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5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling:historical perspectives,factors infiuencing the detection,toxicity,and its implications in the neurogenesis

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 302-308页

作者： joaquín Martí-Clúa Unidad de Citología e Histología.Departament de Biologia Cel·lular de Fisiologia i d’Immunologia.Facultad de Biociencias.Institut de Neurociències.Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

The halopyrimidine 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine(BrdU)is an exogenous marker of DnA synthesis.Since the introduction of monoclonal antibodies against BrdU,an increasing number of methodologies have been used for the immunodetection of this synthesized bromine-tagged base analogue into replicating DnA.BrdU labeling is widely used for identifying neuron precursors and following their fate during the embryonic,perinatal,and adult neurogenesis in a variety of vertebrate species including birds,reptiles,and mammals.Due to BrdU toxicity,its incorporation into replicating DnA presents adverse consequences on the generation,survival,and settled patterns of cells.This may lead to false results and misinterpretation in the identification of proliferative neuroblasts.In this review,I will indicate the detrimental effects of this nucleoside during the development of the central nervous system,as well as the reliability of BrdU labeling to detect proliferating neuroblasts.Moreover,it will show factors influencing BrdU immunodetection and the contribution of this nucleoside to the study of prenatal,perinatal,and adult neurogenesis.Human adult neurogenesis will also be discussed.It is my hope that this review serves as a reference for those researchers who focused on detecting cells that are in the synthetic phase of the cell cycle.

关键词： 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine adult neurogenesis human adult neurogenesis labeling pitfalls prenatal neurogenesis proliferation S-phase suturing S-phase toxicity

Remarks on “A new non-specificity measure in evidence theory based on belief intervals”

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第3期31卷 529-533页

作者： joaquín ABELLAn Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Granada

Two types of uncertainty co-exist in the theory of evidence： discord and non-specificity.From 90s, many mathematical expressions have arisen to quantify these two parts in an evidence.An important aspect of each measure presented is the verification of a coherent set of properties.About non-specificity, so far only one measure verifies an important set of those properties. Very recently, a new measure of non-specificity based on belief intervals has been presented as an alternative measure that quantifies a similar set of properties（Yang et al., 2016）. It is shown that the new measure really does not verify two of those important properties. Some errors have been found in their corresponding proofs in the original publication.

关键词： Additivity Imprecise probabilities non-specificity Subadditivity Theory of evidence Uncertainty measures

Causes and treatment of idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo based on endocrinological and other metabolic factors

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Journal of Otology 2020年第4期15卷 155-160页

作者： joaquín Guerra Jesús Devesa Otolaryngology Medical Center FoltraTravesía de Montouto 2415886TeoSpain Scientific Direction Medical Center FoltraTravesía de Montouto 2415886TeoSpain

The genesis of the Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo(BPPV)seems to be related to some metabolic factors.These factors,such as vitamin D,glucocorticoids,and even thyroid and growth hormones,can affect bone metabolism and the mineralization of otoconia.It also seems to link to factors related to aging or nutritional habits.Besides,since the incidence of BPPV is quantitatively higher in women than in men,female sex steroids could be associated with this process.It could be useful to understand how these factors act in otoconial mineralization if we want to develop treatments aimed at preventing or delaying BPPV recurrences.In this review,we will analyze the role of these metabolic and hormonal factors in otoconial mineralization and in the treatment of BPPV.

关键词： Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Otoconia Bone metabolism Vitamin D Estrogens GH

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Sudden cardiac death

Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第3期4卷 199-201页

作者： joaquín S.Lucena Forensic Pathology Service Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic SciencesSevilleSpain President of the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology(AECVP)

Cardiovascular disease represents the main cause of death in developed countries.Cardiovascular disease frequently may account for premature fatal outcomes,even in the apparently healthy young, appearing in the form of sudden and unexpected death [1]. Sudden death (SD) is defined according to commonly accepted criteria in witnessed cases as follows.SD is a natural death that occurs within 6h of the beginning of symptoms in an apparently healthy subject or in one whose disease is not so severe that a fatal outcome would be expected [2].In cases of unwitnessed death, which is a common situation in forensic practice, this definition requires that the deceased was last seen alive and functioning normally 24 h before being found dead [3].

