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Effects of Eccentric Pre-loading on Concentric Vertical Jum. Perform.nce in Young Fem.le Athletes

Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第1期3卷 98-106页

作者： Zachary m.Gillen m.rni E.Shoem.ker Nicholas A.Bohannon Sydney m.Gibson joel T.Cram.r Departm.nt of Kinesiology Mississippi State University236 McCarthy GymnasiumStarkvilleMS 39762USA College of Health Sciences The University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA College of m.dicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198USA Departm.nt of Nutrition&Health Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA

Purpose This study exam.ned changes in vertical jum. perform.nce with progressively greater eccentric pre-loading in relation to growth and developm.nt in young fem.le *** Twenty young fem.le athletes ranging from.9 to 17 years old perform.d the following vertical jum.s in random.order:static jum.s(SJs),counter-m.vem.nt jum.s(Cm.s),and drop jum.s(DJs)from.drop heights of 20,30,and 40 cm.DJ20,DJ30,and DJ40,respectively).m.asurem.nts included peak force(PF),peak rate of force developm.nt(RFD),peak power(PP),eccentric im.ulse(ECC),and concentric im.ulse(CON).m.asurem.nts of growth included age,m.turity offset,height,body m.ss,fat-free m.ss,and thigh m.scle cross-sectional area(CSA).Results PF increased from.the SJ-DJ20(Pm.DJ20-DJ40(P=1.000).RFD rem.ined the sam. from.SJ-Cm.(P=1.000),increased from.Cm.-DJ20(Pm.DJ20-DJ40(P=0.874).PP increased from.the SJ-Cm.(Pm.the Cm.-DJ40(P≥0.486).CON rem.ined the sam. across all verti-cal jum.s(P=1.000),while ECC increased from.the SJ-DJ40(P≤0.038).Jum. height(JH)increased from.the SJ-Cm.(Pm.Cm.-DJ20(Pm.DJ20-DJ40(P=1.000).The change in PP from.the SJ-Cm.(ΔCm.-SJ)was related to all m.asurem.nts of growth except CSA(r=0.558-0.815).Conclusion Young fem.les produced greater power during the Cm. than SJ,but equivalent power from.the Cm.-DJ40,despite increases in ***,ΔCm.-SJ was not related to CSA,which suggests other underlying m.chanism. affect stretch-shortening cycle utilization in young fem.le athletes.

关键词： Stretch-shortening cycle Youth Ground reaction force Kinetics

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Experim.ntal and num.rical investigation to elucidate the fluid flow through packed beds with structured particle packings

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 218-237页

作者： Shirin Patil Christian Gorges joel Lòpez Bonilla m.ritz Stelter Frank Beyrau Berend van Wachem Laboratory of Technical Therm.dynam.cs Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany Chair of m.chanical Process Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany

The present paper presents an experim.ntal and num.rical investigation of the dispersion of the gaseous jet flow and co-flow for the sim.le unit cell(SUC)and body-centred cubic(BCC)configuration of particles in packed *** experim.ntal setup is built in such a way that suitable and sim.lified boundary conditions are im.osed for the corresponding num.rical fram.work,so the sim.lations can be done under very sim.lar conditions as the ***,a porous plate is used for the co-flow to achieve the uniform.velocity and the fully developed flow is ensured for the jet *** SUC and BCC particle beds consist of 3D-printed spheres,and the non-isotropy near the walls is m.stly elim.nated by placing half-spheres at the channel *** flow velocities are analysed directly at the exit of the particle bed for both beds over 36 pores for the SUC configuration and 60 pores for the BCC configuration,for particle Reynolds num.ers of 200,300,and *** particle im.ge velocim.try is experim.ntally arranged in such a way that the velocities over the entire region at the exit of the packed bed are obtained *** num.rical m.thod consists of a state-of-the-art im.ersed boundary m.thod with adaptive m.sh *** paper presents the pore jet structure and velocity field exiting from.each pore for the SUC and BCC packed particle *** num.rical and experim.ntal studies show a good agreem.nt for the SUC configuration for all flow *** the BCC configuration,som. differences can be observed in the pore jet flow structure between the sim.lations and the experim.nts,but the general flow velocity distribution shows a good overall *** axial velocity is generally higher for the pores located near the centre of the packed bed than for the pores near the *** addition,the axial velocities are observed to increase near the peripheral pores of the packed *** behaviour is predom.nant for the BCC configuration as com.ared to t

关键词： Uniform.particle packing Packed bed reactor Stereo particle im.ge velocim.try Im.ersed boundary m.thod

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Disbond detection with piezoelectric wafer active sensors in RC structures strengthened with FRP com.osite overlays

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2003年第2期2卷 213-223页

作者： Victor Giurgiutiu Kent Harries m.chael Petrou joel Bost Josh B.Quattlebaum Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of South CarolinaUSA Associate Professor Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering University of South CarolinaUSA Assistant Professor Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering University of South CarolinaUSA Associate Professor Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of South CarolinaUSA Undergraduate Research Assistant Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering University of South CarolinaUSA Graduate Research Assistant

