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An infinite-dimensional representation of the Ray-Knight theorems

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第1期67卷 149-162页

作者： elie Aidékon Yueyun Hu Zhan Shi School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China LAGA UniversitéSorbonne Paris NordVilletaneuse 93430France Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The classical Ray-Knight theorems for the Brownian motion determine the law of its local time process either at the first hitting time of a given value a by the local time at the origin,or at the first hitting time of a given position b by the Brownian *** extend these results by describing the local time process jointly for all a and b,by means of the stochastic integral with respect to an appropriate white *** result applies toμ-processes,and has an immediate application:aμ-process is the height process of a Feller continuous-state branching process(CSBP)with immigration(Lambert(2002)),whereas a Feller CSBP with immigration satisfies a stochastic differential equation(SDE)driven by a white noise(Dawson and Li(2012));our result gives an explicit relation between these two descriptions and shows that the SDE in question is a reformulation of Tanaka’s formula.

关键词： Ray-Knight theorem μ-process white noise Tanaka's formula

Bolstering integrity in environmental data science and machine learning requires understanding socioecological inequity

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 171-179页

作者： joe F.Bozeman III School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA School of Public Policy Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA

Socioecological inequity in environmental data science—such as inequities deriving from data-driven approaches and machine learning(ML)—are current issues subject to debate and *** is growing consensus around embedding equity throughout all research and design domains—from inception to administration,while also addressing procedural,distributive,and recognitional ***,practically doing so may seem onerous or daunting to *** current perspective helps to alleviate these types of concerns by providing substantiation for the connection between environmental data science and socioecological inequity,using the Systemic Equity Framework,and provides the foundation for a paradigmatic shift toward normalizing the use of equity-centered approaches in environmental data science and ML *** the integrity of environmental data science and ML is just beginning from an equity-centered tool development and rigorous application *** this end,this perspective also provides relevant future directions and challenges by overviewing some meaningful tools and strategies—such as applying the Wells-Du Bois Protocol,employing fairness metrics,and systematically addressing irreproducibility;emerging needs and proposals—such as addressing data-proxy bias and supporting convergence research;and establishes a ten-step path ***,the work that environmental scientists and engineers do ultimately affect the well-being of us all.

关键词： Equity Bias Machine Learning Data Science Justice Systemic Equity

Wood By-Products as UV Protection:A Consequence Review

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第4期12卷 699-720页

作者： Naglaa salem El‑Sayed Mohamed Hasanin Samir Kamel Cellulose and Paper Department National Research CentreCairo12622Egypt

In recent decades,the ozone layer has suffered considerable damage,increasing the entry of ultraviolet(UV)light into the atmosphere and reaching the earth’s surface,negatively affecting ***,researchers aimed to solve this problem by synthesizing advanced UV-shielding *** the other hand,developing an easy and green strategy to prepare functional materials with outstanding properties based on naturally abundant and environmentally friendly raw materials is highly desirable for sustainable *** biomass-derived materials are sustainable and biodegradable,they present a promising substitute for petroleum-based *** three main structural constituents of the plant biomass-based materials that are naturally available are cellulose,hemicellulose,and *** review details current developments using wood-based products such as cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin in UV-shielding *** will start with assembling the structure and chemistry of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin,followed by their contributions to preparing UV-shielding ***,it will briefly discuss the different processing methods for the design of UV-shielding *** wood by-products offer additional opportunities to use the whole tree harvest.

关键词： UV-shielding wood cellulose lignin hemicellulose sunlight protection

Lightweight Super-Resolution Model for Complete Model Copyright Protection

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1194-1205页

作者： Bingyi Xie Honghui Xu YongJoon joe Daehee Seo Zhipeng Cai Department of Computer Science Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30303USA LSWare Inc. Seoul 08504Republic of Korea College of Intelligence Information Engineering Sangmyung UniversityRepublic of KoreaSeoul 03016

Deep learning based techniques are broadly used in various applications, which exhibit superior performance compared to traditional methods. One of the mainstream topics in computer vision is the image super-resolution task. In recent deep learning neural networks, the number of parameters in each convolution layer has increased along with more layers and feature maps, resulting in better image super-resolution performance. In today’s era, numerous service providers offer super-resolution services to users, providing them with remarkable convenience. However, the availability of open-source super-resolution services exposes service providers to the risk of copyright infringement, as the complete model could be vulnerable to leakage. Therefore, safeguarding the copyright of the complete model is a non-trivial concern. To tackle this issue, this paper presents a lightweight model as a substitute for the original complete model in image super-resolution. This research has identified smaller networks that can deliver impressive performance, while protecting the original model’s copyright. Finally, comprehensive experiments are conducted on multiple datasets to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach in generating super-resolution images even using lightweight neural networks.

