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Substandard/Falsification Antibacterial Agents: A Systematic Review of Liquid Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods for Their Detection

Advances in Remote Sensing（遥感技术进展） 2023年第4期

作者： joel A. Bukoye Tomiwa v. Oluwajuwon Akintunde A. Alo Chinedu Offiah Rebecca Israel Moyosore E. Ogunmodede

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2019年第8期10卷 348-365页

作者： Pierrot Mwamba Tshilumba Moke Muindu Mutshitshi Kasongo Gaelle Kalonji Mujinga Mbedi Zabakani joel Kabadi Kasongo Musumba Tshamba Jean-Claude Nkwanga Roland Marini Djang’eing’a Pierre Duez Jean-Baptiste Kalonji Ndoumba Laboratory of Drug Analysis and Galenic University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of Congo Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy University of Mons Mons Belgium Departement of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of Congo Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry CIRM Department of Pharmacy Liege University Liège Belgium

Falsified antibacterial agents continue to pose serious public health problems around the world. They are notably responsible for resistance emergence in the treatment of infectious diseases that can lead to death. The aim of this study was to summarize the literature on the methods developed and validated to detect poor quality antibacterial agents in order to assess the impact of these available methods in the fighting against Counterfeit/substandard medicines. Thus, studies published in the time from January 2000 to July 2017, were accessible via Google Scholar and Pubmed and allowed to analyze 41 papers. The majority (30) of developed and validated methods concerned LC methods, 9 regarded Uv/v is spectrophotometry and two studies simultaneously developed both methods. Antibacterial agents belonging to beta-lactams group were the most concerned by the methods developed and validated (39%), followed by quinolones (18%) and macrolides (12%). Regarding active ingredients, amoxicillin (12%) was the most concerned by the development and validation methods. In spite of several available methods to detect substandard drugs, antibacterial agents for which methods were developed and validated were the most concerned by worldwide detected non-conformities. The fight against this scourge should not be only limited by their detection, but it also requires an effective involvement of different actors notably: health authorities, international organizations, pharmaceutical industries etc.

关键词： Counterfeiting/Falsification/Substandard Antibacterial Liquid Chromatography/Spectrophotometry Uv/vis

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新卫城博物馆

城市环境设计 2016年第1期 154-167页

作者： Bernard Tschumi joel Rutten Adam Dayem Jane Kim Aristotelis Dimitrakopoulos Eva Sopeoglou Kim Starr Anne Save de Beaurecueil joel Aviles valentin Bontjes van Beek Jonathan Chace Allis Chee Thomas Goodwill Robert Holton Liz Kim Daniel Holguin Michaela Metcalfe Justin Moore Georgia Papadavid Kriti Siderakis véronique Descharrèires Cristina De vizzi Kate Linker

项目位于卫城山脚下,处于雅典炎热的气候之中和地震带之上。拥有约21 000m2建筑面积的博物馆包括了约8 000m2的馆藏展示空间、一些临时画廊、可容纳180人的会堂、餐厅加咖啡厅、礼品店、接待和咨询处、策展和行政办公室以及文物保护工... 详细信息

项目位于卫城山脚下,处于雅典炎热的气候之中和地震带之上。拥有约21 000m2建筑面积的博物馆包括了约8 000m2的馆藏展示空间、一些临时画廊、可容纳180人的会堂、餐厅加咖啡厅、礼品店、接待和咨询处、策展和行政办公室以及文物保护工作室。

关键词：博物馆建筑面积雅典博物院文化机构希腊卫城帕特农神庙

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低至2v以下工作的精密有源负载

电子设计技术 EDN CHINA 2005年第11期12卷 97-97页

作者： joel Setton Crolles France

本设计实例是一个自己供电的精密有源负载电路,它是以前电路的改进(参考文献1).增加的功能包括一个更宽的工作电压范围(2v～50v或更高电压)和几个灵活的电流设置模式.图1中的电路采用了美国国家半导体公司(NS)的LM10,它很适合于此类应用... 详细信息

本设计实例是一个自己供电的精密有源负载电路,它是以前电路的改进(参考文献1).增加的功能包括一个更宽的工作电压范围(2v～50v或更高电压)和几个灵活的电流设置模式.图1中的电路采用了美国国家半导体公司(NS)的LM10,它很适合于此类应用.LM10的基准部分(IC1A)生成精密的1.2v基准电压vS.电阻分压器R1和R2将vS的一部送至IC1A的基准放大器,该放大器驱动并联稳压器Q1.