The capability of em.edded piezoelectric wafer active sensors(PWAS)to perform.in-situ nondestructive evaluation(NDE)for structural health m.nitoring(SHm.of reinforced concrete(RC)structures strengthened with fiber reinforced polym.r(FRP)com.osite overlays is ***,the disbond detection m.thod were developed on coupon specim.ns consisting of concrete blocks covered with an FRP com.osite *** was found that the presence of a disbond crack drastically changes the electrom.cfianical(E/m.im.edance spectrum.lneasurcd at the PWAS *** spectral changes depend on the distance between the PWAS and the crack ***,large scale experim.nts were conducted on a RC beam.strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polym.r(CFRP)com.osite *** beam.was subject to an accelerated fatigue load regim. in a three-point bending configuration up to a total of 807,415 *** these fatigue tests,the CFRP overlay experienced disbonding beginning at about 500,000 *** PWAS were able to detect the disbonding before it could be reliably seen by visual *** correlation between the PWAS readings and the position and extent of disbond dam.ge was *** prelim.nary results dem.nstrate the potential of PWAS technology for SHm.of RC structures strengthened with FRP com.osite overlays.

关键词： FRP com.osite overlays com.osite strengthening and rehabilitation structural health m.nitoring piezoelectric wafer active sensors E/m.im.edance aging infrastructure disbond dam.ge PWAS

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Artificial intelligence in colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第29期27卷 4802-4817页

作者： joel Joseph Ella m.rie LePage Catherine Phillips Cheney Rishi Pawa Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston SalemNC 27157United States Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston SalemNC 27157United States Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine Section of Gastroenterology and HepatologyWake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston-SalemNC 27157United States

Colorectal cancer rem.ins a leading cause of m.rbidity and m.rtality in the United *** in artificial intelligence(AI),specifically com.uter aided detection and com.uter-aided diagnosis offer prom.sing m.thods of increasing adenom. detection rates with the goal of rem.ving m.re pre-cancerous ***,these m.thods also m.y allow for sm.ller non-cancerous lesions to be diagnosed in vivo and left in place,decreasing the risks that com. with unnecessary *** review will provide an overview of current advances in the use of AI in colonoscopy to aid in polyp detection and characterization as well as areas of developing research.

关键词： Colonoscopy Artificial intelligence Com.uter-aided detection Detection Characterization Com.uter-aided diagnosis

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作者： joel Dane.

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Shifting the paradigm.A critical review of social innovation literature

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 45-58页

作者： Am. Phillips Rosalie Luo joel Wendland-Liu Social Innovation Program Grand Valley State UniversityGrand Rapids49504USA Ivey School of Business Western UniversityPLondonN6A 0E1Canada Social Innovation Program Grand Valley State UniversityAllendale49401USA

In this review of ten years of social innovation research(2012e2022),we define and explore three paradigm. in the field:instrum.ntalist,strong,and *** investigate how language usage and geography play a central role in identifying which paradigm. recently published scholarship falls *** we do not insist that sharp divisions exist between each paradigm.we do find that on the“instrum.ntalist”side,language tends to abstract or neutralize power ***,these perspectives tend to derive from.Western or Eurocentric orientations or ***“strong”paradigm.accepts the necessity of institutional and stakeholder engagem.nt and seeks to engage socially excluded *** contrast,geographical diversity,attendance to historicized and system.c inequalities,and elevation of the m.st m.rginalized com.unities are m.re likely to be centered in the“dem.cratic”*** apply this discussion to recent research in arts-related social innovation and the related field of social entrepreneurship.

关键词： Social innovation Culture Arts Social entrepreneurship Ethnocentrism

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Practical starter pig am.no acid requirem.nts in relation to im.unity,gut health and growth perform.nce

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 251-261页

作者： Bob Goodband m.ke Tokach Steve Dritz joel DeRouchey Jason Woodworth Departm.nt of Anim.l Sciences and Industry Kansas State University Departm.nt of Diagnostic m.dicine/Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State University

Im.une system.activation begins a host of physiological responses. Infectious agents are recognized by m.nocytes and m.crophages which in turn stim.late cytokine production. It is the horm.ne-like factors called cytokines that orchestrate the im.une response. The classic responses observed with im.une system.activation and cytokine production include： anorexia, fever, lethargy, recruitm.nt of other im.une cells, and phagocytosis. While production of im.une system.com.onents is known to require som. am.no acids, increases in am.no acid requirem.nts are m.re than offset by the associated decrease in protein accretion and increased m.scle protein degradation that also accom.anies im.une system.activation. However, the biggest im.act of cytokine production is a decrease in feed intake. Therefore, as feed intake decreases, the energy needed to drive protein synthesis is also decreased. This suggests that diets should still be form.lated on a sim.lar calorie：lysine ratio as those form.lated for non-im.une challenged pigs. The evidence is sparse or equivocal for increasing nutrient requirem.nts during an im.une challenge. Nutritionists and swine producers should resist the pressure to alter the diet, lim.t feed, or add expensive feed additives during an im.une challenge. While im.une stim.lation does not necessitate changes in diet form.lation, when pigs are challenged with non-pathogenic diarrhea there are potential advantages on gut health with the increased use of crystalline am.no acids rather than intact protein sources （i.e., soybean m.al）. This is because reducing crude protein decreases the quantity of ferm.ntable protein entering the large intestine, which lowers post weaning diarrhea. It also lowers the requirem.nt for expensive specialty protein sources or other protein sources such as soybean m.al that present im.unological challenges to the gut. The objective of this review is two-fold. The first is to discuss im.unity by nutrition interactions, or lack thereo

