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HIPPO artificial intelligence:Correlating automated radiographic femoroacetabular measurements with patient-reported outcomes in developmental hip dysplasia

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World Journal of experimental Medicine 2024年第4期14卷 136-146页

作者： Ahmed Alshaikhsalama Holden Archer Yin Xi Richard Ljuhar joel e wells Avneesh Chhabra Department of Radiology University of Texas SouthwesternDallasTX 75390United States Department of Radiology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75235United States Department of Radiology Image BiopsyVienna 1190Austria Department of Orthopedic Surgery Baylor Scott and WhiteDallasTX 75235United States

BACKGROUND Hip dysplasia(HD)is characterized by insufficient acetabular coverage of the femoral head,leading to a predisposition for *** radiographic measurements such as the lateral center edge angle(LCeA)and Tönnis angle are essential in evaluating HD severity,patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs)offer insights into the subjective health impact on *** To investigate the correlations between machine-learning automated and manual radiographic measurements of HD and PROMs with the hypothesis that artificial intelligence(AI)-generated HD measurements indicating less severe dysplasia correlate with better *** Retrospective study evaluating 256 hips from 130 HD patients from a hip preservation clinic *** and AI-derived radiographic measurements were collected and PROMs such as the Harris hip score(HHS),international hip outcome tool(iHOT-12),short form(SF)12(SF-12),and Visual Analogue Scale of the european Quality of Life Group survey were correlated using Spearman's rank-order *** The median patient age was 28.6 years(range 15.7-62.3 years)with 82.3%of patients being women and 17.7%being *** median interpretation time for manual readers and AI ranged between 4-12 minutes per patient and 31 seconds,*** measurements exhibited weak correlations with HHS,including LCeA(r=0.18)and Tönnis angle(r=-0.24).AI-derived metrics showed similar weak correlations,with the most significant being Caput-Collum-Diaphyseal(CCD)with iHOT-12 at r=-0.25(P=0.042)and CCD with SF-12 at r=0.25(P=0.048).Other measured correlations were not significant(P>0.05).CONCLUSION This study suggests AI can aid in HD assessment,but weak PROM correlations highlight their continued importance in predicting subjective health and outcomes,complementing AI-derived measurements in HD management.

关键词： Hip dysplasia Patient reported outcome measures Deep-learning Artificial intelligence Radiographs Lateral center edge angle

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Optical properties of Weyl semimetals

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National Science Review 2019年第2期6卷 206-208页

作者： joel e.Moore Department of Physics University of California Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

The behavior of electrons in ordinary metals is dominated by physics near the Fermi surface. Indeed, many of the first successes of the quantum theory of solids, such as understanding the large specific heat of metals, followed from applications of the Fermi surface concept. Great effort has been devoted in recent years to semimetals in which the Fermi surface shrinks to a set of Dirac or Weyl points, where four

关键词： As Ta Optical properties of Weyl semimetals

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effect of Cambering on the Aerodynamic Performance of Heaving Airfoils

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2009年第4期6卷 398-404,406-407页

作者： joel e.Guerrero Postdoctoral Research Fellow Department of CivilEnvironmental and Architectural EngineeringUniversity of GenoaVia Montallegro 1Genoa16145Italy

In the present work,a parametric numerical study is conducted in order to assess the effect of airfoil cambering on the aerodynamic performance of rigid heaving *** incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved in their velocity-pressure formulation using a second-order accurate in space and time finite-difference *** tackle the problem of moving boundaries,the governing equations are solved on overlapping structured *** numerical simulations are performed at a Reynolds number of Re=1100 and at different values of Strouhal number and reduced *** results obtained show that the airfoil cambering geometric parameter has a strong influence on the average lift coefficient,while it has a smaller impact on the average thrust coefficient and propulsive efficiency of heaving airfoils.

