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The CRISPR/Cas revolution continues: From efficient gene editing for crop breeding to plant synthetic biology

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第12期60卷 1127-1153页

作者： jochen Kumlehn Janine Pietralla Goetz Hensel Michael Pacher Holger Puchta Plant Reproductive Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Botanical Institute Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Since the discovery that nucleases of the bacterial CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat)-associated(Cas) system can be used as easily programmable tools for genome engineering,their application massively transformed different areas of plant biology. In this review, we assess the current state of their use for crop breeding to incorporate attractive new agronomical traits into specific cultivars of various crop plants. This can be achieved by the use of Cas9/12 nucleases for double-strand break induction,resulting in mutations by non-homologous recombinatr e-tion. Strategies for performing such experiments à from Rthe design of guide RNA to the use of different transformation technologies à are evaluated. Furtherweive-more, we sum up recent developments regarding the use of nuclease-deficient Cas9/12 proteins, as DNAbinding moieties for targeting different kinds of enzyme activities to specific sites within the genome. Progress in base deamination, transcriptional induction and transcriptional repression, as well as in imaging in plants, is also discussed. As different Cas9/12 enzymes are at hand, the simultaneous application of various enzyme activities, to multiple genomic sites, is now in reach to redirect plant metabolism in a multifunctional manner and pave the way for a new level of plant synthetic biology.

关键词： From efficient gene editing for crop breeding to plant synthetic biology The CRISPR/Cas revolution continues

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Introduction to the special issue of the 13th International Symposium on River Sedimentation,Stuttgart,Germany:Experimental and measuring/monitoring research related to sediment issues

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第1期33卷 1-2页

作者： Markus Noack Heide Friedrich jochen Aberle Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems University of Stuttgart Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Auckland Leichtweiβ-Institut für Wasserbau Technische Universitt Braunschweig

The papers in this issue stem from the 13th International Symposium on River Sedimentation held in September 2016 at the University of Stuttgart,*** Symposiums on River Sedimentation aim to provide a platform for scientists and engineers for fruitful and in-depth knowledge *** objectives are to develop sustainable revitalization and management strategies that address the ongoing negative effects of anthropogenic activities,whilst improving river systems toward a healthy ecological *** fundamental research and understanding of interactive

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Effects of grassland management, endophytic fungi and predators on aphid abundance in two distinct regions

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第5期7卷 490-498页

作者： Carmen Börschig Alexandra-M.Klein jochen Krauss Agroecology Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of GöttingenGrisebachstrasse 6D-37075 GöttingenGermany Ecosystem Functions Institute of EcologyUniversity of LüneburgScharnhorstrasse 1D-21335 LüneburgGermany Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology Institute of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstr.4D-79106 FreiburgGermany Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology University of WürzburgBiocentreAm HublandD-97074 WürzburgGermany

Aims Fungal endophytes of cool-season grass species produce alkaloids toxic to herbivores,affecting food webs in agricultural and natural *** studies about the effects of endophytes on herbi-vores are rare and show contradictory results,leading to uncertain conclusions about the nature of endophyte-grass *** asked whether the environmental contexts of local and regional scales and predation could modify the effects of endophytes on *** In a full factorial field experiment,we quantified the abundance of the aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi on the potted host grass Lolium perenne,which was either infected or uninfected with the endophytic fungus Neotyphodium *** were either excluded or had free access to the pots with the *** hun-dred and sixty grass pots were located in two regions on altogether 40 grassland sites,half of the sites intensively and half extensively *** tested the importance of endophyte infection,study region,management intensity of grasslands,predation and all two-way interactions on aphid *** Findings Endophyte infection reduced aphid abundance significantly in one study region *** both regions,we found that the impacts of aphidophagous predators and grassland management intensity on aphid abundance were substantially stronger and more consistent than that of endophytes on aphid *** excluding preda-tors and pots placed on extensive grasslands contained higher aphid *** impact of predators and management on aphid abundance were not modified by the *** conclude that the effect of endophytes on herbivores can be weak in field experi-ments and depends on environmental context at a regional ***,more field research efforts are necessary to detect the rela-tive importance of endophytes and the environmental context on biotic interactions in ecosystems.

