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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of central Mexico during the cOVID-19 lockdown

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： Victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo Torres-Jardón Agustín García-Reynoso iván Y.Hernández-Paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and climate change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the cOVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air *** Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry-hot season when biomass burning activity is ***,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of central *** studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the new *** applied a factor separation technique and process analysis to estimate the pure and synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the *** results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed nO_(x)-limited and VOc-limited regional *** contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by changing the regional background levels which potentially could bias high ozone production efficiency *** the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry-hot season targeting mainly mobile emissions will likely be offset by biomass burning plumes.A regional and synergic policy aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： cOVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analysis

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Beta-HcG Levels and Ovarian Ultrasonography Results among non-Pregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Port Harcourt, nigeria: A cross-Sectional Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 233-241页

作者： celine c. Agonsi Francis Anacletus joel Aluko chinemerem Eleke Joy c. Samuel African centre of Public Health and Toxicological Research (AcE-PUTOR) University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria Department of nursing Science University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria

Background: certain ovarian cancers that were previously common in postmenopausal women are now increasingly observed in women of reproductive age. The research on using β-HcG as a diagnostic biomarker for ovarian cancer in women of reproductive age is ongoing. Aim: This study assessed the level of serum β-HcG in non-pregnant women of reproductive age and determined its potential association with suspicious ovarian ultrasonography results. Methods: The study was conducted in Port Harcourt, nigeria. This study adopted a cross-sectional design on a quota sample of 224 case notes of women aged 18 - 40 years obtained from eight diagnostic centres. A data extraction form was used for data collection. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and Odds Ratio at 95% confidence and 5% significance levels. Results: About 5.8% of the participants exhibited detectable levels of serum β-HcG above 5 IU/L (World Health Organization reference) at a mean concentration of 5.87 (±1.75) IU/L. About 4.0% of the participants had suspicious ovarian lesions identified through ultrasonography. Participants with elevated serum β-HcG levels above the WHO reference were 59 times more likely to have suspicious ovarian lesions (Odds ratio: 59.4, 95%cI: 12.3 - 287.8, p β-HcG level and age (p = 0.041) as well as parity (p conclusion: Serum β-HcG levels above the WHO reference in non-pregnant women were associated with suspicious ovarian lesions. More rigorous primary research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses are needed to confirm the findings of this study.

关键词： Biomarkers Ovarian cancer Pregnancy Ultrasonography

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Hydrogeochemical and isotopic assessment of the origin of nO_(3)^(−)and n-nH_(3)contents in the aquifer located in a closed lacustrine volcano-sedimentary basin in the metropolitan area of Mexico city

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 719-736页

作者： Jose ivan Morales-Arredondo Maria Aurora Armienta Hernandez joel Edmundo Ortega-Gutierrez Elisa cuellar Ramirez natural Resources Department Institute of GeophysicsNational Autonomous University of MexicoCiudad Universitaria No.3000Col.Copilco UniversidadCoyoacán Delegation04360 MexicoCDMXMexico Instituto Politecnico nacional ***án 55La Laguna Ticoman07340 MexicoCDMXMexico Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla ciudad Universitaria Col.San ManuelPueblaPueMexico

To explain the presence and spatial distribution of nO_(3)^(−)and n-nH_(3)in the Aquifer of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico city(AMAMc),a hydrogeochemical and isotopic analysis using^(13)c DIc(as well as the stable isotopes^(18)O and^(2)H)in groundwater was *** aquifer is located in an old closed lacustrine volcano-sedimentary basin;some wells hosted in the semi-confined zone contain high n-nH_(3)concentrations,while others present nO_(3)^(−)contents in the recharge zones(hosted in an oxidizing environment).In this study,a change in the isotopic signature(primarily in^(18)O and^(2)H)was observed from the recharge zones to the basin center in some of the wells with high nO_(3)^(−)concentrations,this behavior can be attributed to evaporation during the incorporation of recently infiltrated *** addition,the results for^(13)c(along with ^(2) H)in wells with the highest n-nH_(3)concentrations exhibited an atypically broad range of *** indicated the occurrence of hydrogeochemical and/or biochemical processes in the aquifer(in an oxidizing or reducing environment),such as organic degradation,bacterial decomposition(primarily in the ancient Lake Texcoco and which acts as a natural sink for carbon,nitrogen,sulfur,and phosphorus),besides rock weathering and dissolution,which may be responsible for a very marked isotopic modification of the^(13)c(and,to a lesser extent,2 H).Methanotrophic bacterial activity and methanogenic activity may be related to n-nH_(3)removal processes by oxidation and residual water incorporation respectively,whereas the increase in the nO_(3)^(−)content in some wells is due to the recent contribution of poor-quality water due to contamination.