关键词： heaving airfoils structured overlapping grids incompressible Navier-Stokes equations airfoil cambering

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Lysozyme as an alternative to growth promoting antibiotics in swine production

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第1期7卷 34-40页

作者： W. T. Oliver J.e.wells USDA ARS U.S. Meat Animal Research Center P. O. Box 166 Clay Center NE68933-0166 USA

Lysozyme is a naturally occurring enzyme found in bodily secretions such as tears, saliva, and milk. It functions as an antimicrobial agent by cleaving the peptidoglycan component of bacterial cell walls, which leads to cell death. Antibiotics are also antimicrobials and have been fed at subtherapeutic levels to swine as growth promoters. These compounds benefit swine producers by minimizing production losses by increasing feed efficiency and decreasing susceptibility to bacterial infection and disease. This manuscript reviews the knowledge of the effects of lysozyme, as compared to traditional subtherapeutic antibiotics in swine feed, on pig performance and health. It is clear from decades of studies that antibiotic use in feeds increases pig performance, particularly in the nursery. Similarly, lysozyme, as a feed additive, increases growth and feed efficiency. While the mechanism by which antibiotics and lysozyme improve performance is not clearly understood, both of these feed additives improve gastrointestinal health, improve the metabolic profile, and alter the gastrointestinal bacteria ecology of swine. Therefore, lysozyme is a suitable alternative to growth-promoting subtherapeutic antibiotic use in swine feed.

关键词： Antibiotics Gastrointestinal Lysozyme Microbiota Review Swine

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Infectious causation of chronic disease:examining the relationship between Giardia lamblia infection and irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第34期13卷 4574-4578页

作者： Alice S Penrose eden V wells Allison e Aiello Preventive Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2029 United States Michigan Department of Community Health Lansing MI United States Department of epidemiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2029 United States

AIM: To evaluate whether a higher prevalence of Giardia lamblia infection is associated with an increase in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) prescriptions at the county level in Michigan. MeTHODS: The Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) was used to ascertain both the numbers of Giardia lamblia infections as well as the total number of foodborne illnesses per population by county in Michigan during 2005. This was compared with Blue Cross Blue Shield (BCBS) of Michigan numbers of drug prescriptions for IBS per one thousand members per county in 2005. These data were also analyzed for associations with per capita income by county and the number of refugees entering each county in 2005. ReSULTS: There were a total of 786 confirmed cases of Giardia lamblia reported to MDSS in 2005. During the same time period, the number of prescriptions for IBS varied from 0.5 per 1000 members up to 6.0 per 1000 members per month. There was no trend towards higher numbers of IBS prescriptions in the counties with more Giardia lamblia infections. Per capita income was not associated with either IBS prescriptions or Giardiasis. There was a significant linear association between the number of refugees entering each county, and the number of Giardia lamblia cases per 100 000 population. CONCLUSION: In this ecological study, there was no association found between BCBS prescriptions for IBS and Giardia lamblia infections in Michigan counties. Our findings may have been influenced by the disparate number of refugees admitted per county.

关键词： Foodborne Gastrointestinal Giardia lamblia Irritable bowel syndrome Parasite Prescription Refugees

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Probabilistic Performance-Based Optimum Seismic Design Framework: Illustration and Validation

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2019年第9期120卷 517-543页

作者： Yong Li joel P.Conte Philip e.Gill Department of Civil and environmental engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada Department of Structural engineering University of CaliforniaSan Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaSan Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA 92093USA

