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Noninvasive Assessment of Autonomic Cardiovascular Function in Patients after Arterial Switch Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries

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Surgical Science 2015年第3期6卷 126-132页

作者： joanna Hlebowicz Maja Rooth Sandra Lindstedt Johan Holm Ulf Thilén Department of Internal Medicine Skane University Hospital Lund University Malmo Sweden Department of Cardiology Skane University Hospital Lund University Lund Sweden Lund University Malmo Sweden Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Skane University Hospital Lund University Lund Sweden

Background: Children born with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) must undergo corrective surgery for survival, arterial switch being the standard surgical procedure. The sympathetic innervation of the heart may be damaged during the operation. This study was designed to determine whether adults who were born with TGA and who had arterial switch operation (ASO) in infancy exhibit denervation of the heart, measured as heart rate variability (HRV) with electrocardiography (eCG). Methods: Nine patients with transposition of the great arteries (four men and five women;mean age 26 ± 1 years) who underwent the ASO at a mean age of 85 ± 35 days, and nine healthy adults (five men and five women;mean age 26 ± 2) were included in the study. Cardiac autonomic nerve function was determined by the variation in RR intervals during maximal deep breathing, monitored by continuous eCG. The mean values were calculated for each group from six inspirations (I) and expirations (e), and the e:I ratios were calculated. Results: The e:I ratio did not differ between patients with an arterial switch and healthy controls (P?= 0.161). Two patients had signs of denervation of the heart up to 30 years after the arterial switch operation. Conclusions: Reinnervation of the heart?may take place in patients who have undergone the ASO in infancy, and these patients would not necessarily suffer from autonomic dysfunction. The HRV, measured by eCG, has the potential to identify arterially switched patients at risk of developing silent myocardial ischemia.

关键词： Congenital Heart Disease Transposition of the Great Arteries Arterial Switch Operation Sympathetic Innervation

Bioactivity‑Guided Isolation of Totarane‑Derived Diterpenes from Podocarpus neriifolius and Structure Revision of 3‑Deoxy‑2α‑hydroxynagilactone e

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2019年第2期9卷 157-163页

作者： P.Annécie Benatrehina Wei-Lun Chen Austin A.Czarnecki Steven Kurina Hee-Byung Chai Daniel D.Lantvit Tran N.Ninh Xiaoli Zhang Djaja D.Soejarto joanna e.Burdette A.Douglas Kinghorn L.Harinantenaina Rakotondraibe Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy The Ohio State UniversityCollege of PharmacyColumbusOHUSA Center for Biostatistics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA College of Pharmacy University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA John G.Searle Herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History ChicagoILUSA Institute of ecology and Biological Resources Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology HanoiHanoiVietnam

Bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation of Podocarpus neriifolius ***.(Podocarpaceae)has led to the isolation of one new(2)and three known(1,3,and 4)B-type podolactones,along with three totarane-type diterpenes(5-7).Their structures were determined by interpretation of High Resolution electroSpray Ionization Mass Spectrometry(HReSIMS)and 1D and 2D NMR data,and comparison with the values reported in the *** structure of compound 1,previously identifed as 3-deoxy-2α-hydroxynagilactone e(8),was revised as its 2β-epimer,which has been reported recently as a new *** of the isolates were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of four human cancer cell lines,namely,ovarian(OVCAR3),breast(MDA-MB-231),colon(HT-29),and melanoma(MDA-MB-435),and compounds 1 and 3 were found to be cytotoxic with IC_(50) values in the low micromolar range for most of the cell lines *** major compound,inumakilactone A(3),was further tested in vivo using the HT-29,MDA-MB-435,and OVCAR3 cells in a murine hollow fber model,for the frst time.

关键词： Podocarpus neriifolius Nagilactone G-2β-O-β-d-glucoside Hollow fber assay 3-Deoxy-2αhydroxynagilactone e Antiproliferative B-type podolactone

Which is the best choice for gastroesophageal disorders:Melatonin or proton pump inhibitors?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2010年第5期1卷 102-106页

作者： joanna Dulce Favacho de Oliveira Torres Ricardo de Souza Pereira Universidade Federal do Amapá Campus Universitário Marco Zero do Equador Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek KM-02 Jardim Marco Zero CEP 68.902-280 Macapá AP Brazil Laboratório de Laser e Microscopia de Fora Atmica Dr. Nivaldo Parizotto Departamento de Fi- sioterapia Universidade Federal de So Carlos Rod. Washington Luís So Carlos SP Brazil

Melatonin is used in many countries to improve sleep *** is a hormone produced by the pineal gland and enterochromaff in cells which control sleep and gastrointestinal *** levels of melatonin lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease(GeRD).Most of patients with GeRD have a sleep ***,low melatonin levels is the main cause of *** this,it has an inhibitory action on gastric acid secretion and seems to control the lower esophageal *** pump inhibitors(PPIs) are a group of drugs whose main action is a pronounced and long-lasting reduction of gastric acid *** are the most potent inhibitors of acid secretion available ***(one of the PPIs) and melatonin have similarities in their chemical ***,we could consider omeprazole as a rough copy of *** this paper,we compare the advantages and disadvantages of the clinical use of melatonin and PPIs.

