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bacterial Contamination of blood and blood Products at Mbarara Regional blood bank in Rural South Western Uganda

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2013年第3期3卷 205-209页

作者： G. b. Matte Aloysius bazira joel Richard Apecu boum Yap II Frederick byarugaba Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST) Mbarara Uganda

background: Screening blood donors has practically eliminated viral and bacterial pathogens in blood used for transfusion. However, transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis remains an important health-care concern and the commonest cause of transfusion-related fatality in resource limited settings. Data on bacterial contamination of blood are scarce while the demand of blood transfusion is continuously growing. Therefore we conducted a study to determine the prevalence and type of bacterial contamination in donor blood and blood products, at the Mbarara Regional blood bank. Methodology: A total of 510 units of screened blood and blood products consisting of refrigerated whole blood and packed cells were randomly sampled following aseptic procedures from Mbarara Regional blood bank. Two samples from each unit were collected in universal containers containing brain Heart Infusion broth and incubated at 37℃ for up to 7 days. Subcultures were carried out on blood agar, Chocolate agar and MacConkey agar. Isolates were identified by standard microbiologic techniques and drug susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Of the 510 samples collected between June and October 2012, 18 (3.5%) samples showed growth. The contaminants were Staphylococcus aureus 17/18 (94.4%) and Streptococcus viridans 1/18 (5.6%). Isolates were sensitive to erythomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin and resistant to penicillin and cloxacillin. Conclusion: blood and blood products from Mbarara Regional blood have unacceptable levels of bacterial contamination that can affect patient safety especially in an area with high malaria endemicity. Therefore it is critical to improve hygiene precautions in order to minimize bacterial contamination and ensure patient safety.

关键词： bacterial Contamination blood/blood Products Staphylococci

A new heparin fragment decreases liver ischemia-reperfusion injury

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第2期21卷 190-192页

作者： Enio R Vasques Estela RR Figueira joel A Rocha-Filho Cinthia Lanchotte Jorge LS Ximenes Helena b Nader Ivarne LS Tersariol Marcelo A Lima Tiago Rodrigues JoséEM Cunha Eleazar Chaib Luiz AC D’Albuquerque Flávio HF Galvão Laboratorio de Investigaçao Medica 37 Departamento de GastroenterologiaHospital das Clinicas HCFMUSPFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246-903Brazil Departamento de Gastroenterologia Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSPFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil Disciplina de Anestesiologia Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSPFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil Departamento de bioquimica Universidade Federal de São PauloSão PauloBrazil Universidade Federal do AbC Santo AndreSão PauloBrazil Serviço de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo Departamento de GastroenterologiaHospital das Clinicas HCFMUSPFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil

To the Editor:Ischemia-reperfusion injury following surgery and transplantation can lead to irreversible multiorgan *** calcium overload is associated to cellular death during ischemiareperfusion.A recently discovered heparin fragment (HF),trisulfated disaccharide (TD),that acts on sodium-calcium exchanger(NCX) decreasing intracellular Ca^(2+),showed effectiveness on protecting hepatocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury [1].

关键词： irreversible heparin injury

Community Structures of Phytoplankton with Emphasis on Toxic Cyanobacteria in an Ohio Inland Lake during bloom Season

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第11期9卷 1299-1318页

作者： Ke Chen joel Allen Jingrang Lu Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang China US EPA ORD Cincinnati OH USA

The community structures of phytoplankton are important factors and indicators of lake water quality. Harmful algal blooms severely impact water supply, recreational activities and wildlife habitat. This study aimed to examine the phytoplankton composition and variations using microscopy, and identify harmful Cyanobacteria in weekly samples taken from four sites at Harsha Lake in southwest Ohio. Over the course of the summer in 2015, the phytoplankton of Harsha Lake consisted mainly of 13 taxa belonging to bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cryptophyta, Cyanobacteria, Dinophyta and Euglenophyta. Their significant successions started with bacillariophyta and/or Chlorophyta, then bloomed with Cyanobacteria and ended with Chlorophyta and/or Dinophyta. Cyanobacteria members: Microcystis, Planktothrix, Dolichospermum, Aphanizomenon, Cylindrospermopsis, and Oscillatoria from the Cyanophyceae were identified to be dominant genera. These organisms varied spatially and temporally in similar patterns along with the variations of nutrients and formed the summer bloom with the total biomasses ranging from 0.01 to 114.89 mg L-1 with mean of 22.88 mg L-1. M. aeruginosa and P. rubescens were revealed as the microcystin producers, while A. circinalis and Aphanizomenon sp. were identified as a saxitoxin producer through cloning and sequencing PCR products of mcyA, mcyE and sxtA genes. The biomasses of phytoplankton, Cyanobacteria and Microcystis were positively correlated to nutrients, especially to total nitrogen. The total ELISA measurement for microcystin positively correlated with Cyanobacteria (R2 = 0.66, P Microcystis (R2 = 0.64, P 2 = 0.59, P basic information on the occurrence and biomasses of Cyanobacteria and total phytoplankton, and the analysis for toxic species, which were the first report for the inland water in Ohio, USA, will document the succession patterns of phytoplankton and toxin production over a season and provide data to predict risk occurrence to b