关键词： lightweight adversarial learning image super-resolution copyright protection

Investigating and predicting the role of photovoltaic, wind, and hydrogen energies in sustainable global energy evolution

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第4期7卷 429-445页

作者： Mahmood Swadi Dheyaa Jasim Kadhim Mohamed salem Firas Mohammed Tuaimah Ammar SabriMajeed Ali Jawad Alrubaie Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of BaghdadBaghdad 10001Iraq Libyan Authority for Scientific Research Tripoli 80045Libya School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(USM)Nibong Tebal 14300PenangMalaysia Continuing Education Center University of BaghdadBaghdad 10001Iraq Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University AL-Mussaib Technical CollegeBabylonIraq

The global shift toward next-generation energy systems is propelled by the urgent need to combat climate change and the dwindling supply of fossil *** review explores the intricate challenges and opportunities for transitioning to sustainable renewable energy sources such as solar,wind,and *** transition economically challenges traditional energy sectors while fostering new industries,promoting job growth,and sustainable economic *** transition to renewable energy demands social equity,ensuring universal access to affordable energy,and considering community *** environmental benefits include a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and a lesser ecological *** study highlights the rapid growth of the global wind power market,which is projected to increase from$112.23 billion in 2022 to$278.43 billion by 2030,with a compound annual growth rate of 13.67%.In addition,the demand for hydrogen is expected to increase,significantly impacting the market with potential cost reductions and making it a critical renewable energy source owing to its affordability and zero *** 2028,renewables are predicted to account for 42%of global electricity generation,with significant contributions from wind and solar photovoltaic(PV)technology,particularly in China,the European Union,the United States,and *** developments signify a global commitment to diversifying energy sources,reducing emissions,and moving toward cleaner and more sustainable energy *** review offers stakeholders the insights required to smoothly transition to sustainable energy,setting the stage for a resilient future.

关键词： Next energy Renewable energy Sustainability Environmental benefits Economic opportunities

Renewable Energy Development in OAPEC Countries: History, Current Status, and Outlook

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2024年第2期13卷 38-56页

作者： salem Baidas Sematco Soil and Engineering Material Testing Co. Kuwait City Kuwait

The renewable energy industry has grown its contribution to the global energy mix, particularly in terms of electricity generation. This study investigates the implications of an increasing renewable energy share on OAPEC countries and proposes a comprehensible policy strategy for the region. Four main topics are discussed: scientific and engineering principles of renewable energy utilization, current strategies for electricity generation in each OAPEC member country, economic and environmental implications of the energy transition under two future scenarios, as well as political interactions between oil-consuming and oil-producing countries. Based on this study, realistic and cost-effective strategies are proposed for OAPEC countries to better leverage their significant renewable energy resources while stabilizing fossil fuel supplies and strengthening their position in the global energy market. To mitigate the negative impacts of the energy transition, OAPEC countries are encouraged to take the following steps: 1) Developing renewable energy in conjunction with fossil fuel resources to reduce local demand for fossil fuel and increase the supply for exportation;2) Reviewing economic policies, environmental regulations, and carbon taxes imposed by oil-consuming countries;3) Increasing investment in renewable energy infrastructure;4) Cooperating to achieve a balance between economic development and environmental protection.

