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Evaluation of a chitosan-polyethylene glycol paste as a local antibiotic delivery device

World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第2期8卷 130-141页

作者： Cheyenne S Rhodes Christopher m Alexander joel m berretta Harry S Courtney Karen E Beenken mark S Smeltzer joel D Bumgardner Warren O Haggard J Amber Jennings Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Memphis Department of medicine University of Tennessee Health Science CenterVeterans Affairs Medical Center Department of microbiology and Immunology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

AIm To investigate the efficacy of a chitosan/polyethylene glycol blended paste as a local antibiotic delivery device, particularly in musculoskeletal *** Acidic(A) chitosan sponges and neutralized(N) chitosan/polyethylene glycol(PEG) blended sponges were combined in ratios of 3A:2N, 1A:1N, and 2A:3N; then hydrated with phosphate buffered saline to form a chitosan/PEG paste(CPP). Both in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to determine the potential CPP has as a local antibiotic delivery device. In vitro biocompatibility was assessed by the cytotoxic response of fibroblast cells exposed to the experimental groups. Degradation rate was measured as the change in dry mass due to lysozyme based degradation over a 10-d period. The antibiotic elution profiles and eluate activity of CPP were evaluated over a 72-h period. To assess the in vivo antimicrobial efficacy of the CPP, antibiotic-loaded paste samples were exposed to subcutaneously implanted murine catheters inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus. material properties of the experimental paste groups were evaluated by testing the ejection force from a syringe, as well as the adhesion to representative musculoskeletal tissue *** The highly acidic CPP group, 3A:2N, displayed significantly lower cell viability than the control sponge group. The equally distributed group, 1A:1N, and the highly neutral group, 2A:3N, displayed similar cell viability to the control sponge group and are deemed biocompatible. The degradation studies revealed CPP is more readily degradable than the chitosan sponge control group. The antibiotic activity studies indicated the CPP groups released antibiotics at a constant rate and remained above the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the respective test bacteria for a longer time period than the control chitosan sponges, as well as displaying a minimized burst release. The in vivo functional model resulted in complete bacterial infection prevention in all catheters tr

关键词： Chitosan Polyethylene glycol Paste Local antibiotic delivery Biofilm Bacterial infection

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modified activated carbon with interconnected fibrils of iron-oxyhydroxides using mn^(2+) as morphology regulator, for a superior arsenic removal from water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 403-414页

作者： Cesar Nieto-Delgado joel Gutiérrez-martínez J.Rene Rangel-méndez Environmental Sciences Division Potosino Institute of Scientific and Technological ResearchIPICyT

The arsenic removal efficiency of iron-modified activated carbons depends greatly on the number of available iron oxide surface sites, which are given by the surface area of the anchored particles. In this sense, aiming the generation of an adsorbent with superior arsenic adsorption capacity, we developed a protocol to anchor interconnected fibrils of iron oxyhydroxides, using mn^(2+) as a morphology regulator. The protocol was based on a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, using bituminous based activated carbon and both Fe^(2+) and mn^(2+) ions in the hydrolysis solution. The elemental analysis of modified carbons revealed that mn does not anchor to the carbon. However, when mn is included in the hydrolysis solution, the iron content in the activated carbon increased up to 3.5 wt%,without considerable decreasing the adsorbent surface area. Under specific hydrothermal conditions, the mn^(2+) promoted the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles shaped as interconnected fibrils. This material showed a superior arsenic adsorption capacity in comparison to similar iron modified activated carbons(5 mg As/g carbon, at 2 mg As/L),attributed to the increase in quantity and availability of active sites located on the novel interconnected fibrils of iron oxyhydroxides nanostructures.