关键词： Melatonin Sleep disorder Gastroesophageal reflux disease Omeprazole Ulcers Gastritis

What Do We Know about Individuals Who Are Assessed as Being at Moderate Risk for Future Fracture in Canada?

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Health 2015年第5期7卷 514-520页

作者： joanna e. M. Sale Ravi Jain Kosalan Akilan Kevin Senior Dorcas Beaton earl Bogoch Gilles Boire Marie-Claude Beaulieu David Lightfoot Larry Funnell Musculoskeletal Health and Outcomes Research Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto Canada Institute of Health Policy Management & Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto Canada Osteoporosis Canada Toronto Canada Mobility Program Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto Canada Department of Surgery University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Canada Department of Family Medicine and emergency Medicine Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Canada

Objective: We examined what was known about individuals in Canada who were assessed as being at moderate risk for future fracture. Methods: A scoping review was conducted. eligible articles were Canadian studies published from 2010 onwards reporting on primary data that included patients at moderate risk for future fracture. We limited the search to Canada as fracture risk categorization is unique to each country. Studies were identified by searching relevant databases. Two reviewers independently reviewed titles and abstracts to determine each study’s eligibility. General information about each study, demographic information about the moderate risk groups (including tool used to determine moderate risk (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX), Canadian Association of Radiologists and Osteoporosis Canada (CAROC)), and outcomes (number of patients: recommended treatment, prescribed treatment, initiating treatment, persisting with treatment after six months, who refractured, who died) were documented. Results: We identified 1193 papers which were further screened for eligibility. Of the 1193 identified, 7 were eligible for the review but only 4 articles contained demographic or outcome data on moderate risk patients. In one study, 1.8% of moderate risk patients died over a mean 5.3 years of observation and in three studies, the risk of fracture was 5.9% over a median of 3 years of follow-up, 8.3% over a mean of 5.4 years, and 14.7% over 10 years of follow-up. Conclusion: There is a wide knowledge gap in the literature concerning individuals who are assessed as moderate risk for future fracture in Canada.

关键词： Moderate Risk Osteoporosis Management Outcomes Scoping Review

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英语语音和音韵教学评估的问题(英文)

外语教育 2002年第1期2卷 9-19页

作者： joanna Radwanska-Williams 香港中文大学英文系

The teaching of english phonetics and phonology is an advanced level of the teaching of pronunciation,which combines phonetic practice and theoretical *** article examines english phonetics from two perspectives:production and *** is the traditional focus of pronunciation *** the other hand,perception iscrucial to the development of phonological *** problem of assessment is discussed in relation to these twodimensions:assessment of production,i.e.,the students’pronunciation ability,and assessment of perception,i.e.,thestudents’phonological awareness of english *** focuses on output,while perception focuses on *** training of perception promotes input *** article argues that the teaching and assessment of perceptionshould be given special attention,because of its importance in the development of phonological and communicativecompetence.

关键词： pronunciation 英语语音 awareness competence phonetic perception sentence speaker learner listening

Statistical analyses for NANOGrav 5-year timing residuals

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第2期17卷 63-76页

作者： Yan Wang James M. Cordes Fredrick A. Jenet Shami Chatterjee Paul B. Demorest Timothy Dolch Justin A. ellis Michael T. Lam Dustin R. Madison Maura A. McLaughlin Delphine Perrodin joanna Rankin Xavier Siemens Michele Vallisneri MOe Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurements School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Center for Advanced Radio Astronomy University of Texas at Brownsville 1 West University Boulevard Brownsville TX 78520 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Texas at Brownsville 1 West University Boulevard Brownsville TX 78520 USA Department of Astronomy Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont Road Charlottesville VA 22903 USA Department of Physics Hillsdale College 33 E. College Street Hillsdale M149242 USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena CA 91106 USA Department of Physics West Virginia University EO. Box 6315 Morgantown WV 26505 USA INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari Via della Scienza 5 09047 Selargius (CA) Italy Department of Physics University of Vermont Burlington VT 05405 USA Center for Gravitation Cosmology and Astrophysics Department of Physics University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee P.O. Box 413 Milwaukee WI 53201 USA

In pulsar timing, timing residuals are the differences between the observed times of arrival and predictions from the timing model. A comprehensive timing model will produce featureless resid- uals, which are presumably composed of dominating noise and weak physical effects excluded from the timing model （e.g. gravitational waves）. In order to apply optimal statistical methods for detecting weak gravitational wave signals, we need to know the statistical properties of noise components in the residuals. In this paper we utilize a variety of non-parametric statistical tests to analyze the whiteness and Gaussianity of the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves （NANOGrav） 5- year timing data, which are obtained from Arecibo Observatory and Green Bank Telescope from 2005 to 2010. We find that most of the data are consistent with white noise; many data deviate from Gaussianity at different levels, nevertheless, removing outliers in some pulsars will mitigate the deviations.