关键词： death cardiac witnessed

Olfactory proteotyping: towards the enlightenment of the neurodegeneration

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neural Regeneration Research 2019年第6期14卷 979-981页

作者： joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen Enrique Santamaría Proteored-Institute of Health Carlos Ⅲ (ISCⅢ) Clinical Neuroproteomics UnitNavarrabiomedNavarra Health DepartmentPublic University of NavarraNavarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)

Although phylogenetically ancient,the olfactory system has received less attention than other sensorial systems.However,olfactory dysfunction is considered an early prodromal event in neurodegenerative diseases(nDs)(Doty,2012;Attems et al.,2014),which may vary from severe smell loss(e.g.,Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases)to relatively moderate loss(e.g.,progressive supranuclear palsy)(Doty,2017).Recently,a cluster of neuropathological and functional discoveries has evidenced the relevant role of the olfactory bulb(OB)during the neurodegenerative process(Attems et al.,2014;Rey et al.,2018).For instance,the double-transgenic APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)develops early proteomic disturbances accompanied by a specific modulation of the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)dynamics at the level of the OB,demonstrating that olfactory molecular alterations occur prior toβ-amyloid plaque appearance and memory impairments in APP/PS1 transgenic mice(Lachen-Montes et al.,2016).

关键词： Although phylogenetically olfactory system considered

Context-dependent insect predation pressure on an avian ectoparasite

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Insect Science 2023年第6期30卷 1784-1797页

作者： Angela Salido Jesús Veiga joaquín Luis Reyes-López Francisco Valera Department of Botany Ecology and Plant PhysiologyUniversity of CórdobaCórdobaSpain Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva Estación Experimental de ZonasÁridas(EEZA-CSIC)AlmeríaSpain Department of Parasitology University of GranadaGranadaSpain MEMEG Department of BiologyLund UniversityLundSweden

Context dependence arises when ecological relationships vary with the conditions under which they are observed. Context dependence of interactions involving parasites is poorly known, even if it is key to understanding host–parasite relationships and food web dynamics. This paper investigates to which extent predation pressure on an avian ectoparasite (Carnus hemapterus) is context-dependent. Based on a predator-exclusion experiment, predation pressure on C. hemapterus pupae in the host's nest for 3 years, and its variation between habitat types are quantified. Variation in precipitation and normalized difference vegetation index (nDVI) is also explored as a likely cause of context dependency. We hypothesize that predation pressure should fluctuate with such surrogates of food availability, so that inter-annual and intra-annual differences may emerge. The number of nests with significant reduction of pupae varied widely among years ranging from 24% to 75%. However, average pupae reduction in nests where a significant reduction occurred did not vary between years. no differences in predation rates between habitat types were detected. Precipitation and nDVI varied widely between years and nDVI was consistently lower around nests on cliffs than around nests on trees and farmhouses. Parallels were found between variation in predation pressure and precipitation/nDVI at a wide scale (highest predation the driest year, and much lower the 2 rainier ones), but not at the nest scale. This paper shows clear context-dependent insect predation pressure on an ectoparasite under natural conditions, and that such interaction changes in signs rather than magnitude between years. The causes for these variations require longer-term studies and/or well-designed, large-scale experiments.

关键词： ants arid areas Carnus hemapterus consumer-resource interaction ecosys-tem productivity predator-parasite rainfall

Loculated pericardial hematoma diagnosed with point-of-care ultrasound

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 241-242页

作者： joaquín Valle Alonso Esther Montoro Leandro noblia Emergency Department Royal Bournemouth HospitalBournemouth 14450UK Emergency Department Hospital Santa LuciaCartagena 30202Spain

Pericardial hematoma is a rare but potentially lifethreatening consequence following cardiac surgery that requires prompt recognition and intervention.Patients can present with symptoms such as chest pain,dyspnea,tachycardia,and hypotension,which may mimic other post-operative issues.Loculated pericardial hematoma compressing the atria might be difficult to diagnose.Bleeding and hematoma are more common in patients receiving early anticoagulant therapy.A focused cardiac ultrasound (Fo CUS) plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis,revealing the presence of pericardial effusion and signs of cardiac compression.The aim of this report was to provide a prompt diagnosis of loculated pericardial hematoma via Fo CUS in the emergency department (ED).