关键词： Iron oxide nanostructures Hydrothermal synthesis microwave Adsorption capacity Kinetics

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Effects of intermittent sprint and plyometric training on endurance running performance

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第5期8卷 471-477页

作者： Danny Lum Frankie Tan joel Pang Tiago m.Barbosa Sports Science Centre Singapore Sports Institute397630 Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore119077 Singapore Physical Education and Sports Science Academic Group National Institute of EducationNanyang Technological University639798 Singapore

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of intermittent sprint training and plyometric training on endurance running ***:Fourteen moderately trained male endurance runners were allocated into either the intermittent sprint training group(n = 7)or the plyometric training group(n = 7).The preliminary tests required subjects to perform a treadmill graded exercise test,a countermovement jump test for peak power measurement,and a 10-km time *** included 12 sessions of either intermittent sprint or plyometric training carried out twice per *** completion of the intervention,post-tests were ***:Both groups showed significant reduction in weekly training mileage from pre-intervention during the intervention *** were significant improvements in the 10-km time trial performance and peak *** was also significant improvement in relative peak power for both *** 10-km time trial performance and relative peak power showed a moderate inverse ***:These findings showed that both intermittent sprint and plyometric training resulted in improved 10-km running performance despite reduction in training *** improvement in running performance was accompanied by an improvement in peak power and showed an inverse relationship with relative peak power.

关键词： Endurance training Explosive strength training Leg stiffness muscular power Running economy Stretch-shortening cycle

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Reconstructing f(T) modified gravity from ECHDE and ECNADE models

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第9期72卷 75-88页

作者： A E Godonou Ines G Salako m J S Houndjo Etienne Baffou joel Tossa Institut de mathematiques et de Sciences Physiques(ImSP) 01 BP 613 Porto-NovoBenin Ecole de Genie Rural(EGR) 01 BP 55 KetouBenin Faculte des Sciences et Techniques de Natitingou(FAST) BP 72NatitingouBenin

We investigate alternative candidates to dark energy(DE) that can explain the current state of the Universe in the framework of the generalized teleparallel theory of gravity f(T), where T denotes the torsion scalar. To achieve this, we carry out a series of reconstructions taking into account the ordinary and entropy-corrected versions of the holographic and new agegraphic DE *** models are used as alternatives to DE in the literature in order to describe the current state of our Universe. It is remarked that the proposed models indicate behavior akin to phantom or quintessence models. Furthermore, we also generate the parameters of the equation of state associated with entropy-corrected models and we observe a phase transition between the quintessence state and phantom state as it is shown by the recent observational data. We also investigate the stability of these models and we create the {r-s} trajectories and compare with the ΛCDm limit. The behavior of certain physical parameters such as the speed of sound and the Statefinder diagnostic pair {r-s} is compatible with the current observational data.

关键词： teleparallel gravity ECHDE ECNADE

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Exploring the tectonostratigraphy of the Pakistan Himalaya with new detrital zircon geochronology and neodymium isotope data from the Kaghan Valley

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 117-132页

作者： W.joel Schiffer Delores m.Robinson Shah Faisal Harold H.Stowell Department of Geological Sciences and Center for Sedimentary Basin Studies University of AlabamaPO Box 870338TuscaloosaAL 35487USA National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25130Pakistan

In the central Himalaya,the Greater and Lesser Himalayan tectonostratigraphic zones can be distinguished from each other by combining detrital zircon U-Pb ages and whole-rock Nd isotopic *** the Hazara-Kashmir syntaxis of northern Pakistan,rock units in the Kaghan valley have been variously assigned to the Tethyan,Greater,and Lesser Himalayan *** determine which tectonostratigraphic zones are represented,we sampled across the Batal thrust in the northern Kaghan valley because this structure is identified in some research as the main Central *** from the footwall yield Paleo-to mesoproterozoic maximum depositional ages(-1.8-1.1 Ga)and an averageεNd(0)value *** from the hanging wall yield Neoproterozoic maximum depositional ages(~1000-600 ma)andεNd(0)values *** contrasting detrital zircon ages show that the Batal thrust in the Kaghan valley is a major structural ***,these data lack the characteristic detrital zircon age spectra andεNd(0)values of Greater and Lesser Himalayan rocks north and south of the main Central thrust in the central Himalaya,***,either the Batal thrust is not the main Central thrust,or the main Central thrust in the Kaghan valley cuts a different structural level and carries rock units not seen outside the Hazara-Kashmir syntaxis.

