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Cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第6期10卷 609-619,F0003页

作者： Yasmin Ezzatvar MikelIzquierdo Julio núñez joaquín Calatayud Robinson Ramírez-Vélez Antonio García-Hermoso Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group(EXInH-RG) Department of PhysiotherapyUniversitat de ValènciaValencia 46010Spain navarrabiomed Navarra Hospital Complex(CHN)Public University of Navarra(UPNA)Navarra Medical Research Institute(IdiSNA)Pamplona 31008Spain CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging(CIBERFES) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Department of Cardiology Valencia University HospitalBiomedical Research Institute(INCLIVA)Valencia 46010Spain CIBER in Cardiovascular Diseases(CIBERCV) Madrid 28029Spain Sciences of Physical Activity Sports and Health SchoolUniversity of Santiago of Chile(USACH)Santiago 71783-5Chile

Background Cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is inversely associated with mortality in apparently healthy subjects and in some clinical populations,but evidence for the association between CRF and all-cause and/or cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality in patients with established CVD is *** study aimed to quantify this *** We searched for prospective cohort studies that measured CRF with cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with CVD and that examined all-cause and CVD mortality with at least 6 months of *** hazard ratios(HRs)were calculated using random-effect inverse-variance *** Data were obtained from 21 studies and included 159,352 patients diagnosed with CVD(38.1%female).Pooled HRs for all-cause and CVD mortality comparing the highest *** category of CRF were 0.42(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.28–0.61)and 0.27(95%CI:0.16–0.48),*** HRs per 1 metabolic equivalent(1-MET)increment were significant for all-cause mortality(HR=0.81;95%CI:0.74–0.88)but not for CVD mortality(HR=0.75;95%CI:0.48–1.18).Coronary artery disease patients with high CRF had a lower risk of all-cause mortality(HR=0.32;95%CI:0.26–0.41)than did their unfit *** 1-MET increase was associated with lower all-cause mortality risk among coronary artery disease patients(HR=0.83;95%CI:0.76–0.91)but not lower among those with heart failure(HR=0.69;95%CI:0.36–1.32).Conclusion A better CRF was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality and *** study supports the use of CRF as a powerful predictor of mortality in this population.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary fitness Coronary artery disease Exercise capacity Heart failure Survival

Analysing changes in spatial point patterns:A proposal using data from a forest thinning experiment

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 878-887页

作者： Christian Salas-Eljatib joaquín Riquelme-Alarcon Pablo J.Donoso Diego Ponce Daniel P.Soto Centro de Modelacion y Monitoreo de Ecosistemas Escuela de Ingeniería ForestalUniversidad MayorSantiagoChile Vicerrectoría de Investigacion y Postgrado Universidad de La FronteraTemucoChile Departamento de Silvicultura y Conservacion de la naturaleza Universidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Bosques y Sociedad Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile Corporacion nacional Forestal ValdiviaChile Departamento de Ciencias naturales y Tecnología Universidad de AysenCoyhaiqueChile

Spatial patterns reveal critical features at the individual and community ***,how to evaluate changes in spatial characteristics remains largely *** assess spatial changes in spatial point patterns by augmenting current statistical functions and *** fitted functions to describe unmarked and marked(tree size)spatial patterns using data from a large-scale silvicultural experiment in southern ***,we compute the mingling index to represent spatial tree *** proffer the pair correlation function difference before and after treatment to detect changes in the unmarked-point pattern of trees and the semivariogram-ratio to evaluate changes in the marked-point *** research provides a quantitative assessment of a critical aspect of forest heterogeneity:changes in spatial unmarked and marked-point *** proposed approach can be a powerful tool for quantifying the impacts of disturbances and silvicultural treatments on spatial patterns in forest ecosystems.

关键词： Spatial diversity Marked-point process Spatial heterogeneity Conspecific Variable-density thinning nothofagus

Genetic predisposition to colorectal cancer:Where we stand and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第29期20卷 9828-9849页

作者： Laura valle Hereditary Cancer Program Catalan Institute of OncologyIDIBELL08908 BarcelonaSpain

The development of colorectal cancer(CRC)can be influenced by genetic factors in both familial cases and sporadic *** CRC has been associated with genetic changes in high-,moderate-and low-penetrance susceptibility ***,despite the availability of current gene-identification techniques,the genetic causes of a considerable proportion of hereditary cases remain ***-wide association studies of CRC have identified a number of common lowpenetrance alleles associated with a slightly increased or decreased risk of *** accumulation of low-risk variants may partly explain the familial risk of CRC,and some of these variants may modify the risk of cancer in patients with mutations in high-penetrance *** the predisposition to develop CRC will require investigators to address the following challenges:the identification of genes that cause uncharacterized hereditary cases of CRC such as familial CRC type X and serrated polyposis;the classification of variants of unknown significance in known CRC-predisposing genes;and the identification of additional cancer risk modifiers that can be used to perform risk assessments for individual mutation *** performed a comprehensive review of the genetically characterized and uncharacterized hereditary CRC syndromes and of lowand moderate-penetrance loci and variants identified through genome-wide association studies and candidate-gene *** challenges and future perspectives in the field of CRC predisposition are also discussed.