关键词： bottom-up control microorganism multi-trophic interaction predator exclosure top-down control

Perspectives on Future Power System Control Centers for Energy Transition

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 328-344页

作者： Antoine Marot Adrian Kelly Matija Naglic Vincent Barbesant jochen Cremer Alexandru Stefanov Jan Viebahn Reseau de Transport d'Electricite ParisFrance Electric Power Research Institute DublinIreland TenneT Amhemthe Netherlands TU Delft Delftthe Netherlands

Today's power systems are seeing a paradigm shift under the energy transition,sparkled by the electrification of demand,digitalisation of systems,and an increasing share of decarbonated power *** of these changes have a direct impact on their control centers,forcing them to handle weather-based energy resources,new interconnections with neighbouring transmission networks,more markets,active distribution networks,micro-grids,and greater amounts of available ***,these changes have translated during the past decade to small,incremental changes,mostly centered on hardware,software,and human *** assert that more transformative changes are needed,especially regarding human-centered design approaches,to enable control room operators to manage the future power *** paper discusses the evolution of operators towards continuous operation planners,monitoring complex time horizons thanks to adequate real-time *** upcoming challenges as well as emerging technologies for power systems,we present our vision of a new evolutionary architecture for control centers,both at backend and frontend *** propose a unified hypervision scheme based on structured decision-making concepts,providing operators with proactive,collaborative,and effective decision support.

关键词： Artificial intelligence cyber-phvsical system decision-making digital architecture digital twin energy transition hypervision.

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Influence of the number of flights on the dilute phase ratio in flighted rotating drums by PTV measurements and DEM simulations

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Particuology 2021年第3期19卷 171-182页

作者： Lanyue Zhang Zhaochen Jiang jochen Mellmann Fabian Weigler Fabian Herz Andreas Bück Evangelos Tsotsas Department of Postharvest Technology Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and BioeconomyMax-Eyth-Allee 100Potsdam 14469Germany Thermal Process Engineering Otto von Guericke University MagdeburgUniversitaetsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany Institute of Particle Technology(LFG) FAU Erlangen-NurembergCauerstr.491058 ErlangenGermany Department of Applied Biosciences and Process Engineering Anhalt University of Applied SciencesBernburgerStr.5506366 KoethenGermany

Particle distribution in the cross-section of the flighted rotating drum(FRD)is critical to the analysis of heat and mass transfer between gas and *** this work,the particle tracking velocimetry(PTV)method is applied to study the influence of the number of flights on the particle motion in *** drum,installed with 1,4,8,or 12 rectangular flights,is filled with plastic balls to 15%and operated at various rotating speeds ranging from 10 rpm to 30 *** results show that the number of flights has different effects on the holdup ratio and cascading rate of single flight and active *** 8 and 12 flights,the FRD produces a larger and more stable particle ratio of the dilute ***,DEM simulations agree with PTV measurements,whereas literature models show significant deviations.

关键词： Flighted rotating drum Number of flights Dilute phase PTV DEM

An efficient geosciences workflow on multi-core processors and GPUs:a case study for aerosol optical depth retrieval from MODIS satellite data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第8期9卷 748-765页

作者： Jia Liu Dustin Feld Yong Xue jochen Garcke Thomas Soddemann Peiyuan Pan Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Faculty of Life Sciences and Computing London Metropolitan UniversityLondonUK Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI Sankt AugustinGermany Institute for Numerical Simulation University of BonnBonnGermany University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Computer Science University of CologneCologneGermany

Quantitative remote sensing retrieval algorithms help understanding the dynamic aspects of Digital ***,the Big Data and complex models in Digital Earth pose grand challenges for computation *** this article,taking the aerosol optical depth(AOD)retrieval as a study case,we exploit parallel computing methods for high efficient geophysical parameter *** present an efficient geocomputation workflow for the AOD calculation from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)satellite *** to their individual potential for parallelization,several procedures were adapted and implemented for a successful parallel execution on multicore processors and Graphics Processing Units(GPUs).The benchmarks in this paper validate the high parallel performance of the retrieval workflow with speedups of up to 5.x on a multi-core processor with 8 threads and 43.x on a *** specifically address the time-consuming model retrieval part,hybrid parallel patterns which combine the multicore processor’s and the GPU’s compute power were implemented with static and dynamic workload distributions and evaluated on two systems with different CPU–GPU *** is shown that only the dynamic hybrid implementation leads to a greatly enhanced overall exploitation of the heterogeneous hardware environment in varying circumstances.

