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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 183-191页

作者： Kevin P.BLAINe joanna e.lambert Department of Anesthesia Stanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of ecological Anthropology University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

Primates access energy from plant fiber via bacterial fermentation in either a modified forestomach(‘foregut’),a caecocolic(‘hindgut’)chamber of the large intestine,or *** digestive retention times allow for more complete fermentation;as such,primates that consume an herbivorous diet high in fiber are expected to have both relatively and absolutely longer retention times than those mammals that rely on more readily digestible plant foods,such as *** used particulate markers to measure the digestive retention times of captive Allen’s swamp monkeys[Allenopithecus nigroviridis(Pocock,1907)](n=3)and L’Hoest’s monkey(Cercopithecus lhoesti ***,1899)(n=2).Results indicate mean retention times of 23.2-29.4 h and 23.2-24.0 h for *** and ***,*** from this study,in combination with previously published data on digestive retention times in other primate species,indicate that cercopithecines differ from other primate taxa by having lengthier retention times that can be predicted by body mass *** data are consistent with the hypothesis that relatively lengthy retention times are a primitive trait for Cercopithecinae.

关键词： Cercopithecinae digestive retention time evolution of diet fermentation plant fiber

Fecal microbial diversity and putative function in captive western lowland gorillas(Gorilla gorilla gorilla),common chimpanzees(Pan troglodytes),Hamadryas baboons(Papio hamadryas)and binturongs(Arctictis binturong)

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第5期9卷 557-569页

作者： erin A.McKeNNeY Melissa ASHWeLL joanna e.lambert Vivek FeLLNeR Department of Animal Sciences North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Anthropology The University of Texas at San AntonioTexasUSA

Microbial populations in the gastrointestinal tract contribute to host health and *** gut microbial ecology is well studied in livestock and domestic animals,little is known of the endogenous populations inhabiting primates or *** characterized microbial populations in fecal cultures from gorillas(Gorilla gorilla gorilla),common chimpanzees(Pan troglodytes),Hamadryas baboons(Papio hamadryas)and binturongs(Arctictis binturong)to compare the microbiomes associated with different gastrointestinal morphologies and different omnivorous feeding *** species was fed a distinct standardized diet for 2 weeks prior to fecal *** diets were formulated to reflect the species’feeding strategies in *** fecal samples were pooled within species and used to inoculate in vitro batch ***,propionate,butyrate and valerate were measured after 24 h of *** DNA was extracted from individual fecal samples,pooled,and the cpn60 gene region was amplified and then sequenced to identify the major eubacterial constituents associated with each host *** chain fatty acids(Pethane(Pere significantly different across *** profiles were consistent with fermentation data and suggest an increase in diversity with dietary fiber.

关键词： ecology fermentation gastrointestinal microbiota microbial diversity

Population dynamics of the tropical oyster Magallana bilineata(Mollusca,Bivalvia,Ostreidae)in Mengkabong Bay,Tuaran,Malaysia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 295-305页

作者： joanna W.Doinsing Julian Ransangan Politeknik Sandakan Sabah Education HubBatu 10Jalan Sungai BatangSandakanSabah90000Malaysia Borneo Marine Research Institute Universiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMSKota Kinabalu88400Malaysia

