定性访谈。在此调查研究的基础上,文章阐释了实施高质量数字化教学理念的具体策略和关键成功因素。调查结果揭示了促进教学创新的必要条件,强调了线上和线下教学方式均衡结合的重要性。这些发现为高校教师提供了实践指导,并有助于推进具有前瞻性的高等教育发展。

关键词：数字化最佳实践范例高校教学教学创新

Cultivating more-than-human care: Exploring bird watching as a landscaping practice on the example of sand martins and flooded gravel pits

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第6期11卷 1205-1213页

作者： johanna Just Institute for Landscape and Urban Studies Prof.Teresa Galí-IzardChair of Being AliveDepartment of ArchitectureETH ZürichCH-8093 ZürichSwitzerland

The environmental crisis has created a demand for practices that build awareness about the interconnections of diverse forms of life,allowing humans to understand complex earthly relationships and reconnect with the land they inhabit.This paper contributes to this debate by investigating bird watching activities and their relevance for architects and landscape architects.Drawing upon multispecies studies and the notion of landscape thinking,it examines the potential of birding as a caring landscaping practice.It analyzes the relationship between birders and sand martins in two case studies and probes how birders develop attentiveness for the birds and their shared environment.The investigation suggests that birding fosters care beyond the observed species.It can trigger a landscaping practice comparable to landscape thinking that helps humans reconnect with the land,fostering response-able spatial design practices.

关键词： More-than-human Care Birding Landscaping Sand martin Gravel extraction

The Evidenced Effects of Early Childhood Interventions to Promote Mental Health and Parenting in the Nordic Countries: A Systematic Review

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2023年第4期25卷 505-537页

作者： Maria Dahlberg johanna Nordmyr Hrafnhildur Gunnarsdottir Anna k.Forsman Faculty of Education and Welfare Studies Health SciencesÅbo Akademi UniversityVaasa65100Finland Department of Health Sciences University WestTrollhättan46186Sweden

Thefirst years of life and the family context are key to the promotion and protection of children’s health and well-being,emphasizing the need for interventions aimed to support families with young children.This review aimed to explore the effectiveness of early childhood interventions developed for promoting mental health and parenting among families with young children in the Nordic countries.Six electronic databases were systematically searched,and 20 articles covering 16 studies applying various quantitative and qualitative methods met the study inclusion criteria.The studied interventions were assessed as universal health-promoting interventions and health-promoting interventions with elements of prevention.Outcomes of interest encompassed mental health,related risk and protective factors among the parents and/or the children,or child-parent interaction.The results from studies applying statistical methods show significant improvements in parents’self-efficacy,self-esteem,and parental satisfaction,while few improvements in parents’social support or parental relationship were identified.Improvements in social support and parental relationships were however reported in qualitative studies.Most quantitative studies reporting on parents’mental health problems and stress found a significant decrease,and qualitative studies highlighted experienced positive effects on mental health and well-being.The majority of stu-dies reporting on children’s mental health and/or development as well as strengths and difficulties indicated a statistically significant positive development.No significant changes were however found for existing behavioral problems.The majority of studies examining parenting strategies and/or parent-child interaction found signifi-cant positive changes after the interventions.In sum,althoughfindings are heterogeneous,early childhood inter-ventions show various positive effects on the parenting and mental health of both children and their parents.The fact that different types of initiatives have been d

关键词： Systematic review early childhood intervention mental health promotion primary prevention parenting