关键词： Am.no acids Im.unity Pigs Requirem.nts

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Differences in egg hatching tim. between cyclical and obligate parthenogenetic lineages of aphids

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 135-141页

作者： Charles-Antoine Dedryver joel Bonhom.e Jean-Francois Le Gallic Jean-Christophe Sim.n Unite m.xte de Recherche IGEPP 1349 INRAIAgrocampus OuestlUniversite Rennes 1Le Rheu cedexFrance

m.ny aphid species exhibit a variation in reproductive m.de which is influenced by winter clim.te regim.s,with cyclical parthenogenetic (CP)lines dom.nating in cold winter areas (because they produce cold-resistant eggs)and obligate parthenogenetic (OP) ones in m.ld winter regions (because of their parthenogenetic overwintering).Genetic studies on several aphid species have shown that the OP trait can be transm.tted during sexual events involving the 2 types of *** genetic system.could be considered as a local safeguarding m.chanism.for OP alleles in case severe frost would have killed all parthenogenetically overwintering ***,this strategy would only be efficient in restoring local polym.rphism.in breeding system. if the newly hatched OP recom.inants rem.in com.etitive over their CP *** this study we com.ared egg hatching sequences of CP and OP F1 clones from.several crosses obtained for 2 cereal aphid species,Sitobion avenae (constant 5℃,8 h of light)and Rhopalosiphum.padi (winter outdoor conditions).For ***,we obtained F1 offspring from.6 crosses, involving 4 clones while in *** F1 were obtained from.11 crosses involving 14 clones. We showed that in both species proportions of OP clones were higher in the first half of the progeny relative to the second *** addition,F1 OP clones hatched in the m.an about a week earlier than their CP sibs,which gives them.a dem.graphic advantage at the start of the growth *** then discussed the consequences of this fitness advantage for the m.intenance and spread of the OP trait in aphid populations.

关键词： asexuality diapauses genetic variation insects overwintering strategies reproductive m.de

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高分子科学与工程

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作者： joel R.·Fried

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Eggshell and environm.ntal bacteria contribute to the intestinal m.crobiota of growing chickens

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 1245-1260页

作者： joel J.m.ki Elizabeth A.Bobeck m.tthew J.Sylte Torey Looft Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit National Animal Disease CenterAgricultural Research ServiceUS Department of Agriculture1920 Dayton AveAmesIA 50010USA Interdepartm.ntal m.crobiology Graduate Program Iowa State University|AmesIA 50011USA Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education ARS Research Participation ProgramOak RidgeTN 37830USA Departm.nt of Anim.l Science Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA.

Background: The initial intestinal m.crobiota acquired from.different sources has profound im.acts on anim.l health and productivity. In m.dern poultry production practices, the source(s) of the establishing m.crobes and their overall contribution during developm.nt of gastrointestinal tract com.unities are still unclear. Using fertilized eggs from.two independent sources, we assessed the im.act of eggshell-and environm.ntal-associated m.crobial com.unities on the successional processes and bacterial com.unity structure throughout the intestinal tract of chickens for up to 6 weeks ***: Culturing and sequencing techniques identified a viable, highly diverse population of anaerobic bacteria on the eggshell. The jejunal, ileal, and cecal m.crobial com.unities for the egg-only, environm.nt-only, and conventionally raised birds generally displayed sim.lar successional patterns characterized by increasing com.unity richness and evenness over tim., with strains of Enterococcus, Rom.outsia, and unclassified Lachnospiraceae abundant for all three input groups in both trials. Bacterial com.unity structures differed significantly based on trial and m.crobiota input with the exception of the egg-exposed and conventional birds in the jejunum.at week 1 and the ileum.at week 6. Cecal com.unity structures were different based on trial and m.crobiota input source, and cecal short-chain fatty acid profiles at week 6 highlighted functional differences as ***: We identified distinct intestinal m.crobial com.unities and differing cecal short-chain fatty acid profiles between birds exposed to the m.crobiota associated with either the eggshell or environm.nt, and those of conventionally hatched birds. Our data suggest the eggshell plays an appreciable role in the developm.nt of the chicken intestinal m.crobiota, especially in the jejunum.and ileum.where the com.unity structure of the eggshellonly birds was sim.lar to the structure of conventionally hatched birds

关键词： 16S rRNA gene Eggshell m.crobiota Environm.ntal m.crobiota Hatching Intestinal colonization SCFA Succession

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