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COVID-19 Downgraded Already Impaired Mental Health of Medical Undergraduates during the Pandemic Years

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第5期11卷 166-180页

作者： Rodrigo Corrêa Falcão Rodrigues Alves Rodolffo da Silva Fossa Vinicius de Calasans Timaco José Mariano Soares de Moraes Emilio Magalhães Martins Will Rinaldo Henrique Aguilar da Silva Luiz Antonio Vane joaquim edson vieira Matheus Fachini Vane Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Sã o José dos Campos S&atildeo José dos Campos Brazil Department of Anesthesiology Juiz de Fora Federal University Juiz de Fora Brazil Department of Anesthesiology Clinics Hospital University of S&atildeo Paulo Medical School S&atildeo Paulo Brazil Discipline of Anesthesiology Department of Surgery University of S&atildeo Paulo Medical School S&atildeo José dos Campos Brazil

Background: Measures to contain the COVID-19 transmission reached teaching routines of universities worldwide with possible mental health consequences for anxiety. This study assessed prevalence and risk factors for stress, depression, and anxiety (SDA) in medical students during quarantine by COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of medical students by means of the DASS-21 questionnaire. Risk factors for SDA were assessed based on epidemiologic questions related to COVID-19. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves were calculated for each predictor, as well as sensitivity and specificity. Results: This survey reached 1009 responses. A prevalence of 77.5% for some SDA disorder was found, 63% being severe. Previous diagnosis of psychiatric disorder was a factor of risk for anxiety (OR 2.78 CI95% 1.44 - 14.25, p = 0.044), as well as for depression (OR 3.37 CI95% 1.98 - 6.02, p Conclusion: Psychiatric conditions as well as chronic illnesses were risk factors for high prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic among medical students.

关键词： Mental Health COVID-19 Students Medical Surveys and Questionnaires

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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Effects on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第5期14卷 135-160页

作者： Fayda Protásio Carlos Alberto Bezerra Tomaz joaquim Brasil-Neto Pedro Brandão Nasser Allam Maria Clotilde Henriques Tavares Laboratory of Neuroscience and Behavior Department of Physiological Sciences Institute of Biology University of Braslia Braslia Brazil Master Program in Environment University CEUMA So Lus MA and Faculty of Medicine Euro-American University Center-UNIEURO Braslia Brazil Faculty of Medicine Euro-American University Center-UNIEURO Braslia Brazil NA Neurologistas Associados Braslia Brazil

Introduction: In the last thirty years, brain neuromodulation techniques have been used as an alternative to pharmacological treatment of neurological disorders. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to bradykinesia, rest tremor, postural changes, and non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, pain, and cognitive decline that compromises executive functions (EFs), responsible for the orderly execution of behaviors and tasks of daily life and intentional and directed actions. To this date, a few studies with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have shown beneficial effects in PD patients concerning specific motor and non-motor symptoms, targeting the motor cortex and/or prefrontal regions. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of left prefrontal tDCS across a broad spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD using established validated scales. Method: Single-blind randomized clinical trial with 18 volunteers with PD, aged between 45 and 80 years (66.1 ± 9.65), who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were submitted to assessments of motor and non-motor functions employing psychometric scales and tests to evaluate EFs and were randomly divided into two groups: control (sham stimulation) and experimental (active stimulation). All participants were involved in three separate tDCS sessions. The anode was positioned over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the right supraorbital region, with a direct current intensity of 2 mA, lasting 20 minutes. At the end of the three sessions, all participants were reassessed. Results: Significant effects of tDCS on non-motor functions were observed for cognition (verbal fluency of actions, clock copy test, appointment by visual confrontation, and verbal memory with immediate free recall) and subjective assessment of sleep quality (overall restlessness and discomfort in the arms and legs at night, leg

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Neuromodulation Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation—tDCS Movement Disorders Mood Sleep Cognition

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在当前猪圆环病毒2型流行病学背景下重新审视猪圆环病毒病诊断标准

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2024年第3期44卷 1-9页

作者：孟霞(译) 王祎汀(校) 夏俊花(复校) joaquim Segalés Marina Sibila 不详

目前,人们对猪圆环病毒2型(porcine circovirus 2,PCV2)引起的猪圆环病毒病(porcine circovirus diseases,PCVDs)的认识是,该病包括PCV2的亚临床感染(porcine circovirus 2 subclinical infection,PCV2-SI)、全身性疾病(PCV2 systemic diseases,PCV2-SD)和繁殖障碍(PCV2 reproductive diseases,PCV2-RD)以及猪皮炎肾病综合征(porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome,PDNS)。多年来,确诊这些疾病的诊断标准没有变,因此,由临床症状、病变和病变组织中病毒的检测组成的三要素仍然是PCV2-SD和PCV2-RD确诊的标志。相比之下,正常情况下不对PCV2-SI进行诊断,因为这种疾病被默认通过接种疫苗就能得到控制。PDNS可以通过大体病变和组织病理学检查进行诊断,检测PCV2被认为不是该病的诊断标准。在过去十年中,分子生物学方法作为PCVDs诊断的替代方法已得到广泛使用,不过这些技术被视为监测工具,而不是诊断工具。多年来,PCV2的流行病学发生了很大的变化,由于大规模接种疫苗,猪群的感染压下降,猪群的整体免疫力降低。因此,近来来对PCVDs诊断的需求有所增加,尤其是接种疫苗后仍出现PCV2-SD症状的病例。本综述的目的是更新有关PCVDs诊断标准,并在PCV2感染的不同流行病学情况下,将分子生物学方法应用于这些疾病的整体诊断中。