关键词： hematoma diagnosis cardiac

A socioeconomic approach to the profile of microcredit holders from the Hispanic minority in the USA

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 484-508页

作者： Salvador Cruz Rambaud joaquín López Pascual Emilio M.Santandreu Departamento de Economía y Empresa Universidad de Almería04120 AlmeríaSpain Departamento de Economía de la Empresa Universidad Rey Juan Carlos28032 VicálvaroMadridSpain OUR Microlending LLC MiamiFL 33145USA

The subject of this study is the microcredit market in the USA,more specifically in Florida.The justification for choosing this specific state is the massive presence of the Hispanic population.This will facilitate a generalization of the obtained results to the microcredit market in Latin American countries.Thus,the objective of this study is to analyze the profile of microcredit holders and their companies from socioeconomic and financial points of view.As our data also consider the degree of repayment of the microloans included in the sample,the clients’profile is related to the punctuality or default of their corresponding loan repayments using the methodology of multi-nomial logit regression.The variables used in this study refer to personal information concerning borrowers(gender,age,education level,and marital status),the economic situation of their respective companies(closeness to the lender,number of workers,and revenues),and the characteristics of granted loans(principal,term,and purpose).However,the results of the regression show that only two variables are significant at the 5%significance level:the borrower’s age,which has a positive effect on repay-ment punctuality,and the loan term,which exhibits a negative effect.The findings of this study have clear implications,as they can help lenders design suitable microloans adjusted to customer profiles.Finally,future research should include other demograph-ics and characteristics of affected companies.

关键词： Microcredit Customer profile Socioeconomic factors Multinomial logit regression Repayment Microentrepreneurship

High-risk symptoms and quantitative faecal immunochemical test accuracy: Systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第19期25卷 2383-2401页

作者： noel Pin Vieito Sara Zarraqui?os joaquín Cubiella Department of Gastroenterology Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur Department of Biochemistry Genetics and Immunology Faculty of Biology University of Vigo

BACKGROUnD The quantitative faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin(FIT) has been revealed to be highly accurate for colorectal cancer(CRC) detection not only in a screening setting, but also in the assessment of patients presenting lower bowel symptoms. Therefore, the national Institute for Health and Care Excellence has recommended the adoption of FIT in primary care to guide referral for suspected CRC in low-risk symptomatic patients using a 10 μg Hb/g faeces threshold.nevertheless, it is unknown whether FIT′s accuracy remains stable throughout the broad spectrum of possible symptoms.AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess FIT accuracy for CRC detection in different clinical settings.METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLInE and EMBASE databases from inception to May 2018 to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective studies including symptomatic patients that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative FIT for CRC detection. Studies were classified on the basis of brand,threshold of faecal haemoglobin concentration for a positive test result,percentage of reported symptoms(solely symptomatic, mixed cohorts) and CRC prevalence(neity and perform subgroup analysis to assess the influence of clinical spectrum on FIT′s accuracy to detect CRC.RESULTS Fifteen cohorts including 13073 patients(CRC prevalence 0.4% to 16.8%) were identified. Pooled estimates of sensitivity for studies using OC-Sensor at 10 μg Hb/g faeces threshold(n = 10400) was 89.6% [95% confidence interval(CI): 82.7%to 94.0%). However, pooled estimates of sensitivity for studies formed solely by symptomatic patients(n = 4035) and mixed cohorts(n = 6365) were 94.1%(95%CI: 90.0% to 96.6%) and 85.5%(95%CI: 76.5% to 91.4%) respectively(P no statistically significant differences between pooled sensitivity of studies with CRC prevalence nd ≥ 2.5%(91.7%, 95%CI: 83.3% to 96.1%)(P = 0.25). At the same threshold, O

关键词： Bowel disease Colorectal cancer Diagnostic accuracy Faecal haemoglobin Faecal immunochemical test Faecal occult blood test Inflammatory bowel disease Significant colonic lesion