关键词： OAPEC Renewable Energy Global Energy Mix Solar Energy Wind Energy Fossil Fuel

Carbon Capture Technologies in OAPEC Member Countries and the Circular Carbon Economy: A Roadmap to Zero Emissions by 2050

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2024年第2期13卷 25-37页

作者： salem Baidas Sematco Soil and Engineering Material Testing Co. Kuwait City Kuwait

Several Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) member states (OMSs) have updated their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) with the aim of achieving zero carbon emissions by 2050. Carbon neutrality requires shifting from a linear carbon economy (LCE) to a circular carbon economy (CCE). Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, including reduction, recycle, reuse, removal, and storage technologies, represent an important strategy for achieving such a shift. Herein, we investigate the effects of CCS technology adoption in six OMSs—namely the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Qatar, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Kuwait, Algeria, and Iraq—by examining their Circular Carbon Economy Index (CCEI) scores, which reflect compliance with CCE-transition policies. Total CCEI, current performance CCEI dimension, and future enabler CCEI dimensions scores were compared among the aforementioned six OMSs and relative to Norway, which was used as a global-high CCEI reference standard. Specifically, CCEI general scope and CCEI oil scope dimension scores were compared. The KSA, Qatar, the UAE, and Kuwait had higher CCEI scores than Algeria and Iraq, reflecting their greater adoption of CCE-transition policies and greater emission-reducing modernization investments. The current performance CCEI scores of Algeria and Iraq appear to be buttressed to some extent by their greater natural carbon sink resources. Based on the findings, we recommend specific actions for OMSs to enhance their CCE transitions and mitigate the negative impacts associated with the associated investments, including: taking rapid practical steps to eliminate carbon oil industry emissions;detailed CCS planning by national oil companies;international cooperation and coordination;and increased investment in domestic CCS utilization infrastructure.

关键词： OAPEC Petroleum Fossil Fuels Carbon Capture and Storage Circular Carbon Economy

Understanding the Novel Approach of Nanoferroptosis for Cancer Therapy

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 501-556页

作者： Afsana Sheikh Prashant Kesharwani Waleed H.Almalki salem Salman Almujri Linxin Dai Zhe‑Sheng Chen Amirhossein Sahebkar Fei Gao Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchJamia HamdardNew Delhi 110062India Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmacology College of PharmacyKing Khalid University61421 Asir‑AbhaSaudi Arabia State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources Pharmacy SchoolChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611130People’s Republic of China Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityNew York 11439USA Biotechnology Research Center Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran Applied Biomedical Research Center Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran

As a new form of regulated cell death,ferroptosis has unraveled the unsolicited theory of intrinsic apoptosis resistance by cancer *** molecular mechanism of ferroptosis depends on the induction of oxidative stress through excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation and glutathione depletion to damage the structural integrity of *** to their high loading and structural tunability,nanocarriers can escort the delivery of ferro-therapeutics to the desired site through enhanced permeation or retention effect or by active *** review shed light on the necessity of iron in cancer cell growth and the fascinating features of ferroptosis in regulating the cell cycle and ***,we discussed the effect of ferroptosis-mediated therapy using nanoplatforms and their chemical basis in overcoming the barriers to cancer therapy.

关键词： Ferroptosis Nanoparticles Ferrotherapy Cancer Genes Nanotechnology Toxicity Reactive oxygen species

Advancing critical care recovery:The pivotal role of machine learning in early detection of intensive care unit-acquired weakness

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第21期12卷 4455-4459页

作者： Georges Khattar elie Bou Sanayeh Department of Medicine Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10305United States

This editorial explores the significant challenge of intensive care unit-acquiredweakness(ICU-AW),a prevalent condition affecting critically ill patients,characterizedby profound muscle weakness and complicating patient *** paradox of modern medical advances,it emphasizes the urgent needfor early identification and intervention to mitigate ICU-AW's ***,the study by Wang et al is showcased for employing a multilayer perceptronneural network model,achieving high accuracy in predicting *** advancement underscores the potential of neural network models inenhancing patient care but also calls for continued research to address limitationsand improve model *** editorial advocates for the developmentand validation of sophisticated predictive tools,aiming for personalized carestrategies to reduce ICU-AW incidence and severity,ultimately improving patientoutcomes in critical care settings.

关键词： Critical illness myopathy Critical illness polyneuropathy Early detection Intensive care unit-acquired weakness Neural network models Patient outcomes Personalized intervention strategies Predictive modeling