关键词： Digital earth highperformance computing GPU multi-core hybrid parallel pattern aerosol optical depth retrieval workflow

Anisotropic deformation for local shape control

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Computational Visual Media 2017年第4期3卷 305-313页

作者： Matteo Colaianni Christian Siegl jochen Süвmuth Frank Bauer Günther Greiner Computer Graphics Group University Erlangen-Nuremberg Adidas AG

We present a novel approach to mesh deformation that enables simple context sensitive manipulation of 3 D geometry. The method is based on locally anisotropic transformations and is extended to global control directions. This allows intuitive directional modeling within an easy to implement framework. The proposed method complements current sculpting paradigms by providing further possibilities for intuitive surface-based editing without the need for additional host geometries. We show the anisotropic deformation to be seamlessly transferable to free boundary parameterization methods, which allows us to solve the hard problem of flattening compression garments in the domain of apparel design.

关键词： anisotropy modeling as-rigid-aspossible(ARAP) deformation parameterization

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Transplantation of an eight-organ multivisceraI graft in a patient with frozen abdomen after complicated Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第27期12卷 4431-4434页

作者： Andreas Pascher jochen Klupp Sven Kohler Jan M Langrehr Peter Neuhaus Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery Charité-Universittsmedizin BerlinCampus Virchow KlinikumAugustenburgerplatz 1Berlin 13353Germany Exploratory Clinical Development Novartis Pharma AGWSJ-103.4.26CH-4002 BaselSwitzerland

To report an extended multivisceral transplantation （MVTx） including right kidney and ascending colon in a patient with complicated Crohn＇s disease （CD）. A 36-year old female suffering from short bowel syndrome and frozen abdomen due to fistulizing CD after multiple abdominal operations underwent MVTx of eight organs including stomach, pancreatoduodenal complex, liver, intestine, ascending colon, right kidney, right adrenal gland, and greater omentum in November 2003. Immunosuppression consisted of alemtuzumab, tacrolimus and steroids. The patient was off parenteral nutrition by postoperative wk 3. She experienced one episode of pneumonia. The patient recovered completely and discharged 2.5 mo and was doing well 30 mo after MVTx. This is one of the very rare cases in which a complete mulitivisceral graft of eight abdominal organs was transplanted orthotopically.

关键词： Multivisceral transplantation Intestinal transplantation Crohn's disease

Niobium-tantalum Fractionation During Slab Subduction:Implications for the Formation of Continental Crust

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矿物岩石地球化学通报 2007年第Z1期26卷 61-62页

作者： Yilin Xiao Weidong Sun jochen Hoefs Klaus Simon Zeming Zhang Shuguang Li albrecht W. Hofmann CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle and Environments School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum der Universit(a)t G(o)ttingen Geldschmittstrasse 1 D- 37077 G(o)ttingen Germany Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry Guangzhou Institut of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Wushan Guangzhou 510640China Max-Planck Institute fuer Chemie Postfach 3060 D-55020 Mainz Germany Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum der Universit(a)t G(o)ttingen Geldschmittstrasse 1 D- 37077 G(o)ttingen Germany Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle and Environments School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Max-Planck Institute fuer Chemie Postfach 3060 D-55020 Mainz Germany

　　Compared with the oceanic crust, knowledge about the formation of the continental crust (CC) is relatively poor. Although melting of subducted slabs in the early history of the Earth has been considered as the major way that shaped the chemical characteristics of the CC by most geologists, as the CC shares many characteristics with modern adakites, some geologists argued that Archean TTG was formed in the same way as modern arcs rather than slab melting, whereas others proposed that melting at the bottom of the thickened oceanic crust was more important. Recently,the debate is mainly focused on the unique subchondritic Nb/Ta value of the CC, and particularly, how Nb and Ta fractionated from each other and consequently how, in detail, the CC was built.……

关键词： niobium-tantalum fractionation slab subduction formation of continental crust