In the field of earthquake engineering,the advent of the performance-based design philosophy,together with the highly uncertain nature of earthquake ground excitations to structures,has brought probabilistic performance-based design to the forefront of seismic *** order to design structures that explicitly satisfy probabilistic performance criteria,a probabilistic performance-based optimum seismic design(PPBOSD)framework is proposed in this paper by extending the state-of-the-art performance-based earthquake engineering(PBee)*** is traditionally used for risk evaluation of existing or newly designed structural systems,thus referred to herein as forward PBee *** contrast,its use for design purposes is limited because design is essentially a more challenging inverse *** address this challenge,a decision-making layer is wrapped around the forward PBee analysis procedure for computer-aided optimum structural design/retrofit accounting for various sources of *** this paper,the framework is illustrated and validated using a proof-of-concept problem,namely tuning a simplified nonlinear inelastic single-degreeof-freedom(SDOF)model of a bridge to achieve a target probabilistic loss hazard *** this purpose,first the forward PBee analysis is presented in conjunction with the multilayer Monte Carlo simulation method to estimate the total loss hazard curve efficiently,followed by a sensitivity study to investigate the effects of system(design)parameters on the probabilistic seismic performance of the *** proposed PPBOSD framework is validated by successfully tuning the system parameters of the structure rated for a target probabilistic seismic loss hazard *** PPBOSD framework provides a tool that is essential to develop,calibrate and validate simplified probabilistic performance-based design procedures.

关键词： Performance-based seismic design optimum seismic design forward PBee analysis inverse PBee analysis uncertainty quantification hazard deaggregation

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2021年第2期15卷 77-85页

作者： Om Prakash Stefan JGreen Pooja Singh Puja Jasrotia joel e.Kostka earth Ocean and Atmospheric Science Department Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA National Centre for Microbial Resource National Centre for Cell ScienceMaharashtraPune-411007India Genome Research Core University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA Georgia Institute of Technology Schools of Biology and earth&Atmospheric Sciences AtlantaGA 30332USA Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences Symbiosis International(Deemed University)LavalePune-412115India

This work examines the physiologic basis of stress tolerance in bacterial strains of the genus Rhodanobacter that dominate in the acidic and highly metal contaminated near-source subsurface zone of the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge(ORIFRC)*** of *** to levels of different stresses were studied in synthetic groundwater medium and R2A *** strains of ***,strains 2APBS1T and 116-2,tolerate low to circumneutral pH(4–8),high Uranium(1 mmol/L),elevated levels of nitrate(400 mmol/L)and high NaCl(2.5%).A combination of physiologic traits,such as growth at low pH,increased growth in the presence of high organics concentration,and tolerance of high concentrations of nitrate,NaCl and heavy metals is likely responsible for dominance of Rhodanobacter at the ORIFRC ***,extended incubation times and use of low carbon media,better approximating site groundwater conditions,are critical for accurate determination of stress *** study expands knowledge of the ecophysiology of bacteria from the genus Rhodanobacter and identifies methodological approaches necessary for acquiring accurate tolerance data.

关键词： Rhodanobacter Uranium Nitrate Metals Stress tolerance

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Bacterial microcosms obey Taylor’s law:effects of abiotic and biotic stress and genetics on mean and variance of population density

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ecological Processes 2012年第1期1卷 77-82页

作者： Oliver Kaltz Patricia escobar-Páramo Michael e Hochberg joel e Cohen Institut des Sciences de l’evolution UMR CNRS-UM2-IRD5554CC 065UniversitéMontpellier 2Place Eugène BataillonMontpellier Cedex 0534095France Centro Internacional de Física(CIF) Biotechnology GroupUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaCra 30 N°45-03BogotáDCColombia Laboratory of Populations Rockefeller and Columbia Universities1230 York AvenueBox 20New YorkNY10065-6399USA

Introduction:According to the empirical regularity called Taylor’s law,the variance of population density in samples of populations is a power of the mean population *** exponent is often between 1 and *** experiments investigated how genetics,evolution,and environment shape Taylor’s ***:Genetically different strains(wild type and hypermutator)of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens evolved and were assayed under different environmental conditions(with and without antibiotic rifampicin and bacteriophage SBW252,separately and in combination).Results:experimental treatments altered the exponent b,but not the power law form,of the relation between variance and mean population *** populations treated only with rifampicin had a narrow range of mean population densities and exponent b=*** exposed to rifampicin plus phage had b=*** ancestral,control,and phage-exposed populations,mean abundance varied widely and b was not significantly different from *** factors(mutation rate,selection)and ecological factors(abiotic,biotic)jointly influenced ***:Taylor’s power law relationship accurately and robustly described variance as a function of mean population density,with overall exponent b=*** and other experiments with different factors acting on bacterial population size support the relevance of models that predict‘universal’patterns of fluctuation scaling.