关键词： 18 O and^(13)c isotopes Iron Hydrogeochemical processes nitrate nitrogen species

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A cross-sectional study to assess medication safety,knowledge,attitude,and practices regarding nutrition and medication among pregnant women

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第3期13卷 115-119页

作者： Gauthami R Bipin Shaji Twinkle MJS Krishnapriya Radhakrishnan Reshma Kolar Juno Jerold joel nitte(Deemed to be University) NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences(NGSMIPS)Department of Pharmacy PracticeDeralakatteMangaluruIndia nitte(Deemed to be University) KS Hegde Medical Academy(KSHEMA)Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyDeralakatteMangaluruIndia AJ Institute of Medical Sciences and Research centre Department of Community MedicineMangaluruKarnatakaIndia

Objective:To assess pregnant women's knowledge,attitude,and practice regarding nutrition and medication usage,analyse the prescribing pattern,and categorize them based on the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)***:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 264 pregnant women in the obstetrics and gynaecology department of a tertiary care hospital from October 2022 to August 2023.A knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)questionnaire was prepared in English language by the researchers and validated by an expert panel consisting of 12 *** validated questionnaire was then translated into regional languages,Kannada and *** reliability of the questionnaire was assessed with test-retest method with a representative sample population of 30 subjects(10 subjects for each language).The subjects'knowledge,attitude,and practice were evaluated using the validated KAP *** safety of the medication was assessed using the FDA drug safety classification for ***:The mean scores for nutritional and medication usage knowledge,attitude,and practice were 4.14±1.15,4.50±1.09,and 3.00±1.47,*** 30 prescribed medications,3 belong to category A(no risk in human studies),8 belong to category B(no risk in animal studies),18 belong to category c(risk cannot be ruled out)and 1 drug is not classified.A significant association was observed between medication knowledge and practice(r=0.159,P=0.010).conclusions:Most of the study population knows the need to maintain good dietary and medication practices during *** pregnant women regarding diet and medication usage is crucial in maternal care.

关键词： Pregnancy nutrition Medication Knowledge Practice Safe medication

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Systematic Radio Telescope Alignment Using Portable Fringe Projection Profilometry

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nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 75-85页

作者： joel Berkson Justin Hyatt nathan Julicher Byeongjoon Jeong Isaac Pimienta Rachel Ball Wyatt Ellis Jason Voris Diego Torres‑Barajas Daewook Kim James c.Wyant college of Optical Sciences University of Arizona1630 E.University Blvd.TucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Astronomy at Steward Observatory University of Arizona933 N Cherry Ave.TucsonAZ 85721USA

In 2019,the Event Horizon Telescope(EHT)released the first-ever image of a black hole event *** are now aiming for higher angular resolutions of distant targets,like black holes,to understand more about the fundamental laws of gravity that govern our *** achieve this higher resolution and increased sensitivity,larger radio telescopes are needed to operate at higher frequencies and in larger *** like the next-generation Very Large Array(ngVLA)and the Square-Kilometer Array(SKA)require building hundreds of telescopes with diameters greater than 10 ms over the next *** has a twofold *** telescope surfaces need to be more accurate to operate at higher frequencies,and the logistics involved in maintaining a radio telescope need to be simplified to support them properly in large *** of these problems can be solved with improved methods for surface metrology that are faster and more accurate with a higher *** leads to faster and more accurate panel alignment and,therefore,a more productive *** this paper,we present the use of binocular fringe projection profilometry as a solution to this problem and demonstrate it by aligning two panels on a 3-m radio telescope *** measurement takes only 10 min and directly delivers feedback on the tip,tilt,and piston of each panel to create the ideal reflector shape.

关键词： Metrology Fringe projection profilometry Off-axis alignment Radio astronomy Radio antenna

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Shade shelters increase survival and photosynthetic performance of oak transplants at abandoned fields in semi-arid climates

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 23-28页

作者： claudia gonzález-Salvatierra Ernesto iván Badano joel Flores Juan Pablo Rodas División de ciencias Ambientales Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y TecnológicaA.C.Camino a la Presa San José 2055C.P. 78216San Luis PotosíS.L.P.México.