关键词： Phytoplankton Cyanobacteria bloom Toxin Producer Lake

The Effect of Small Scale Topographic Gradient on the Distribution and Community Utilization of Indigenous Woody Species in a Lowland Dryland Environment, Lokapel Area, Turkana, Kenya

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Natural Resources 2017年第9期8卷 592-609页

作者： Francis Mwaura joel Wamalwa Tiffany Mwake Department of Geography & Environmental Studies University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya County Government of Kakamega Kakamega Kenya

The landscape of Lokapel is characterized by a distinctive dryland vegetation, whose distribution is influenced by altitudinal change and the use of woody species by the local community along 100 m altitudinal gradient from River Turkwel (662 m) to Lokapel Hill (764 m). The paper undertakes the following: (a) to establish the influence of elevation on woody vegetation species distribution in different landscapes in the area and (b) to assess the consumptive and non-consumptive uses of woody vegetation in the area by the local community and determine the utility patterns along the altitudinal gradient. A total of forty three species of woody plants were identified with the top five species in terms of widespread distribution being;Indigofera cliffordearia (10 percent), Acacia tortilis (9.8 percent), A. nubica (8.8 percent), balanites rotundifolia (6.3 percent), and Acacia reficiens (5.4 percent). The local people used the indigenous woody species to address a total of 18 demands including provision of livestock fodder, household construction, bio-energy, and herbal medicines. The variation in woody species and their uses showed the total number of woody species distribution has the highest peak around 680 m but altitude accounted only for 51 percent of the variation in woody species.

关键词： Tropical Drylands Landscape Gradient Woody Species Distribution Vegetation Uses

红树林真菌Hypocrea lixii Vb1的抗癌及抗菌活性(英文)

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中国天然药物 2012年第1期10卷 77-80页

作者： b.Valentin bhimba D.A.Agnel Defora Franco Jibi Merin Mathew Geena Mary Jose Elsa Lycias joel M.Thangaraj Department of biotechnology Sathyabama UniversityChennai-600 119India CAS in Marine biology Annamalai UniversityParangipettaiChidambaramTamilNaduIndia

AIM:Mangrove is one of the oldest living tree species and its leaves are among the most extensively studied botanicals in use *** research throughout the world has found evidence to support the fact that its foliar extracts have great potential against human microbial *** study highlights the isolation of foliar fungi from Rhizophora mucronata,Avicenna officialis and Avicenna ***:It was isolated in Sabouroud's Dextrose Agar and mass cultivation was done in Sabouroud's Dex-trose ***:The ethyl acetate extract showed maximum antibacterial activity which inturn checked for different concentra-tion against bacterial pathogens and anticancer activity for Hep2 and MCF7 cell line in *** DNA was isolated from the fungi and the ITS region of 5.8 s RNA was sequenced and assigned to new species as they are separated from the type strains phylogenetic neighbors by sequence ***:This preliminary screening of fungal endophytes revealed their potential to yield potent bioactive compounds for drug discovery programmes.

关键词：生物工程学仿生学基因工程酶工程

Assessment of Newly Released and Well-Established Rabbiteye blueberry ( <i>Vaccinium ashei </i>Reade) Cultivars in North Alabama

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第1期9卷 78-98页

作者： Richard joel Potter Elina D. Coneva 101 Funchess Hall Department of Horticulture Auburn University Auburn AL USA