关键词： pulsar timing array general -- statistical tests

Immune system as a new therapeutic target for antibiotics

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 91-101页

作者： Brygida Kwiatkowska Maria Maslinska Malgorzata Przygodzka joanna Dmowska-Chalaba Justyna Dabrowska Katarzyna Sikorska-Siudek early Arthritis Clinic Institute of Rheumatology Warsaw Poland

Since the discovery of penicillin by Fleming in 1928, the knowledge of the antibiotics’ spectrum and mechanism of action has been steadily increasing. Antibiotics became an effective tool in the fight against many pathogens, changing the prognosis of outcome for many serious diseases. It is already known that antibiotics not only have the antibacterial activity, but many of them—e.g. macrolides, sulphonamides and tetracyclines—have immunomodulating effect, affecting functions of lymphocytes, macrophages and costimulatory molecules, macrophage migration and phagocytosis, as well as proinflammatory cytokine secretion. The expanding knowledge of the effects of antibiotics on the immune system has brought with it new applications of antibiotics in organ transplantation, invasive cardiology and treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or asthma.

关键词： Immunomodulatory Macrolides Tetracyclines Sulphonamides

Drought and Associated Impacts in the Great Plains of the United States—A Review

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第6期4卷 72-81页

作者： Jeffrey B. Basara joanna N. Maybourn Casey M. Peirano Jennifer e. Tate Parker J. Brown Jake D. Hoey Brandon R. Smith 1School of Meteorology University of Oklahoma Norman USA 2Oklahoma Climatological Survey University of Oklahoma Norman USA 1School of Meteorology University of Oklahoma Norman USA 2University of Reading Reading UK School of Meteorology University of Oklahoma Norman USA

The Great Plains region of the United States is susceptible to drought of all kinds including meteorological/climatological, agricultural, hydrological, and socioeconomic. Drought conditions in the region span varying spatial and temporal scales and the causes include: 1) certain synoptic conditions that favor drought such as mid-tropospheric ridging over the drought-affected area and a weak low-level jet;2) sea surface temperature anomalies and associated teleconnections;3) land-atmosphere coupling;and 4) anthropogenic effects. While drought can span as few as a couple of months, the most severe droughts can occur at the decadal scale such as the 1930s Dust Bowl, the worst drought in recent history from a societal standpoint. Such droughts in the Great Plains have widespread impacts on agriculture, water resources, human health, and the economy.

关键词： Drought Great Plains United States Rainfall Precipitation

Color Fusion of Magnetic Resonance Images Improves Intracranial Volume Measurement in Studies of Aging

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Open Journal of Radiology 2012年第1期2卷 1-9页

作者： Maria del C.Valdes Hernandez Natalie A.Royle Michael R.Jackson Susana Munoz Maniega Lars Penke Mark e.Bastin Ian J.Deary joanna M.Wardlaw Brain Research Imaging Centre University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Department of Psychology University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Department of Medical and Radiological Sciences University of EdinburghEdinburghUK

Background: Comparison of intracranial volume (ICV) measurements in different subpopulations offers insight into age-related atrophic change and pathological loss of neuronal tissue. For such comparisons to be meaningful the accuracy of ICV measurement is paramount. Color magnetic resonance images (MRI) have been utilised in several research applications and are reported to show promise in the clinical arena. Methods: We selected a sample of 150 older community-dwelling individuals (age 71 to 72 years) representing a wide range of ICV, white matter lesions and atrophy. We compared the extraction of ICV by thresholding on T2*-weighted MR images followed by manual editing (reference standard) done by an analyst trained in brain anatomy, with thresholding plus computational morphological operations followed by manual editing on a framework of a color fusion technique (MCMxxxVI) and two automatic brain segmentation methods widely used, these last three done by two image analysts. Results: The range of ICV was 1074 to 1921 cm3 for the reference standard. The mean difference between the reference standard and the ICV measured using the technique that involved the color fusion was 2.7%, while it was 5.4% compared with any fully automatic technique. However, the 95% confidence interval of the difference between the reference standard and each method was similar: it was 7% for the segmentation aided by the color fusion and was 7% and 8.3% for the two fully automatic methods tested. Conclusion: For studies of aging, the use of color fusion MRI in ICV segmentation in a semi-automatic framework delivered best results compared with a reference standard manual method. Fully automated methods, while fast, all require manual editing to avoid significant errors and, in this post-processing step color fusion MRI is recommended.

关键词： Intracranial Volume Segmentation Brain Volume Aging Color MRI