关键词：有源负载精密美国国家半导体公司负载电路基准电压 LM10 电阻分压器设计实例参考文献

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自动选择工作模式的宽范围稳压器

电子设计技术 EDN CHINA 2005年第9期12卷 99-99页

作者： joel Setton Crolles France Crolles France

图1所示电路可在外部DAC(未示出)控制下为EEPROM提供编程电压.您可以用一个电位器来代替该DAC,以建立从12 v电源上工作并能提供Ov～32v可变输出电压的通用电源.如图1所示,凌特科技公司(Linea rTechnology)的LT1072Hv型可变升压开关稳压... 详细信息

图1所示电路可在外部DAC(未示出)控制下为EEPROM提供编程电压.您可以用一个电位器来代替该DAC,以建立从12 v电源上工作并能提供Ov～32v可变输出电压的通用电源.如图1所示,凌特科技公司(Linea rTechnology)的LT1072Hv型可变升压开关稳压器IC1,驱动一个由运放IC2、升压级Q.及发射极跟随器达灵顿晶体管Q2组成的A类放大器.电阻器R9和R10将放大器的正相环路增益设定为1+(R9/R10).

关键词：开关稳压器自动选择宽范围 A类放大器模式 EEPROM 输出电压射极跟随器环路增益

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血管化的隔膜分隔面部脂肪室

中国美容整形外科杂志 2011年第1期22卷 I0016-I0016页

作者： Mark v. Schaverien joel E. Pessa Rod J. Rohrich 魏峰(译) 高景恒(译) 张晨(译) 美国德克萨斯州达拉斯市德克萨斯大学西南医学中心整形外科《中国美容整形外科杂志》编辑部大连大学附属新华医院整形外科

目的人体的皮下组织是以解剖单元或分区（区域化）的形式存在的。目前，关于面部、躯干、四肢的皮下组织分区已经得到确认。各分区间的分隔界限，通过组织学研究也得到认可。然而，尽管学者们做了很多相关的研究，但对于脂肪组织的区室... 详细信息

目的人体的皮下组织是以解剖单元或分区（区域化）的形式存在的。目前，关于面部、躯干、四肢的皮下组织分区已经得到确认。各分区间的分隔界限，通过组织学研究也得到认可。然而，尽管学者们做了很多相关的研究，但对于脂肪组织的区室化作用，还没有一个统一的解释。方法本研究从德克萨斯大学西南医学院威尔德人体计划组中选取20侧半面尸头。在10侧半面尸头中，常规乳胶灌注颈动脉联合脂肪内注射染料．以确认与每个脂肪室相关联的穿支血管和来源血管。另外的10侧半面尸头进行三维CT扫描，并对血管网的放射学特性做更进一步的研究。氧化铅／白明胶混合物注入颈总动脉，碘化对照物直接注人脂肪室。结果营养皮肤的穿支血管与致密的筋膜并行，并且由其固定。本研究中所评价的每一个解剖分区，都与一种可辨认（已知）的动脉或静脉相关联。在静脉内加入对比剂之后的三维CT图像，可证实每个皮下脂肪室的间隔区域都有穿支血管。结论人体的皮下组织都被纤维性膜结构所分隔，而这些隔膜都携带有供给皮肤血供的穿支血管。本研究中所有解剖分区都有知名血管伴行。这种交联的结缔组织网，对活体面部血供具有维持其稳定性和保护性的作用。面部皮下组织及其伴行脉管系统的这种排列方式是高度有机构造的，其形成机制可能与面部肌肉系统的胚胎学发育机制有关。因此，可推想全身的脂肪一筋膜系统都是以这种体系构建起来的。

关键词：脂肪组织血管化面部隔膜解剖分区皮下组织穿支血管三维CT扫描

Fluctuating temperature modifies heat-mortality association around the globe

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The Innovation 2022年第2期3卷 65-72页