关键词： Hereditary colorectal cancer Familial colorectal cancer High penetrance Low penetrance Cancer syndromes Cancer susceptibility Hereditary cancer genes Risk variants Heritability

Role of T cell death in maintaining immune tolerance during persistent viral hepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第12期19卷 1877-1889页

作者： Juan Ramón Larrubia Megha Uttam Lokhande Silvia García-Garzón joaquín Miquel Dolores Subirá Eduardo Sanz-de-Villalobos Translational Hepatology Unit Guadalajara University Hospital University of Alcalá

Virus-specific T cells play an important role in the resolution of hepatic infection. However, during chronic hepatitis infection these cells lack their effector functions and fail to control the virus. Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus have developed several mechanisms to generate immune tolerance. one of these strategies is the depletion of virus-specific T cells by apoptosis. The immunotolerogenic liver has unique property to retain and activate na ve T cell to avoid the over reactivation of immune response against antigens which is exploited by hepatotropic viruses to persist. The deletion of the virus-specific T cells occurs by intrinsic (passive) apoptotic mechanism. The pro-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2 interacting mediator (Bim) has attracted increasing attention as a pivotal involvement in apoptosis, as a regulator of tissue homeostasis and an enhancer for the viral persistence. Here, we reviewed our current knowledge on the evidence showing critical role of Bim in viral-specific T cell death by apoptotic pathways and helps in the immune tolerance.

关键词： T cell death Specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes Hepatitis C virus immune tolerance Apoptosis Bcl-2 interacting mediator Liver tolerance Apoptotic pathways Viral hepatitis

Study of the effect of magnetic fields on static degradation of Fe and Fe-12Mn-1.2C in balanced salts modified Hanks’solution

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第10期40卷 524-540页

作者： Irene Lim′on Marta Multigner Carlo Paternoster Marcela Lieblich Bel′en Torres Diego Mantovani joaquín Rams Dpto.de Matem′atica Aplicad1 Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología Electr′onic1ESCETUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosTulip′an S/n28933M′ostolesMadridSpain Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering Dept of Min-Met-Materials EngineeringLaval University&University Hospital Research CenterQuebec CityCanada Centro nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas(CEnIM-CSIC) 28040MadridSpain

Iron and its alloys are attractive as biodegradable materials because of their low toxicity and suitable mechanical properties;however,they generally have a slow degradation *** that corrosion is an electrochemical phenomenon where an exchange of electrons takes place,the application of magnetic fields from outside the body may accelerate the degradation of a ferrous temporary *** the present study,we have investigated the effect of alternating and direct low magnetic field(H=6.5 kA/m)on the corrosion process of pure iron(Fe)and an iron-manganese alloy(FeMnC)in modified Hanks’solution.A 14-day static immersion test was performed on the *** corrosion rate was assessed by mass and cross-sectional loss measurements,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffractometry,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy before and after *** results show that the presence of magnetic fields significantly accelerates the degradation rate of both materials,with the corrosion rate being twice as high in the case of Fe and almost three times as high for *** addition,a homogenous degradation layer is formed over the entire surface and the chemical composition of the degradation products is the same regardless of the presence of a magnetic field.

关键词： Biometals Biodegradable iron alloy Corrosion Magnetic fields Biodegradable implant Magnetohydrodynamics

Improving automatic climate control with decision support techniques to minimize disease effects in greenhouse tomatoes

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2017年第1期4卷 50-63页

作者： joaquın Canadas Jorge Antonio Sanchez-Molina Francisco Rodrıguez Isabel Marıa del Aguila Department of Informatics University of Almerı´a04120 Almerı´aSpain The Agrifood Campus of International Excellence(ceiA3)Spain

Crop growth in greenhouses is basically determined by the climate variables in the environment and by the amounts of water and fertilizers supplied by *** management of these factors depends on the expertise of agricultural technicians and farmers,usually assisted by control systems installed within the *** this context,decision support features enable us to incorporate invaluable human experience so thatwe can take quick and effective decisions to ensure efficient crop *** work describes a real-time decision support system for greenhouse tomatoes that supports decisions at three stages–the supervision stage identifies climate sensor faults,the control stage maintains climate variables at setpoints,and the strategic stage identifies diseases affecting the crop and changes climate variables accordingly to minimize *** DSS was implemented by integrating a real-time rule-based tool into the control *** results show that the system increases climate control effectiveness,while providing support in preventing diseaseswhich are difficult to *** system was tested by simulating the appearance of the disease and observing the real *** main contribution has been to demonstrate that production rules,which aremature and well-known in the artificial intelligence domain,can act as a shared technology for the whole *** means that fault detection,temperature control and disease monitoring features are not dealt with in isolation.