关键词：猪圆环病毒2型猪圆环病毒病临床症状病理学诊断流行病学

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Non-invasive respiratory support for COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第4期135卷 416-418页

作者： João Carlos Winck joaquim Moreira Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine-Porto UniversityPorto 4200-319Portugal Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Minho Viana do CasteloPortugal

The European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society clinical practice guidelines,which are only recommendatory,suggest utilization of non-invasive respiratory support therapies(NRST)as a preventive strategy for avoiding intubation in hypoxemic acute respiratory failure(ARF).[1]Theoretical concerns against the use of NRST are essentially related to safety reasons for the risk of the virus spreading among healthcare workers(HCW)and for the risk of delaying intubation in case of failure.

关键词： respiratory acute clinical

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Development of a Balanced Adaptive Time‑Stepping Strategy Based on an Implicit JFNK‑DG Compressible Flow Solver

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2022年第2期4卷 728-757页

作者： Yu Pan Zhen‑Guo Yan joaquim Peiró Spencer J.Sherwin Department of Aeronautics Imperial College LondonLondonUK State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics China Aerodynamics Research and Development CenterMianyang 621000SichuanChina

A balanced adaptive time-stepping strategy is implemented in an implicit discontinuous Galerkin solver to guarantee the temporal accuracy of unsteady simulations.A proper relation between the spatial,temporal and iterative errors generated within one time step is *** an estimate of temporal and spatial error using an embedded RungeKutta scheme and a higher order spatial discretization,an adaptive time-stepping strategy is proposed based on the idea that the time step should be the maximum without obviously infuencing the total error of the *** designed adaptive time-stepping strategy is then tested in various types of problems including isentropic vortex convection,steady-state fow past a fat plate,Taylor-Green vortex and turbulent fow over a circular cylinder at Re=*** results indicate that the adaptive time-stepping strategy can maintain that the discretization error is dominated by the spatial error and relatively high efciency is obtained for unsteady and steady,well-resolved and under-resolved simulations.

关键词： Adaptive time-stepping Unsteady simulations High order Discontinuous Galerkin Implicit time integration

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Properties of Collagen/Sodium Alginate Hydrogels for Bioprinting of Skin Models

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 105-118页

作者： Tian Jiao Qin Lian Weilong Lian Yonghui Wang Dichen Li Rui L.Reis joaquim Miguel Oliveira State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Shaanxi Ketao-AM Technology Co. Ltd.Xi’an710100China B’s Research Group I3Bs—Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoBarco4805-017GuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory Barco4805-017GuimarãesPortugal

3D printing technology has great potential for the reconstruction of human ***,the reconstructed skin has some differences from natural skin,largely because the hydrogel used does not have the appropriate biological and physical properties to allow healing and *** study examines the swelling,degradability,microstructure and biological properties of Collagen/Sodium Alginate(Col/SA)hydrogels of differing compositions for the purposes of skin *** the content of sodium alginate causes the hydrogel to exhibit stronger mechanical and swelling properties,a faster degradation ratio,smaller pore size,and less favorable biological *** optimal 1%collagen hydrogel was used to print bi-layer skin in which fibroblasts and keratinocytes showed improved spreading and proliferation as compared to other developed *** Col/SA hydrogels presented suitable tunability and properties to be used as a bioink for bioprinting of skin aiming at finding applications as 3D models for wound healing research.

关键词： Bioink Bioprinting-Collagen sodium alginate hydrogel-Skin Wound healing Bionic

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Layered double hydroxide(LDH)-based materials:A mini-review on strategies to improve the performance for photocatalytic water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 406-431,I0011页

作者： Hanane Boumeriame Eliana S.Da Silva Alexey S.Cherevan Tarik Chafik joaquim L.Faria Dominik Eder Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials(LSRE-LCM) Faculdade de EngenhariaUniversidade do PortoRua Dr Roberto Frias s/n4200-465 PortoPortugal Institute of Materials Chemistry Technische Universicat Wien(TU Wien)Getreidemarkt 9Vienna 1060Austria Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Valorization of Resources(LGCVR-UAE/L01FST).Faculte des Sciences et Techniques Universite Abdelmalek EssaadiTangierMorocco