Knowledge about the population dynamics within a specific spatial area is vital for the effective planning and management of important fishery *** parameters,including the asymptotic length(L∞),growth coefficient(K),mortalities(Z,F,and M),recruitment pattern,exploitation level(e),and yield per recruit(Y’/R),of the tropical oyster Magallana bilineata in Mengkabong Bay,Tuaran,Malaysia were analyzed by using the FiSAT software,using on the monthly shell length-frequency data collected from April 2019 to March 2020.A total of 435 oysters with shell lengths ranging from 3.64 to 11.16 cm were *** water temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen,hydrogen ion concentration(pH),and chlorophyll concentration were measured at 29.0-33.7◦C,26.68-35.74 psμ,3.18-6.99 mg/L,6.57-8.29 and 1.51-98.93μg/L,*** logarithmic relationship between the length and weight of Log W=1.9055 Log L+0.1049(R2=0.5431)with exponent b of 1.9055 for combined sexes showed a negative allometric growth(be oysters in Mengkabong Bay are *** management measures have been proposed to promote high meat growth,including the use of genetically selected seeds,selection of new farming sites and adoption of grow-out methods that favour high meat *** length(L∞)and growth coefficient(K)of the von Bertalanffy Growth Formula(VBGF)for *** were estimated at 12.13 cm and 1.00 yr􀀀1,*** theoretical ages at length zero(t0)(0.0487)were estimated by substituting L∞and K in Pauly’s *** sizes attained by *** were 3.76,5.04,6.13,7.05,7.83,and 8.49 cm at the end of 2,4,6,8,10,and 12 months,*** calculated growth performance index(φ)for *** in Mengkabong Bay was 2.168,while the estimated lifespan was 3 *** recruitment pattern was observed year-round,with higher recruitment activities in September-October 2019 and January *** total mortality(Z)was analyzed using the length-converted

关键词： Crassostrea iredalei Length-weight relationship Growth parameters Recruitment exploitation

Pelvic fractures in blunt trauma patients:A comparative study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 418-434页

作者： Alexander A Fokin joanna Wycech Knight Madison e Tharp Kyler C Brinton Phoebe K Gallagher Justin Fengyuan Xie Russell D Weisz Ivan Puente Trauma and Critical Care Services Delray Medical CenterDelray BeachFL 33484United States Charles e Schmidt College of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Trauma and Critical Care Services Broward Health Medical CenterFort LauderdaleFL 33316United States Charles e Schmidt College of Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199United States

BACKGROUND Pelvic fractures(PF)with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy *** of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the *** organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic *** of contrast blush(CB)on computed tomography in patients with PF is considered a sign of active bleeding,however,its clinical significance and association with outcomes is *** To analyze polytrauma patients with PF with a focus on the geriatric population,co-injuries and the value of contrast *** This retrospective cohort study included 558 patients with PF admitted to level 1 trauma center(01/2017-01/2023).Analyzed variables included:Age,sex,mechanism of injury(MOI),injury severity score(ISS),Glasgow coma scale(GCS),abbreviated injury scale(AIS),co-injuries,transfusion requirements,pelvic angiography,embolization,laparotomy,orthopedic pelvic surgery,intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay,discharge disposition and *** study compared geriatric and non-geriatric patients,patients with and without CB and abdominal *** score matching was implemented in comparison *** PF comprised 4%of all trauma admissions.89 patients had CB.286(52%)patients had concomitant injuries including 93(17%)patients with abdominal *** patients compared to non-geriatric had more falls as MOI,lower ISS and AIS pelvis,higher GCS,less abdominal co-injuries,similar CB and angio-embolization rates,less orthopedic pelvic surgeries,shorter lengths of stay and higher *** propensity matching,orthopedic pelvic surgery rates remained lower(8%vs 19%,Pength of stay shorter,and mortality higher(13%vs 4%,Periatric *** of 89 patients with CB,45(51%)were *** propensity matching,patients with CB compared to without CB had more pelvic angiography(71%vs 12%,P<0.001),hi

关键词： Pelvic fractures Geriatric trauma patients Abdominal co-injuries Contrast blush Contrast extravasation Angioembolization Polytrauma patients Surgical interventions Blunt trauma external and internal fixation for pelvic stabilization

Assessing discharge periodicity in mountain catchments using classified environmental conditions(Tatra Mountains, Poland)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第1期19卷 16-32页

作者： BOROWSKA-PAKUŁA joanna MIĘSIAK-WÓJCIK Katarzyna Department of Hydrology and Climatology Institute of Earth and Envronmental ScienceMaria Curie-Skłodowska UniversityAleja Kraśnicka 2D20-031 LublinPoland