关键词： Pakistan Himalaya Tectonostratigraphy main Central thrust Detrital zircon geochronology Neodymium isotopes

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Heavy-organic particle deposition from petroleum fluid flow in oil wells and pipelines

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Petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 502-508页

作者： joel Escobedo G.Ali mansoori University of Illinois at Chicago 851 S. Morgan St. (M/C 063) Chicago IL 60607-7052 USA

Suspended asphaltenic heavy organic particles in petroleum fluids may stick to the inner walls of oil wells and pipelines. This is the major reason for fouling and arterial blockage in the petroleum industry. This report is devoted the study of the mechanism of migration of suspended heavy organic particles towards the walls in oil-producing wells and pipelines. In this report we present a detailed analytical model for the heavy organics suspended particle deposition coefficient corresponding to petroleum fluids flow production conditions in oil wells. We predict the rate of particle deposition during various turbulent flow regimes. The turbulent boundary layer theory and the concepts of mass transfer are utilized to model and calculate the particle deposition rates on the walls of flowing conduits. The developed model accounts for the eddy diffusivity, and Brownian diffusivity as well as for inertial effects. The analysis presented in this paper shows that rates of particle deposition （during petroleum fluid production） on the walls of the flowing channel due solely to diffusion effects are small. It is also shown that deposition rates decrease with increasing particle size. However, when the process is momentum controlled （large particle sizes） higher deposition rates are expected.

关键词： Asphaltene Brownian deposition coefficient diffusivity diamondoids heavy organic particles paraffin/wax particle deposition petroleum fluid prefouling behavior production operation,suspended particles turbulent flow

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Diabetic foot ulcer:A comprehensive review of pathophysiology and management modalities

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第8期11卷 1684-1693页

作者： joel m Raja miguel A maturana Sharif Kayali Amir Khouzam Nephertiti Efeovbokhan Department of Internal medicine University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTN 38119United States Department of Cardiology NEA Baptist JonesboroJonesboroAR 72401United States

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a debilitating and severe manifestation ofuncontrolled and prolonged diabetes that presents as ulceration, usually locatedon the plantar aspect of the foot. Approximately 15% of individuals with diabeteswill eventually develop DFU, and 14%-24% of them will require amputation ofthe ulcerated foot due to bone infection or other ulcer-related complications. Thepathologic mechanisms underlying DFU are comprise a triad: Neuropathy,vascular insufficiency, and secondary infection due to trauma of the *** local and invasive care along with novel approaches like stem celltherapy pave the way to reduce morbidity, decrease amputations, and preventmortality from DFU. In this manuscript, we review the current literature withfocus on the pathophysiology, preventive options, and definitive management ofDFU.

关键词： Diabetes Ulcer Foot Antibiotics Revascularization Cell therapy

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Electromyographic and mechanomyographic Responses During Isokinetic Leg Extensions in Children Versus Adolescents

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第3期5卷 226-235页

作者： Zachary m.Gillen marni E.Shoemaker joel T.Cramer Department of Kinesiology Mississippi State University236 McCarthy GymnasiumStarkvilleMS 39762USA School of Health and Consumer Sciences South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSDUSA College of Health Professions and Sciences University of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine peak torque(PT),mean power(mP),electromyographic(EmG)amplitude,mechanomyographic(mmG)amplitude,and neuromuscular efficiency from EmG and mmG amplitude(NmE_(EmG)and NmE_(mmG),respectively)across the velocity spectrum in children versus *** Seventeen children(n=8 males,n=9 females)and 22 adolescents(n=11 males,n=11 females)*** completed maximal concentric isokinetic leg extensions at 60,120,180,240 and 300°/***,mP,EmG amplitude,and mmG amplitude were quantified during all muscle ***_(EmG)and NmE_(mmG)were quantified by expressing PT relative to EmG and mmG amplitude,respectively,for each muscle *** PT,mP,NmE_(EmG),and NmE_(mmG)were greater for the adolescents than the children collapsed across sex and veloc-ity(P≤0.021).There were no significant differences for EmG amplitude(P≥0.051),while mmG amplitude increased significantly from 60 to 240°/s(Pm 240 to 300°/s(PmG and mmG amplitude(NmE_(EmG)and NmE_(mmG),respectively),in conjunction with measurements of torque and power production,may provide practitioners a unique method of examining growth and development-related augmentations in neuromuscular function during dynamic movements.