Many cultivars of rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) have been recently developed with diverse vegetative and cropping characteristics, but scientific data on their performance in Alabama is limited. An experiment was established at the North Alabama Horticulture Research Center, Cullman, AL (lat. 34°11'N, long. -86°47'E), USDA Hardiness Zone 7b, to evaluate the performance and horticultural value of the following rabbiteye blueberry cultivars: “Alapaha”, “baldwin”, “brightwell”, “Climax”, “Ira”, “Montgomery”, “Onslow”, “Powderblue”, “Premier”, “Tifblue”, and “Yadkin”. Cultivar flowering and ripening season, yield potential, fruit quality characteristics, and vegetative growth were investigated during 2009 and 2010. “Alapaha”, “Climax”, and “Premier” were found to have early ripening in north Alabama. “Alapaha” flowered later than the earliest flowering cultivars, but ripened consistently early, and this later flowering can serve to protect “Alapaha” crop from late freeze damage. Cultivars were not found to differ with respect to their cumulative yield in their fifth and sixth leaf. “brightwell” and “Climax” had the firmest berries, while “Climax” and “Premier” had the sweetest berries.

关键词： Rabbiteye blueberry Fruit Quality Yield Cold Tolerance

Simulation of Nigerian Crude Oil Types for Modular Refinery (Topping Plant) Operations

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2022年第4期12卷 218-232页

作者： Adeloye Olalekan Michael Afolayan joel Tobi Cyrus Aseibichin Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria

This research study focused on the need to curb scarcity and importation of petroleum finished products in oil-producing nation Nigeria through the operation of conventional modular refineries in conjunction with major refineries operating efficiently. Hence, the study focused on the suitability and operations of conventional modular refinery processes by considering twenty different types of Nigerian crude oil for crude oil assay analysis and classification using Aspen Hysys. The crude oil assay results categorized the twenty Nigerian crude oil types as light and medium sweet crude, while based on recovery volume percent at a true boiling point of 370℃, the twenty crude oil types were categorized into Group A (crude oil with recovery volume above 80%), Group b (crude oil with recovery volume between 70% and 79%) and Group C (crude oil with recovery volume below 70%) respectively. besides, light and medium sweet oil types were simulated in a conventional modular refinery (topping plant) at different numbers of column trays (25, 29, 35, 40 and 48) to determine their product yield. based on product yield and equipment costs at different numbers of tray columns, a modular refinery with twenty-nine column trays was applied in this study. Thus, twenty Nigerian crude oil types were simulated in a conventional modular refinery of 30,000 barrel per day capacity and twenty-nine column trays respectively to evaluate their product yield and tray compositions.

关键词： Topping Plant Column Tray Number Products Recovery Volume Equipment Cost Simulation Aspen Hysys

New Partnerships for Co-delivery of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 680-685页

作者： Adrian bucher Andrew Collins ben Heaven Taylor David Pan Emma Visman James Norris joel CGill John Rees Mark Felling Marta Tufet bayona Sonia Cassidy Virginia Murray UK Collaborative on Development Research London NW12BEUK Disaster and Development Network(DDN) Department of Geography and Environmental SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE18STUK Evidence Aid AbingdonOxfordshire OX135DBUK Global Health Medical Research Council SwindonSwindon SN21FLUK Department of Geography King's College LondonLondon WC2B 4BGUK VNG Consulting Limited Kent TN248DHUK Ordnance Survey Southampton SO16 OASUK Global Geoscience British Geological SurveyKeyworth NG125GGUK Earth Hazards and Observatories British Geological SurveyNottingham NG123ENUK ALLFED LondonUK Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health EnglandLondon SE18UGUK

Partnerships have become a comer stone of contemporary research that recognizes working across disciplines and co-production with intended users as essential to enabling sustainable ***,research that addresses sustainable development challenges brings an urgent need to reflect on the ways that partnerships are supported,and for the disaster risk management and resilience communities,efforts to support realization of the wider 2030 Agenda for sustainable development bring particular *** November 2019,the UK Disasters Research Group(DRG)brought together a number of key stakeholders focused on disaster risk,resilience,and sustainability research relevant to Official DevelopmeAssistance to consider how fit for purpose existing partnership models are for the pace of change required to deliver the priorities of the wider 2030 *** were invited to discuss how research partnerships across three levels(individual and project-based;national and institutional;and international)could be improved based on elements that facilitate robust partnerships and learning from aspects that hinder *** the discussions,participanls emphasized the importance of effective communication mechanisms in building partnerships,co-designing projects,and establishing shared *** approaches to addressing equitable partnerships and funding more substantive timelines will be key to responding to the challenges of the 2030 Agenda.

关键词： 2030 Agenda for sustainable development Disaster risk reduction DRG Inter national development Partnerships Research fun ding