作者： Yao Wu Bo Wen Shanshan Li Antonio Gasparrini Shilu Tong Ala Overcenco Ales Urban Alexandra Schneider Alireza Entezari Ana Maria vicedo-Cabrera Antonella Zanobetti Antonis Analitis Ariana Zeka Aurelio Tobias Barrak Alahmad Ben Armstrong Bertil Forsberg CarmenÍñiguez Caroline Ameling César De la Cruz valencia ChristoferÅström Danny Houthuijs Do van Dung Dominic Royé Ene Indermitte Eric Lavigne Fatemeh Mayvaneh Fiorella Acquaotta Francesca de’Donato Francesco Sera Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar Haidong Kan Hans Orru Ho Kim Iulian-Horia Holobaca Jan Kyselý Joana Madureira joel Schwartz Klea Katsouyanni Magali Hurtado-Diaz Martina SRagettli Masahiro Hashizume Mathilde Pascal Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coélho Noah Scovronick Paola Michelozzi Patrick Goodman Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva Rosana Abrutzky Samuel Osorio Tran Ngoc Dang valentina Colistro veronika Huber Whanhee Lee Xerxes Seposo Yasushi Honda Michelle L.Bell Yuming Guo Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004Australia Climate Air Quality Research UnitSchool of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004Australia Department of Public Health Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK Centre for Statistical Methodology London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK Centre on Climate Change&Planetary Health London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK Shanghai Children’s Medical Centre Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China School of Public Health Institute of Environment and Human HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Center for Global Health Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane 4000Australia National Agency for Public Health of the Ministry of Health Labour and Social Protection of the Republic of MoldovaChisinau MD-2009Republic of Moldova Institute of Atmospheric Physics Czech Academy of SciencesPrague 14100Czech Republic Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life SciencesPrague 16500Czech Republic Institute of Epidemiology Helmholtz Zentrum M€unchen-German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg 85747Germany Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences Hakim Sabzevari UniversitySabzevar ***Iran Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of BernBern 3012Switzerland Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research University of BernBern 3012Switzerland Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthHarvard UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Hygiene Epidemiology and Medical StatisticsNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Institute for Environment Healthand SocietiesBrunel University LondonLondon UB83PNUK Institute of Environmental Assessment and

Studies have investigated the effects of heat and temperature variability(Tv)on ***,few assessed whether Tv modifies the heat-mortality *** on daily temperature and mortality in the warm season were collected from 717 locations across 36 *** was calculated as the standard deviation of the average of the same and previous days’minimum and maximum temperatures.

关键词： deviation modif heat

Turbo-taxonomy to assemble a megadiverse lichen genus:seventy new species of Cora(Basidiomycota:Agaricales:Hygrophoraceae),honouring David Leslie Hawksworth’s seventieth birthday