The periodicity of a river expressed in cycles of various lengths(monthly, seasonal,multiannual) is a result of climatic factors and overlapping environmental conditions within its catchment. In uncontrolled or poorly surveyed catchments, it is very difficult to determine the duration of a stream’s hydrological activity. This is especially relevant for catchments with complicated water circulation in karstic rocks. The present study concerns the small catchment of the Str??yski Potok river located in the area of the Tatra National Park, in the Western Tatras. The observation period covered the 2015 hydrological year, which differed hydrologically from average conditions. This study aims to develop a simple method to explain the processes shaping the mountain stream discharge periodicity. The research employed periodic field observations linked with climatic and non-climatic factors. environmental conditions were assessed as four classes reflecting their influence on appearance or disappearance of mountain stream water. Class boundaries were the values of quartiles. The degree of correspondence between environmental factors and stream field observations was described via the Index DC(Degree Correspondence Index) *** correspondence(Index DC =0) was found in 23% catchments, a weak relationship between conditions favouring discharge and actual condition(Index DC=-1, +1) was noted within 11 catchments,while in 9 catchments, no such relationship was found(Index DC =-2, +2). The obtained results indicate a correspondence or lack thereof between the environmental potential of the catchment and its discharge periodicity. The discrepancies between the assessment of the influence of climatic and nonclimatic factors and the data collected during field observations provide a basis for more detailed *** of these studies based on the proposed classifications will allow for a more complete explanation of water disappearance in river channels and the d

关键词： Discharge periodicity Small mountain catchment Tatra Mountains environmental analysis

Spatially variable soils affecting geotechnical strip foundation design

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2022年第3期14卷 886-895页

作者： joanna Pieczyńska-Kozowska Giovanna Vessia Department of Civil engineering Wrocław University of Science and TechnologyWrocław50-370Poland Department of engineering and Geology Universitàdegli Studi G.d’Annunzio Chieti-PescaraChieti66100Italy

Natural soil variability is a well-known issue in geotechnical design,although not frequently managed in *** subsoil must be characterized in terms of mechanical properties for infrastructure design,random finite element method(RFeM)can be effectively adopted for shallow foundation design to gain a twofold purpose:(1)understanding how much the bearing capacity is affected by the spatial variability structure of soils,and(2)optimisation of the foundation dimension(*** B).The present study focuses on calculating the bearing capacity of shallow foundations by RFeM in terms of undrained and drained *** spatial variability structure of soil is characterized by the autocorrelation function and the scale of fluctuation(δ).The latter has been derived by geostatistical tools such as the ordinary Kriging(OK)approach based on 182 cone penetration tests(CPTs)performed in the alluvial plain in Bologna Province,*** show that the increase of the B/δratio not only reduces the bearing capacity uncertainty but also increases its mean value under drained ***,under the undrained condition,the autocorrelation function strongly affects the mean values of bearing ***,the authors advise caution when selecting the autocorrelation function model for describing the soil spatial variability structure and point out that undrained conditions are more affected by soil variability compared to the drained ones.

关键词： Bearing capacity Shallow foundation Random finite element method(RFeM) Ordinary kriging(OK) Soil property variability structure Reliability-based design

“互联网之父”鲍勃·卡恩获得Ieee荣誉勋章

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科技纵览 2024年第3期 54-54页

作者： joanna Goodrich 不详

被誉为“互联网之父”的Ieee终身会士罗伯特·e.卡恩(Robert ***)获得了2024年Ieee荣誉勋章。他因“在分组通信技术和互联网基础方面的开创性技术和领导贡献”而受到表彰。Ieee基金会赞助了该年度奖项。1973年在美国国防高级研究计划局(... 详细信息

被誉为“互联网之父”的Ieee终身会士罗伯特·e.卡恩(Robert ***)获得了2024年Ieee荣誉勋章。他因“在分组通信技术和互联网基础方面的开创性技术和领导贡献”而受到表彰。Ieee基金会赞助了该年度奖项。1973年在美国国防高级研究计划局(DARPA)信息处理技术办公室担任项目经理时,卡恩和Ieee终身会土温顿.瑟夫(Vint Cerf)设计了传输控制协议(TCP)和互联网协议(IP)。

关键词：信息处理技术卡恩荣誉勋章项目经理互联网分组通信 Ieee

Life cycle assessment of opencast lignite mining

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2021年第6期8卷 1272-1287页

作者： Lukasz Lelek joanna Kulczycka Mineral and energy economy Research Institute Polish Academy of SciencesWybickiego 7A Str.31-261 CracowPoland Faculty of Management AGH University of Science and Technology30-067 CracowPoland