关键词： Electromyography mechanomyography Neuromuscular efficiency Growth and development

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Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol fibres incorporating an antimicrobial gel for enzymatically controlled reactive oxygen species release

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2024年第6期7卷 899-925页

作者： joel Yupanqui mieles Cian Vyas Evangelos Daskalakis mohamed Hassan James Birkett Abdalla m.Omar Gavin Humphreys Carl Diver Paulo Bartolo Department of mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Chemistry University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Division of Pharmacy and Optometry University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Department of Engineering Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M139PLUK

Wounds pose a risk to the skin,our body's primary defence against *** rise of antibiotic resistance has prompted the development of novel ***-101^(■)is an antimicrobial gel that delivers therapeutic levels of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),a reactive oxygen species,directly to the wound *** this study,electrospinning was used to incorporate RO-101^(■)into a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)sub-micron fibrous mesh that can act as a delivery agent,achieve a sustained release profile,and provide a barrier against *** incorporation of this gel into sub-micron fibres was confirmed via nuclear magnetic resonance ***,scanning electron microscopy exhibited smooth and uniform meshes with diameters in the 200-500 nm ***/RO-101 electrospun meshes generated H_(2)O_(2) in concentrations exceeding 1 m m/(g·m L)(1 m m=1 mmol/L)after 24 h,and the role of sterilisation on H_(2)O_(2) release was ***/RO-101meshes exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus(***)and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***)bacteria,achieving viable count reductions of up to 1 log unit CFU/mm^(2)(CFU:colony-forming units).moreover,these meshes were capable of disrupting biofilm formation,even against multidrug-resistant organisms such as methicillin-resistant ***(mRSA).Furthermore,increasing the RO-101^(■)concentration resulted in higher H_(2)O_(2) production and an enhanced antimicrobial effect,while fibroblast cell viability and proliferation tests showed a concentration-dependent response with high cytocompatibility at low RO-101^(■)*** study therefore demonstrates the potential of highly absorbent PVA/RO-101 meshes as potential antimicrobial wound dressings.

关键词： Antimicrobial Electrospinning Hydrogen peroxide Polyvinyl alcohol Reactive oxygen species Tissue engineering Wound dressing

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In-plane coherent control of plasmon resonances for plasmonic switching and encoding

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 994-1003页

作者： Liyong Jiang Tingting Yin Alexander m.Dubrovkin Zhaogang Dong Yuntian Chen Weijin Chen joel K.W.Yang Zexiang Shen Department of Physics School of ScienceNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies The Photonics InstituteSchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang LinkSingapore 637371Singapore Institute of materials Research and Engineering A*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)#08-03 InnovisSingapore 138634Singapore School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore

Considerable attention has been paid recently to coherent control of plasmon resonances in metadevices for potential applications in all-optical light-with-light signal modulation and image *** reports based on out-ofplane coherent control of plasmon resonances were established by modulating the position of a metadevice in standing *** we show that destructive and constructive absorption can be realized in metallic nano-antennas through in-plane coherent control of plasmon resonances,which is determined by the distribution rule of electricalfield components of *** provide proof-of-principle demonstrations of plasmonic switching effects in a gold nanodisk monomer and dimer,and propose a plasmonic encoding strategy in a gold nanodisk ***-plane coherent control of plasmon resonances may open a new avenue toward promising applications in optical spectral enhancement,imaging,nanolasing,and optical communication in nanocircuits.

关键词： coherent plane resonance

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