Forest restorations conducted in semiarid, seasonally dry climates must deal with the intense drought stress that affects tree seedlings during the dry season. Although this water deficit is the most commonly invoked source of mortality for seedlings, several other environmental factors may also preclude survival of transplants. For instance, it has been widely reported that excessive light reduces the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, hence decreasing plant survival, but most seedling transplants in deforested areas are conducted under these light conditions. This study is focused in determining whether excessive light affects the photosynthetic performance and survival of Quercus coccolobifolia, a Mexican oak species, when their seedlings are transplanted in semiarid deforested areas. Further, this study tests the possibility of using artificial shade shelters to improve the ecophysiological performance and survival of seedlings. Oak seedlings were transplanted under full sunlight conditions and beneath artificial shade shelters of two different colors： white and black. To reduce water stress, and hence isolate the effects of light treatments, a drip irrigation system was implemented at each experimental plot. Seedling survival was monitored weekly for 128 days and photosynthetic performance was assessed by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence at three opportunities during the experiment. Sun-exposed seedlings showed lower photosynthetic performance and survival rates than those beneath shelters of both colors. These results suggest that sunlight damage can reduce seedling survival when they are transplanted in exposed sites, and that shade shelters can improve the success of forest restoration programs in semiarid climates.

关键词： chlorophyll fluorescence light stress photoinhibition reforestation forest restoration

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Allying interfacial engineering of 2D carbon nanosheet-,graphene-,and graphdiyne-based heterostructured electrocatalysts toward hydrogen evolution and overall water splitting

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Electron 2024年第1期2卷 106-163页

作者： Wuwei Mo joel Jie Foo Wee‐Jun Ong School of Energy and chemical Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSepangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia center of Excellence for nano Energy&catalysis Technology(cOnnEcT) Xiamen University MalaysiaSepangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia State Key Laboratory of Physical chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenChina Gulei Innovation Institute Xiamen UniversityZhangzhouChina Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University ShenzhenChina

Electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and overall water splitting(OWS)for renewable energy generation have recently become a highly promising and sustainable strategy to tackle energy crisis and global warming arising from our overreliance on fossil ***,tremendous research breakthroughs have been made in 2D carbon-based heterostructured electrocatalysts in this *** heterostructures are distinguished by their remarkable electrical conductivity,exposed active sites,and mechanical ***,with fundamental mechanisms of electrocatalytic OWS summarized,our review critically emphasized on state-of-the-art 2D carbon nanosheet-,graphene-,and graphdiyne-based heterostructured electrocatalysts in HER and OWS since ***,the three emerging carbonaceous substrates tend to be incorporated with metal carbides,phosphides,dichalcogenides,nitrides,oxides,nanoparticles,single atom catalysts,or layered double ***,fascinating structural engineering and facile synthesis strategies were also unraveled to establish the structure-activity relationship,which will enlighten future electrocatalyst developments toward ameliorated HER and OWS ***,computational results from density functional theory simulations were highlighted as well to better comprehend the synergistic effects within the ***,current stages and future recommendations of this brand-new electrocatalyst type were concluded and discussed for advanced catalyst designs and future practical applications.

关键词： 2D carbon-based heterostructures electrocatalysis hydrogen evolution reaction interfacial engineering overall water splitting

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Fagus sylvatica and Quercus pyrenaica:Two neighbors with few things in common

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第2期10卷 162-175页

作者： Sergio de Tomás Marín Jesús Rodríguez-calcerrada Salvador Arenas-castro iván Prieto Guillermo gonzález Luis Gil Enrique G.de la Riva Department of Ecology Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-SenftenbergKonrad-Wachsmann-Allee 603046CottbusGermany Forest Genetics and Ecophysiology Research Group School of Forestry EngineeringUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Area of Ecology Botany DepartmentEcology and Plant PhysiologyFaculty of SciencesUniversidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain Ecology Department Faculty of Biology and Environmental SciencesUniversidad de LeónLeónSpain

Background:The Iberian Peninsula comprises one of the largest boundaries between Mediterranean and Eurosiberian vegetation,known as sub-Mediterranean *** ecotone hosts many unique plant species and communities and constitutes the low-latitude(warm)margin of numerous central European species which co-occur with Mediterranean *** of the main species found in this region are the Eurosiberian European beech(Fagus sylvatica L.)and the Mediterranean Pyrenean oak(Quercus pyrenaica Willd.).It remains unclear how the different physiological and adaptive strategies of these two species reflect their niche partitioning within a subMediterranean community and to what extent phenotypic variation(intraspecific variability)is driving niche partitioning across Eurosiberian and Mediterranean ***:We quantified functional niche partitioning,based on the n-dimensional hypervolume to nine traits related to resource acquisition strategies(leaf,stem and root)plus relative growth rate as an additional wholeplant trait,and the environmental niche similarity between Pyrenean oak and European ***,we analyzed the degree of phenotypic variation of both target species and its relationship with relative growth rates(RGR)and environmental *** recruitment was measured for both target species as a proxy for the average ***:Species’functional space was highly segregated(13.09%overlap),mainly due to differences in niche breadth(59.7%)rather than niche replacement(25.6%),and beech showed higher trait variability,i.e.,had larger functional ***,both species shared the environmental space,i.e.,environmental niches were *** plant traits were not related to abiotic variables or RGR,neither did RGR to plant ***:Both target species share similar environmental space,however,show notably different functional resource-use strategies,promoting a high complementarity that contributes to maintaining a high functiona