关键词： Taylor’s law Pseudomonas fluorescens rifampicin bacteriophage genetics

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Reconstructing f(T) modified gravity from eCHDe and eCNADe models

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第9期72卷 75-88页

作者： A e Godonou Ines G Salako M J S Houndjo etienne Baffou joel Tossa Institut de Mathematiques et de Sciences Physiques(IMSP) 01 BP 613 Porto-NovoBenin ecole de Genie Rural(eGR) 01 BP 55 KetouBenin Faculte des Sciences et Techniques de Natitingou(FAST) BP 72NatitingouBenin

We investigate alternative candidates to dark energy(De) that can explain the current state of the Universe in the framework of the generalized teleparallel theory of gravity f(T), where T denotes the torsion scalar. To achieve this, we carry out a series of reconstructions taking into account the ordinary and entropy-corrected versions of the holographic and new agegraphic De *** models are used as alternatives to De in the literature in order to describe the current state of our Universe. It is remarked that the proposed models indicate behavior akin to phantom or quintessence models. Furthermore, we also generate the parameters of the equation of state associated with entropy-corrected models and we observe a phase transition between the quintessence state and phantom state as it is shown by the recent observational data. We also investigate the stability of these models and we create the {r-s} trajectories and compare with the ΛCDM limit. The behavior of certain physical parameters such as the speed of sound and the Statefinder diagnostic pair {r-s} is compatible with the current observational data.

关键词： teleparallel gravity eCHDe eCNADe

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Keap1 eye on the target:chemoprevention of liver cancer

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第9期28卷 1331-1342页

作者： Melinda Sue YATeS Thomas wells KeNSLeR Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Department of Environmental Health SciencesJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMaryland 21205USA

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide,causing nearly 600 000 deaths each *** risk of HCC due to chronicinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and exposure to dietary aflatoxins is respon-sible for many of these *** strategies targeting HBV infection andaflatoxin exposure could dramatically impact the rates of *** HBVvaccination programs have begun in some high-risk *** to reduceaflatoxin contamination in food stores have also been ***,complete elimination of aflatoxin contamination might not be *** thisreason,chemoprevention strategies which alter aflatoxin disposition are a practi-cal strategy to reduce the incidence of HCC in populations with high dietaryaflatoxin *** mechanisms of aflatoxin-induced hepatocarcinogenesisare well *** knowledge provides the basis for evaluation of both expo-sures to aflatoxin,as well as modulation of aflatoxin disposition by *** of aflatoxin DNA damage and toxicity as well as other metabo-lites can be used as biomarkers to evaluate modulation of aflatoxin *** of aflatoxin disposition can be achieved through induction of conju-gating and cytoprotective *** of these enzymes are regulated throughKelch eCH-associating protein 1 (Keap1)-NF-e2-related factor 2(Nrf2)-antioxi-dant response element (ARe) signaling,making this pathway an important mo-lecular target for *** studies have identified several classesof chemopreventive agents which induce cytoprotective *** inducersinclude phenolic antioxidants,dithiolethiones,isothiocyanates,and ***,clinical interventions have shown that inducers of Keap 1-Nrf2-ARe signaling increase cytoprotective enzyme expression,resulting in modula-tion of aflatoxin *** work remains to be done in order to takepromising chemopreventive agents from preclinical evaluation to

关键词： chemoprevention Kelch eCH associating protein 1 Nrf2 sulforaphane oltipraz triterpenoids dithiolethiones hepatocellular carcinoma

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