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第3期84卷 139-207页

作者： Robert Lücking Manuela Dal Forno Bibiana Moncada Luis Fernando Coca Leidy Yasmín vargas-Mendoza André Aptroot Laura Juliana Arias Betty Besal Frank Bungartz Diego Mauricio Cabrera-Amaya Marcela E.S.Cáceres José Luis Chaves Sionara Eliasaro Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Jesús E.Hernández Marin María de los Ángeles Herrera-Campos María E.Holgado-Rojas Harald Jonitz Martin Kukwa Fabiane Lucheta Santiago Madriñán Marcelo Pinto Marcelli Suzana Maria de Azevedo Martins joel A.Mercado-Díaz Jorge Alberto Molina Eduardo A.Morales Peter R.Nelson Freddy Nugra Francisco Ortega Telma Paredes Ayda Lucía Patiño Rouchi Nadine Peláez-Pulido Rosa Emilia Pérez Pérez Gary B.Perlmutter Eimy Rivas-Plata Javier Robayo Camilo Rodríguez Diego Fernando Simijaca Edier Soto-Medina Adriano Afonso Spielmann Alejandra Suárez-Corredor Jean-Marc Torres Carlos Alberto vargas Alba Yánez-Ayabaca Gothamie Weerakoon Karina Wilk Marcela Celis Pacheco Mauricio Diazgranados Grischa Brokamp Thomas Borsch Patrick M.Gillevet Masoumeh Sikaroodi James D.Lawrey Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin KöniginLuise-Straße 6-814195 BerlinGermany Science Education The Field Museum1400 South Lake ShoreChicagoIL 60605USA Department of Botany Smithsonian InstitutionNational Museum of Natural History10th St Constitution Ave NWWashingtonDC 20560USA Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Licenciatura en Biologı´a Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose´de CaldasCra.4 No.26D-54Torre de LaboratoriosHerbarioBogota´D.C.Colombia Herbario Universidad de Caldas(FAUC) Edificio BicentenarioCalle 65No.26-10ManizalesA.A.275CaldasColombia ABL Herbarium G.v.d.Veenstraat 1073762 XK SoestThe Netherlands Biologı´a Universidad del Quindı´oCarrera 15 Calle 12 NorteArmeniaQuindı´oColombia 120 Chavis Avenue LexingtonVA 24450USA Charles Darwin Foundation Puerto AyoraSanta Cruz IslandGala´pagosEcuador Schedestraße 8 53113 BonnGermany Jardı´n Bota´nico de Bogota´Jose´Celestino Mutis Avenida Calle 63 No.68-95Bogota´D.C.Colombia Departamento de Biocieˆncias Universidade Federal de SergipeAvenida Vereador Olı´mpio Grandes/n.ItabaianaCEP:49.500-000 SergipeBrazil Laboratorio de Hongos Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad(INBio)Apdo.22-3100Santo Domingo de HerediaCosta Rica Departamento de Botaˆnica Universidade Federal do Parana´Campus Polite´cnicoSetor de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicasAv.Cel.Francisco H.dos Santoss/nJardim das Ame´ricas81531-980 CuritibaPRBrazil Ingenierı´a Ambiental Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose´de CaldasCarrera 5 Este No.15-82Av.CircumvalarBogota´D.C.Colombia Instituto Experimental Jardı´n Bota´nico Dr.Tobı´as Lasser Centro de Investigacio´n y DesarrolloUniversidad Central de VenezuelaAve.Salvador AllendeJardı´n Bota´nico de CaracasApartado#2156Caracas 1010-AVenezuela Departamento de Bota´nica Instituto de Biologı´aUniversidad Nacional Auto´noma de Me´xicoApartado Postal 70-36704510 Ciudad De Me´xicoMexico Facultad de Ciencias Escuela Profesional de Biologı´aUniv

Following a large-scale phylogenetic study of the lichenized genus Cora(Basidiomycota:Agaricales:Hygrophoraceae),we formally describe 70 new species,honouring the seventieth birthday of David Leslie Hawksworth,one of the preeminent figures in mycology and lichenology in the past 50 *** on an updated phylogeny using the ITS fungal barcoding locus,we now recognize 189 taxa in a genus that until recently was considered to represent a single species;including this contribution,92 of these are formally recognized,including five taxa based on historical names or collections that have not been *** of Cora can be recognized by a combination of morphological(size,colour,lobe configuration,surface hairs,hymenophore size and shape),anatomical(thallus thickness,cortex structure,photobiont type,hyphal papillae),and ecogeographical features(substrate,habitat,distribution),and a keytable allowing the identification of all accepted taxa is *** new species are:Cora accipiter Moncada,Madrin˜a´n&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,Soto-Medina&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,Dal Forno&Lücking ***.,*** Dal Forno,Chaves&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,***ı´guez&Lücking ***.,*** Lücking,Moncada&*** ***.,*** Moncada,Ya´nez-Ayabaca&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,Patin˜o&Lücking ***.,*** Lücking,***&Dal Forno ***.,*** Holgado,Rivas Plata&Perlmutter ***.,*** Dal Forno,Eliasaro&Spielmann ***.,*** Nugra,Dal Forno&Lücking ***.,*** Lücking,Martins&Lucheta ***.,*** Moncada,R.-***´rez&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,***.&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,CabreraAmaya&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,R.-***´rez&***.,*** Lücking,***&Dal Forno ***.,*** Moncada,***´rez-Corredor&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,***&Lücking ***.,***

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