关键词： Environmental niche European beech Forest dynamics Functional niche Hypervolume Pyrenean oak Species coexistence Sub-Mediterranean community

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Multiscale assessment of ground,aerial and satellite spectral data for monitoring wheat grain nitrogen content

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第4期10卷 504-522页

作者： joel Segarra Fatima Zahra Rezzouk nieves Aparicio Jon gonzález-Torralba Iker Aranjuelo Adrian Gracia-Romero Jose Luis Araus Shawn c.Kefauver Integrative crop Ecophysiology Group Plant Physiology SectionFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona 08028Spain AGROTEcnIO(center for Research in Agrotechnology) Lleida 251981Spain Agro-technological Institute of castilla y León(ITAcyL) Valladolid 47071Spain Grupo An Tajonar 31192NavarreSpain Instituto de Agrobiotecnología(IdAB) CSIC-Gobierno de NavarraMutilva Baja 31192PamplonaNavarreSpain

Wheat grain quality characteristics have experienced increasing attention as a central factor affecting wheat end-use products quality and human ***,in the last decades a reduction in grain quality has been ***,it is central to develop efficient quality-related phenotyping *** this sense,one of the most relevant wheat features related to grain quality traits is grain nitrogen content,which is directly linked to grain protein content and monitorable with remote sensing ***,the relation between nitrogen fertilization and grain nitrogen content(protein)plays a central role in the sustainability of *** aiming to develop efficient phenotyping tools using remote sensing instruments and to advance towards a field-level efficient and sustainable monitoring of grain nitrogen status,this paper studies the efficacy of various sensors,multispectral and visible red-greenblue(RGB),at different scales,ground and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),and phenological stages(anthesis and grain filling)to estimate grain nitrogen *** models were calculated using vegetation indices at each sensing level,sensor type and phenological ***,this study explores the up-scalability of the best performing model to satellite level Sentinel-2 equivalent *** found that models built at the phenological stage of anthesis with UAV-level multispectral cameras using red-edge bands outperformed grain nitrogen content estimation(R2=0.42,RMSE=0.18%)in comparison with those models built with RGB imagery at ground and aerial level,as well as with those built with widely used ground-level multispectral *** also demonstrated the possibility to use UAV-built multispectral linear models at the satellite scale to determine grain nitrogen content effectively(R2=0.40,RMSE=0.29%)at actual wheat fields.

关键词： Wheat Remote sensing Sentinel-2 Grain nitrogen content Phenotyping

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Microbial community with Potential for Metal Release Isolated from Palca Mine Tailings Pond in Peru

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第7期12卷 109-121页

作者： césar Wilber Guzmán Moreno Bruno Karolski Solange Kazue Utimura Roberto castellanos cabrera Jhon Albert centeno Torres Daladier Miguel castillo cotrina Elisabete de Santis Braga Dayana Sarai Gamonal Fermandez Denise crocce Romano Espinosa joel Barbujiani Sigolo Department of Sedimentary and Environmental Geology Institute of Geoscience USP So Paulo Brazil Department of chemical Engineering LAREX USP So Paulo Brazil cEPEMA Environment Training and Research Center USP So Paulo Brazil Facultad de ciencias Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann UNJBG Tacna Per Department of Physical Chemical and Geological Oceanography USP So Paulo Brazil Facultad de ciencias Biolgicas Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo UNPRG Lambayeque Per

The improvement of microbial characterization has increased the comprehension of microbial population and their ability in the microbiological metal dissolution. Bioleaching processes have been expanded to use microorganisms for the recovery of metals from ores and wastes. This study introduces Palca mine tailings pond in Peru which turned into acid mine drainage (AMD). AMD is a source of microbial communities whose microorganisms may support the aqueous extractive metallurgy for metal recovery. Four samples of AMD were collected from different locations and the elemental characterization showed concentrations of metals, such as cu, Zn, Al, Mn, and Fe. The pH of the samples showed variation between 1.9 - 6.8. Twenty-one microorganisms were isolated and selected according the cell morphology. 16s rRnA gene sequences identified five species of which three belong to the bacterial kingdom and two to the Fungi kingdom. Two of the bacterial species were ferrous ion oxidizing bacteria, identified as Acidithiobacillus ferriphilus and Acidithiobacillus ferridurans;and the other one a ferric ion reducing bacteria identified as Acidiphilium acidophilum. The fungi species identified were Rhodotorula sinensis and Exophiala xenobiotica, a filamentous fungus isolated for the first time from an AMD.

关键词： Acidophilic Microorganisms Acid Mine Drainage—AMD Bioleaching Process Metals Recovery Acidithiobacillus

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