The life cycle phase of fossil fuel extraction is mainly considered in the life cycle assessment(LCA)when evaluating the energy production *** is then only one of many unit processes,which contribute to the blurring of mining-relevant *** are few items in the literature focusing exclusively on the lignite mining phase and analysing the specific mining conditions and associated environmental *** article focuses on the LCA of lignite mining processes on the basis of data coming from a Polish *** technology for opencast lignite mining is noted for its high production efficiency,high level of recovery and lower risk as regards the safety of workers when compared with underground mining ***,the need to remove large amounts of overburden to uncover the deposit contributes to a much greater degradation of the *** the results obtained,several key(hot spot)elements of the lignite mining operations were distinguished for modelling the environmental impact,i.e.:calorific value,the amount of electricity consumption,the manner in which waste and overburden are *** a result there is a high sensitivity of the final indicator to changes in these impacts.

关键词： Life cycle assessment(LCA) Lignite Mining Fossil fuel

Hydroxyapatites enriched in silicon-Bioceramic materials for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2017年第4期27卷 401-409页

作者： Katarzyna Szurkowska joanna Kolmas Medical University of Warsaw Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine Division Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry

Hydroxyapatite ((Ca10（PO4）)6（OH）2, abbreviated as HA) plays a crucial role in implantology, dentistry and bone surgery. Due to its considerable similarity to the inorganic fraction of the mineralized tissues（bones, enamel and dentin）, it is used as component in many bone substitutes, coatings of metallic implants and dental materials. Biomaterial engineering often takes advantage of HA capacity for partial ion substitution because the incorporation of different ions in the HA structure leads to materials with improved biological or physicochemical properties. The objective of the work is to provide an overview of current knowledge about apatite materials substituted with silicon ions. Although the exact mechanism of action of silicon in the bone formation process has not been fully elucidated, research has shown beneficial effects of this element on bone matrix mineralization as well as on collagen type I synthesis and stabilization. The paper gives an account of the functions of silicon in bone tissue and outlines the present state of research on synthetic HA containing silicate ions（Si-HA）. Finally, methods of HA production as well as potential and actual applications of HA materials modified with silicon ions are discussed.

关键词： Hydroxyapatite Silicon Biomaterials Ionic substitution Bioceramics

A model for the control of DNA integrity by the sperm nuclear matrix

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第4期17卷 610-615页

作者： joanna e Gawecka Jordi Ribas-Maynou Jordi Benet W Steven Ward Clinical and Translational Research Program Universityof Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu HI USA Cell BiologyUnit Cell Biology Phisiology and Immunology DepartmentMedicine Faculty Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona08193 Bellaterra Spain Center of Male Infertility andAnalysis de Barcelona Edifici Eureka PBM5 Parc deRecerca de la UAB Campus de la UAB 08193 BellaterraSpain Institute for Biogenesis Research Departmentof Anatomy Biochemistry and Physiology Honolulu HIUSA Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Women'sHealth John A. Burns School of Medicine University ofHawaii at Manoa. Honolulu. HI 96822. USA.

The highly condensed chromatin of mammalian spermatozoa is usually considered to be biologically inert before fertilization. However, we have demonstrated that even in this compacted state, sperm chromatin is subject to degradation at open configurations associated with the nuclear matrix through a process we have termed sperm chromatin fragmentation （SCF）. ＂[his suggests that a mechanism exists to monitor the health of spermatozoa during transit through the male reproductive tract and to destroy the genome of defective sperm cells. The site of DNA damage in SCF, the matrix attachment sites, are the same that we hypothesize initiate DNA synthesis in the zygote. When sperm that have damaged DNA are injected into the oocyte, the newly created zygote responds by delaying DNA synthesis in the male pronudeus and, if the damage is severe enough, arresting the embryo＇s development. Here we present a model for paternal DNA regulation by the nuclear matrix that begins during sperm maturation and continues through early embryonic development.

关键词： DNA mammalian spermatozoa