The high energy demand we currently face in society and the subsequent large consumption of fossil fuels cause its depletion and increase the pollution *** quest for the production of clean energy from renewable and sustainable sources remains *** conversion of solar energy into hydrogen via the water-splitting process,assisted by pho tores pons ive semiconductor catalysts,is one of the most promising *** progress has been made on water splitting in the past few years and a variety of photocatalysts active not only under ultra-violet(UV) light but especially with the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum have been *** double hydroxides(LDH)-based materials have emerged as a promising class of nanomaterials for solar energy applications owing to their unique layered structure,compositional flexibility,tunable bandgaps,ease of synthesis and low manufacturing *** review covers the most recent research dedicated to LDH materials for photocatalytic water-splitting applications and encompasses a range of synthetic strategies and post-modifications used to enhance their ***,we provide a thorough discussion of the experimental conditions crucial to obtaining improved photoactivity and highlight the impact of some specific parameters,namely,catalysts loading,cocatalysts,sacrificial agents,and irradiation *** review provides the necessary tools to select the election technique for adequately enhancing the photoactivity of LDH and modified LDH-based materials and concludes with a critical summary that outlines further research directions.

关键词： Layered double hydroxides Water splitting Photocatalysis Hydrogen generation Oxygen evolution Nanomaterials

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Determining the Charge-to-Mass Ratio of the Electron

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2023年第8期11卷 2309-2317页

作者： joaquim Bocresion St. Paul’s School New Hampshire USA

The aim of this lab was to determine an experimental value for the charge-to-mass ratio e/me of the electron. In order to do this, an assembly consisting of Helmholtz coils and a helium-filled fine beam tube containing an electron gun was used. Electrons were accelerated from rest by the electron gun at a voltage of 201.3 V kept constant across trials. When the accelerated electrons collided with the helium atoms in the fine beam tube, the helium atoms entered an excited state and released energy as light. Since the Helmholtz coils put the electrons into centripetal motion, this resulted in a circular beam of light, the radius of which was measured by taking a picture and using photo analysis. This procedure was used to test currents through the Helmholtz coils ranging from 1.3 A to 1.7 A in increments of 0.1 A. Using a linearization of these data, the experimental value for the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron was found to be 1.850 × 1011 C/kg, bounded between 1.440 × 1011 C/kg and 2.465 × 1011 C/kg. This range of values includes the accepted value of 1.759 × 1011 C/kg, and yields a percent error of 5.17%. The rather low percent error is a testament to the accuracy of this procedure. During this experiment, the orientation of the ambient magnetic field due to the Earth at the center of the apparatus was not considered. In the future, it would be worthwhile to repeat this procedure, taking care to position the Helmholtz coils in such a way to negate the effects of the Earth’s magnetic field on the centripetal motion of electrons.

关键词： Helmholtz Coils Charge-to-Mass Ratio Electron Magnetic Field

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The Local Acceleration Due to Gravity as Determined with a Cart and Track

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2023年第9期13卷 1634-1639页

作者： joaquim Bocresion St. Paul’s School New Hampshire USA

The aim of this lab is to determine an experimental value for the local acceleration due to gravity. In order to do this, a cart was released down a track and allowed to pass through two photogates recording the entrance and exit times of the cart. These times along with the length of a light blocking strip on the cart, were used to calculate the acceleration of the cart down the track at various angles, and through linearization, the experimental value for the local acceleration due to gravity was determined to be 10.027 ± 0.312 m/s2. This value has a percent error of only 2.2% from the accepted value of 9.8 m/s2, which proves that this method of determining local acceleration due to gravity can be effective and accurate. Additionally, this experimental value shows how similar the approximation is to the accepted value.

关键词： Gravity Local Acceleration Due to Gravity

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Automated Metadata Annotation:What Is and Is Not Possible with Machine Learning

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Data Intelligence 2023年第1期5卷 122-138页

作者： Mingfang Wu Hans Brandhorst Maria-Cristina Marinescu joaquim More Lopez Margorie Hlava Joseph Busch Australian Research Data Commons Australian Research Data CommonsMelbourneAustraliaAustralia Iconclass VoorscotenThe Netherlands Barcelona Supercomputing Center BarcelonaSpain Access Innovations AlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA Taxonomy Strategies WashingtonDCUSA

Automated metadata annotation is only as good as training dataset,or rules that are available for the ***'s important to learn what type of data content a pre-trained machine learning algorithm has been trained on to understand its limitations and potential *** what type of content is readily available to train an algorithm-what's popular and what's ***,scholarly and historical content is often not available in consumable,homogenized,and interoperable formats at the large volume that is required for machine *** are exceptions such as science and medicine,where large,well documented collections are *** paper presents the current state of automated metadata annotation in cultural heritage and research data,discusses challenges identified from use cases,and proposes solutions.

关键词： Metadata annotation Metadata Machine learning Culture heritage Research data

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