关键词： Greenhouse crop growth Decision support systems Climate control Disease management

Timing of surgery in Crohn’s disease: A key issue in the management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第36期14卷 5532-5539页

作者： Rafael Alós joaquín Hinojosa Servicio de Cirugía General Unidad de Coloproctología Hospital de Sagunto Valencia Spain Unidad de Digestivo Servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital de Sagunto Valencia Spain

The timing of the decision for operation in Crohn’s disease is based on an evaluation of the several factors such as the failure of medical treatment, complications due to the Crohn’s disease or to the farmacological therapy, development of dysplasia or cancer and growth retardation. A complete evaluation of these factors should result in operation timed to the patient’s best advantage, achieving maximal relief of symptoms with improvement of quality of life. Given the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease and the different options for treatment, is difficult to systematize when the optimal moment for the surgery is arrived. A very important factor in the management of Crohn’s disease is the multidisciplinary approach and the patient preference should be a significant factor in determining the choice of therapy. The surgery should be considered such another option in the sequential treatment of Crohn’s disease. We have analyzed the factors that are involved in the decision taking of the surgical treatment regarding to the experience and the published literature. When did the medical therapy fail? when is the appropriate moment to operate on the patient? or which complications of Crohn’s disease need a surgery? These are some of the questions we will try to answer.

关键词： Crohn's disease Surgical treatment Medical therapy

Resource economics and coordination among above- and below-ground functional traits of three dominant shrubs from the Chilean coastal desert

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第1期8卷 70-78页

作者： joaquín Morales Francisco A.Squeo Yann Tracol Cristina Armas Julio R.Gutiérrez Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de La SerenaCasilla 554La SerenaChile Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity(IEB) Casilla 653SantiagoChile Center of Advanced Studies in Arid Zones Casilla 554La SerenaChile

Aims Plant functional traits determine how plants respond to environmen-tal factors and influence ecosystem *** them,root traits and analyses of relations between above and below-ground traits in natural communities are *** we characterized a set of above-and below-ground traits of three dominant shrub species in a semiarid shrub-steppe that had contrasting leaf pheno-logical habits(deciduous,semideciduous and evergreen).We ana-lysed if there was coordination among above-and below-ground resource economics patterns:*** of biomass allocation,construction costs and *** Findings Above-and below-ground traits and their resource economics relations pointed to species-specific functional strategies to cope with drought and poor soils and to a species ranking of fast to slow whole-plant strategies in terms of resource uptake,biomass con-struction costs and *** deciduous shrub,Proustia cunei-folia,had relatively deep and even distribution of roots,and high proportion of short-lived tissues of low C construction costs:it had high fine to coarse root and high leaf-to-stem biomass ratios,high specific leaf area(SLA),and stems of low wood *** strat-egy allows Proustia to maximize and coordinate above-and below-ground resources uptake as long as the most limiting factor(water)is available,but at the cost of having relative high plant biomass *** evergreen Porlieria chilensis,instead,displayed a more conservative and slow strategy in terms of resource *** had~80%of the roots in the 40 cm topsoil profile,low pro-portion of fine compared with coarse roots and low leaf-to-stem ratios,low SLA and stems of high wood density,*** invested in C costly tissues that,overall,persist longer but probably at the cost of having lower plant resource uptake *** in the semide-ciduous Adesmia bedwellii were in between these two functional *** results revealed high functional diversity and above-

关键词： drought functional diversity mass fractions root distribution specific leaf area

neurocircuit regeneration by extracellular matrix reprogramming

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2300-2301页

作者： Shengzhang Su Ian n.Levasseur Kimberly M.alonge Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Medicine University of Washington Medicine Diabetes InstituteSeattleWAUSA

The brain's extracellular matrix(ECM),which is comprised of protein and glycosaminoglycan(GAG)scaffolds,constitutes 20%-40% of the human brain and is considered one of the largest influencers on brain cell functioning(Soles et al.,2023).Synthesized by neural and glial cells,the brain's ECM regulates a myriad of homeostatic cellular processes,including neuronal plasticity and firing(Miyata et al.,2012),cation buffering(Moraws ki et al.,2015),and glia-neuron interactions(Anderson et al.,2016).Considering the diversity of functions,dynamic remodeling of the brain's ECM indicates that this understudied medium is an active participant in both normal physiology and neurological diseases.

关键词： matrix programming