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More than skin deep? Potential nicotinamide treatment applications in chronic kidney transplant recipients

World Journal of Transplantation 2016年第4期6卷 658-664页

作者： Andrew G Bostom Basma Merhi joanna walker Leslie Robinson-Bostom Division of Hypertension and Kidney Diseases Department of Medicine Rhode Island Hospital Division of Hypertension and Kidney Diseases Department of Medicine Rhode Island Hospital and Organ Transplantation Department of Dermatology Rhode Island Hospital

Non-melanoma cutaneous carcinomas, or skin cancers, predominantly squamous cell carcinomas(SCCs), are the most common malignancies occurring in kidney transplant recipients(KTRs). Squamous cell carcinoma risk is dramatically elevated in KTRs, occurring at rates of up 45-250 times those reported in general populations. New non-melanoma skin cancers in KTRs with a prior non-melanoma skin cancer also develop at 3-times the rate reported in non-KTRs with the same clinical history. The unique aggressiveness of SCCs in KTRs increases patient morbidity, due to the high rate of new lesions requiring treatment, frequently surgical excision. Oral nicotinamide shows promise in the chemoprevention of the especially aggressive non-melanoma skin cancers which occur in KTRs. This benefit might be conferred via its inhibition of sirtuin enzymatic pathways. Nicotinamide's concurrent hypophosphatemic effect may also partially ameliorate the disturbed calcium-phosphorus homeostasis in these patients-a putative risk factor for mortality, and graft failure. Conceivably, a phase 3 trial of nicotinamide for the prevention of non-melanoma skin cancers in KTRs, lasting at least 12-mo, could also incorporate imaging and laboratory measures which assess nicotinamide's impact on subclinical cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease risk, and progression.

关键词： Kidney transplantation Skin neoplasms Niacinamide Phosphorus

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